使用tensorflow创建一个简单的神经网络

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-30 20:29:28 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-30 20:29:28 发布

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文章标签：神经网络 tensorflow 人工智能深度学习机器学习

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43569478/article/details/118098155

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本文介绍了如何使用TensorFlow和Keras构建一个简单的3层神经网络模型，解决Fashion MNIST图像分类问题。从数据加载到模型训练、评估和预测，详细展示了神经网络的构建过程。

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本文是对tensorflow官方入门教程的学习和翻译，展示了创建一个基础的神经网络模型来解决图像分类问题的过程。具体步骤如下

1. 加载数据

tensorflow集成了keras这个框架，提供了Fashion MNIST数据集，该数据集包含了10个类别共7万张服装图像，加载方式如下

>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> from tensorflow import keras
>>> import numpy as np
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> print(tf.__version__)
2.5.0
>>> fashion_mnist = keras.datasets.fashion_mnist
>>> (train_images, train_labels), (test_images, test_labels) = fashion_mnist.load_data()
Downloading data from https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/tf-keras-datasets/train-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz
32768/29515 [=================================] - 0s 1us/step
Downloading data from https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/tf-keras-datasets/train-images-idx3-ubyte.gz
26427392/26421880 [==============================] - 2s 0us/step
Downloading data from https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/tf-keras-datasets/t10k-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz
8192/5148 [===============================================] - 0s 1us/step
Downloading data from https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/tf-keras-datasets/t10k-images-idx3-ubyte.gz
4423680/4422102 [==============================] - 0s 0us/step
>>> class_names = ['T-shirt/top', 'Trouser', 'Pullover', 'Dress', 'Coat','Sandal', 'Shirt', 'Sneaker', 'Bag', 'Ankle boot']
>>> train_images.shape
(60000, 28, 28)
>>> train_images.shape
(60000, 28, 28)
>>> len(train_labels)
60000
>>> train_labels
array([9, 0, 0, ..., 3, 0, 5], dtype=uint8)

对这7万张图像，其中6万张用于训练模型，1万张用于评估模型效果，通过以下代码，可以查看具体的图像内容

>>> train_images = train_images / 255.0
>>> test_images = test_images / 255.0
>>> plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
<Figure size 1000x1000 with 0 Axes>
>>> for i in range(25):
...     plt.subplot(5, 5, i + 1)
...     plt.xticks([])
...     plt.yticks([])
...     plt.grid(False)
...     plt.imshow(train_images[i], cmap=plt.cm.binary)
...     plt.xlabel(class_names[train_labels[i]])
...
>>> plt.show()

可视化结果如下