VASPKIT绘制电荷差分密度
电荷密度差分(charge density difference)是研究电子结构的一种重要手段,通过它可以直观地观察两个片段相互作用后的电子流向,以及原子在形成分子过程中电子密度的变化,从而探究化学键的本质。一般电荷密度差分主要是指体系的电荷密度与其组成片段的电荷密度之差。
1. CHGCAR文件格式解析
CHGCAR文件包含电子密度信息的格点文件,不同的体系(如自旋非极化体系ISPIN = 1 和自旋极化体系ISPIN = 2)会包含不同的数据。CHGCAR的前部分与POSCAR, CONTCAR格式相同,包含晶格矢量、原子核坐标等信息。其后是实空间函数的网格密度,以及电荷密度信息ρ® Vcell。举例说明,以下是一个AgAl2O4晶胞的CHGCAR文件内容:
AgAl2O4
1.00000000000000
5.970688 0.000000 0.000000
2.985344 5.170767 0.000000
2.985344 1.723589 4.875046
Al O Ag
4 8 2
Direct
0.125000 0.125000 0.125000
0.125000 0.625000 0.125000
0.125000 0.125000 0.625000
0.625000 0.125000 0.125000
0.896032 0.311903 0.896032
0.353968 0.353968 0.353968
0.938097 0.353968 0.353968
0.353968 0.353968 0.938097
0.311903 0.896032 0.896032
0.896032 0.896032 0.311903
0.353968 0.938097 0.353968
0.896032 0.896032 0.896032
0.500000 0.500000 0.500000
0.750000 0.750000 0.750000
96 96 96
0.18168850074E+02 0.18351291176E+02 0.18907802224E+02 0.19865518432E+02 0.21266233626E+02
0.23162941221E+02 0.25615466044E+02 0.28686961954E+02 0.32439828896E+02 0.36930625701E+02
0.42201321723E+02 0.48265903124E+02 0.55091788621E+02 0.62578622075E+02 0.70538524327E+02
0.78684781737E+02 0.86635425342E+02 0.93936164958E+02 0.10010404596E+03 0.10468465971E+03
0.10731710731E+03 0.10778641392E+03 0.10605630734E+03 0.10227346625E+03 0.96740352694E+02
0.89868950321E+02 0.82112454447E+02 0.73916692000E+02 0.65672458996E+02 0.57691566642E+02
0.50203260180E+02 0.43345647396E+02 0.37203505883E+02 0.31808655813E+02 0.27151022210E+02
0.23198450946E+02 0.19895699717E+02 0.17176793084E+02 0.14967445399E+02 0.13190491189E+02
0.11773110164E+02 0.10649974944E+02 0.97651555604E+01 0.90755463845E+01 0.85482536956E+01
0.81590935988E+01 0.78915724986E+01 0.77350114894E+01 0.76834527684E+01 0.77350072287E+01
0.78915549761E+01 0.81590824775E+01 0.85482326986E+01 0.90755399075E+01 0.97649179708E+01
2. Vaspkit计算两个片段的电荷密度差
以OER反应中间体OOH吸附在MoAg2O4(111)表面为例,计算电荷密度差的步骤如下:
2.1 优化OOH吸附在MoAg2O4(111)表面的结构
2.2 分别优化OOH和MoAg2O4(111)表面的结构
这一步确保三次自洽计算所采用的FFT mesh一致(NGXF,NGYF,NGZF)。
2.3 使用VASPKIT进行电荷差分计算
使用VASPKIT 314功能进行电荷差分计算,并将结果导入VESTA进行可视化。
===================== Structural Utilities ======================
1) VASP Input-Files Kit 2) Mechanical Properties
3) K-Path for Band-Structure 4) Structure Editor
5) Catalysis-ElectroChem Kit 6) Symmetry Analysis
8) Advanced Structure Models
===================== Electronic Utilities ======================
11) Density-of-States 21) Band-Structure
23) 3D Band-Structure 25) Hybrid-DFT Band-Structure
26) Fermi-Surface 28) Band-Structure Unfolding
31) Charge-Density Analysis 42) Potential Analysis
51) Wave-Function Analysis 62) Magnetic Properties
65) Spin-Texture 68) Transport Properties
======================== Misc Utilities =========================
71) Optical Properties 72) Molecular-Dynamics Kit
74) User Interface 78) VASP2other Interface
91) Semiconductor Kit 92) 2D-Material Kit
0) Quit
------------>>
314
======================= File Options ============================
Input the Names of Charge/Potential Files with Space:
(e.g., to get AB-A-B, type: ~/AB/CHGCAR ./A/CHGCAR ../B/CHGCAR)
(e.g., to get A-B, type: ~/A/CHGCAR ./B/CHGCAR)
------------>>
./CHGCAR ./OOH/CHGCAR ./slab/CHGCAR
-->> (01) Reading Structural Parameters from ./CHGCAR File...
-->> (02) Reading Charge Density From ./CHGCAR File...
-->> (03) Reading Structural Parameters from ./co/CHGCAR File...
-->> (04) Reading Charge Density From ./co/CHGCAR File...
-->> (05) Reading Structural Parameters from ./slab/CHGCAR File...
-->> (06) Reading Charge Density From ./slab/CHGCAR File...
-->> (07) Written CHGDIFF.vasp File!
生成CHGDIFF.vasp包含电荷密度差的信息,可以直接导入到VESTA里作图isosurface青色部分电荷密度减小,黄色密度电荷密度增加。
参考资料:
Vaspkit做电荷密度差图