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📋📋📋本文目录如下：🎁🎁🎁
目录
💥1 概述
随着科技与经济的快速发展,对能源的需求越来越多。当前能源比重较高的石油、煤炭等都属于不可再生能源,因此全世界都在大力寻找新兴能源。分布式电源作为新一代电源类型,其清洁、无污染与可再生的优点受到人们的重视,但分布式电源存在诸多问题,并入电网系统后对系统的运行方式、节点电压分布与潮流计算等将产生不可忽视的影响,本文将针对分布式电源的特点进行研究,
分布式电源的接入使得配电系统从放射状无源网络变为分布有中小型电源的有源网络。带来了使单向流动的电流方向具有了不确定性等等问题，使得配电系统的控制和管理变得更加复杂。但同时，分布式电源又具有提高电网可靠性，绿色节能，等等优点，所以为更好的利用分布式电源为人类造福，我们必须对其进行研究与分析。
本文采取通过利用仿真软件Matlab编写计算潮流程序模拟分布式电源接入配电网的模型进行潮流计算的方法对分布式电源的稳态影响进行探索与分析。
选取了9节点的配电网网络模型，通过对单个以及多个分布式电源的接入位置以及容量的不同情况对9节点配电网的网损以及节点电压状况进行了分析。
📚2 运行结果
ans =
1.0e+02 *
1 至 6 列
0.010000000000000 0.040000000000000 0 0.000576000000000 0 2.500000000000000
0.040000000000000 0.050000000000000 0.000170000000000 0.000920000000000 0.001580000000000 2.500000000000000
0.050000000000000 0.060000000000000 0.000390000000000 0.001700000000000 0.003580000000000 1.500000000000000
0.030000000000000 0.060000000000000 0 0.000586000000000 0 3.000000000000000
0.060000000000000 0.070000000000000 0.000119000000000 0.001008000000000 0.002090000000000 1.500000000000000
0.070000000000000 0.080000000000000 0.000085000000000 0.000720000000000 0.001490000000000 2.500000000000000
0.080000000000000 0.020000000000000 0 0.000625000000000 0 2.500000000000000
0.080000000000000 0.090000000000000 0.000320000000000 0.001610000000000 0.003060000000000 2.500000000000000
0.090000000000000 0.040000000000000 0.000100000000000 0.000850000000000 0.001760000000000 2.500000000000000
7 至 12 列
2.500000000000000 2.500000000000000 0 0 0.010000000000000 -3.600000000000000
2.500000000000000 2.500000000000000 0 0 0.010000000000000 -3.600000000000000
1.500000000000000 1.500000000000000 0 0 0.010000000000000 -3.600000000000000
3.000000000000000 3.000000000000000 0 0 0.010000000000000 -3.600000000000000
1.500000000000000 1.500000000000000 0 0 0.010000000000000 -3.600000000000000
2.500000000000000 2.500000000000000 0 0 0.010000000000000 -3.600000000000000
2.500000000000000 2.500000000000000 0 0 0.010000000000000 -3.600000000000000
2.500000000000000 2.500000000000000 0 0 0.010000000000000 -3.600000000000000
2.500000000000000 2.500000000000000 0 0 0.010000000000000 -3.600000000000000
13 列
3.600000000000000
3.600000000000000
3.600000000000000
3.600000000000000
3.600000000000000
3.600000000000000
3.600000000000000
3.600000000000000
3.600000000000000
Newton's method power flow converged in 4 iterations.
Converged in 0.04 seconds
================================================================================
| System Summary |
================================================================================
How many? How much? P (MW) Q (MVAr)
--------------------- ------------------- ------------- -----------------
Buses 9 Total Gen Capacity 0.0 0.0 to 0.0
Generators 2 On-line Capacity 0.0 0.0 to 0.0
Committed Gens 2 Generation (actual) 318.9 40.7
Loads 3 Load 315.0 115.0
Fixed 3 Fixed 315.0 115.0
Dispatchable 0 Dispatchable -0.0 of -0.0 -0.0
Shunts 0 Shunt (inj) -0.0 0.0
Branches 9 Losses (I^2 * Z) 3.93 57.15
Transformers 0 Branch Charging (inj) - 131.4
Inter-ties 0 Total Inter-tie Flow 0.0 0.0
Areas 1
Minimum Maximum
------------------------- --------------------------------
Voltage Magnitude 0.962 p.u. @ bus 9 1.000 p.u. @ bus 1
Voltage Angle -9.70 deg @ bus 5 1.99 deg @ bus 2
P Losses (I^2*R) - 1.19 MW @ line 4-5
Q Losses (I^2*X) - 16.76 MVAr @ line 8-2
================================================================================
| Bus Data |
================================================================================
Bus Voltage Generation Load
# Mag(pu) Ang(deg) P (MW) Q (MVAr) P (MW) Q (MVAr)
----- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
1 1.000 0.000 155.93 24.98 - -
2 1.000 1.987 163.00 15.76 - -
3 0.999 -9.097 - - - -
4 0.990 -5.207 - - - -
5 0.977 -9.705 - - 90.00 30.00
6 0.999 -9.097 - - - -
7 0.982 -8.472 - - 100.00 35.00
8 0.995 -3.887 - - - -
9 0.962 -8.800 - - 125.00 50.00
-------- -------- -------- --------
Total: 318.93 40.73 315.00 115.00
================================================================================
| Branch Data |
================================================================================
Brnch From To From Bus Injection To Bus Injection Loss (I^2 * Z)
# Bus Bus P (MW) Q (MVAr) P (MW) Q (MVAr) P (MW) Q (MVAr)
----- ----- ----- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
1 1 4 155.93 24.98 -155.93 -10.61 0.00000 14.36384
2 4 5 82.70 -6.42 -81.51 -2.44 1.18719 6.42480
3 5 6 -8.49 -27.56 8.57 -7.07 0.07418 0.32335
4 3 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.00000 0.00000
5 6 7 -8.57 7.07 8.61 -27.20 0.04527 0.38345
6 7 8 -108.61 -7.80 109.65 2.03 1.03908 8.80159
7 8 2 -163.00 1.00 163.00 15.76 0.00000 16.76078
8 8 9 53.35 -3.04 -52.38 -21.42 0.96673 4.86387
9 9 4 -72.62 -28.58 73.23 17.04 0.61471 5.22502
-------- --------
Total: 3.92716 57.14670
请输入分布式电源的节点位置，有功与无功大小 bus Pg Qg
DGs2 =
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
请输入DG节点位置的值：5
请输入DG有功大小的值：30
请输入DG无功大小的值：30
DGs1 =
5 30 30
DGs =
1 至 20 列
5 30 30 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
21 列
0
mpc =
包含以下字段的 struct:
version: '2'
baseMVA: 100
bus: [9×13 double]
gen: [3×21 double]
branch: [9×17 double]
et: 0.039999999999999
success: 1
Newton's method power flow converged in 4 iterations.
Converged in 159.03 seconds
================================================================================
| System Summary |
================================================================================
How many? How much? P (MW) Q (MVAr)
--------------------- ------------------- ------------- -----------------
Buses 9 Total Gen Capacity 0.0 0.0 to 0.0
Generators 3 On-line Capacity 0.0 0.0 to 0.0
Committed Gens 3 Generation (actual) 318.3 25.4
Loads 3 Load 315.0 115.0
Fixed 3 Fixed 315.0 115.0
Dispatchable 0 Dispatchable -0.0 of -0.0 -0.0
Shunts 0 Shunt (inj) -0.0 0.0
Branches 9 Losses (I^2 * Z) 3.30 47.95
Transformers 0 Branch Charging (inj) - 137.5
Inter-ties 0 Total Inter-tie Flow 0.0 0.0
Areas 1
Minimum Maximum
------------------------- --------------------------------
Voltage Magnitude 0.976 p.u. @ bus 9 1.027 p.u. @ bus 3
Voltage Angle -7.38 deg @ bus 9 3.70 deg @ bus 2
P Losses (I^2*R) - 1.08 MW @ line 8-9
Q Losses (I^2*X) - 16.61 MVAr @ line 8-2
================================================================================
| Bus Data |
================================================================================
Bus Voltage Generation Load
# Mag(pu) Ang(deg) P (MW) Q (MVAr) P (MW) Q (MVAr)
----- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
1 1.000 0.000 125.30 -5.21 - -
2 1.000 3.700 163.00 0.66 - -
3 1.027 -6.890 - - - -
4 1.006 -4.116 - - - -
5 1.021 -7.249 30.00 30.00 90.00 30.00
6 1.027 -6.890 - - - -
7 1.000 -6.460 - - 100.00 35.00
8 1.005 -2.120 - - - -
9 0.976 -7.377 - - 125.00 50.00
-------- -------- -------- --------
Total: 318.30 25.44 315.00 115.00
================================================================================
| Branch Data |
================================================================================
Brnch From To From Bus Injection To Bus Injection Loss (I^2 * Z)
# Bus Bus P (MW) Q (MVAr) P (MW) Q (MVAr) P (MW) Q (MVAr)
----- ----- ----- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
1 1 4 125.30 -5.21 -125.30 14.27 0.00000 9.05925
2 4 5 56.26 -33.67 -55.62 20.92 0.64303 3.47990
3 5 6 -4.38 -20.92 4.39 -16.57 0.00908 0.03958
4 3 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.00000 0.00000
5 6 7 -4.39 16.57 4.48 -37.28 0.08806 0.74592
6 7 8 -104.48 2.28 105.41 -9.33 0.93583 7.92707
7 8 2 -163.00 15.95 163.00 0.66 0.00000 16.60589
8 8 9 57.59 -6.62 -56.51 -18.00 1.07585 5.41287
9 9 4 -68.49 -32.00 69.04 19.39 0.55051 4.67931
-------- --------
Total: 3.30236 47.94981
>> 部分代码：
function [ref, pv, pq] = bustypes(bus, gen)
%创建参考节点，pq节点和pv节点
[PQ, PV, REF, NONE, BUS_I, BUS_TYPE, PD, QD, GS, BS, BUS_AREA, VM, ...
VA, BASE_KV, ZONE, VMAX, VMIN, LAM_P, LAM_Q, MU_VMAX, MU_VMIN] = idx_bus;
[GEN_BUS, PG, QG, QMAX, QMIN, VG, MBASE, GEN_STATUS, PMAX, PMIN, ...
MU_PMAX, MU_PMIN, MU_QMAX, MU_QMIN, PC1, PC2, QC1MIN, QC1MAX, ...
QC2MIN, QC2MAX, RAMP_AGC, RAMP_10, RAMP_30, RAMP_Q, APF] = idx_gen;
nb = size(bus, 1);
ng = size(gen, 1);
Cg = sparse(gen(:, GEN_BUS), (1:ng)', gen(:, GEN_STATUS) > 0, nb, ng);
bus_gen_status = Cg * ones(ng, 1);
ref = find(bus(:, BUS_TYPE) == REF & bus_gen_status); %% 参考节点索引
pv = find(bus(:, BUS_TYPE) == PV & bus_gen_status); %% PV 节点索引
pq = find(bus(:, BUS_TYPE) == PQ | ~bus_gen_status); %% PQ 节点索引
%% 如果没有合适的参考节点则从新选择
if isempty(ref)
ref = pv(1); %% 选取第一个PV节点
pv = pv(2:length(pv)); %% 将它从pv节点中删除
end
🎉3 参考文献
部分理论来源于网络，如有侵权请联系删除。
[1]杨朔鹏,屈超.分布式电源接入对配电网影响及对策研究[J].科技风,2016(17):180.DOI:10.19392/j.cnki.1671-7341.201617159.
[2]毕格琳. 分布式电源接入对配电网影响的研究[D].山东大学,2019.DOI:10.27272/d.cnki.gshdu.2019.000571.
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