Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality

Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality

Keyword : Cauchy–Schwarz inequality Minkowski inequality Young’s inequality Hölder’s inequality

设$f(x)$在区间$[0,1]$上连续，且$1\le f(x)\le 3$ .证明:
$$1\le {\int }_0^{1}f(x)\mathrm{d}x{\int }_0^1\frac{1}{f(x)}\mathrm{d}x\le \frac{4}{3}$$
Proof: According to Cauchy-Schwarz inequality
$${\int }_0^{1}f(x)\mathrm{d}x{\int }_0^1\frac{1}{f(x)}\mathrm{d}x\ge ({\int }_0^1\mathrm{d}x{)}^2=1$$
because $1\le f(x)\le 3$, then
$$\frac{(f(x)-1)(f(x)-3)}{f(x)}\le 0$$
Opening the brakests ,we reduce
$$f(x)+\frac{3}{f(x)}\le 4$$
and also because
$${\int }_0^{1}f(x)\mathrm{d}x{\int }_0^1\frac{3}{f(x)}\mathrm{d}x\le \frac{1}{4}({\int }_0^{1}f(x)\mathrm{d}x+{\int }_0^1\frac{3}{f(x)}\mathrm{d}x{)}^2$$
then we reduce
$${\int }_0^{1}f(x)\mathrm{d}x{\int }_0^1\frac{1}{f(x)}\mathrm{d}x\le \frac{4}{3}$$
so
$$1\le {\int }_0^{1}f(x)\mathrm{d}x{\int }_0^1\frac{1}{f(x)}\mathrm{d}x\le \frac{4}{3}$$

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Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy%E2%80%93Schwarz_inequality

The inequality for sums was published by Augustin-Louis Cauchy(1821), while the corresponding inequality for integrals was first proved by Viktor Bun-yakovsky (1859) . Later the integral inequality was rediscovered by Hermann Ama-ndus Schwarz (1888).

In Euclidean space $R^n$ with the standard inner product ,the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality is
$$\sum _{k=1}^n(a_k{b}_k{)}^2\le (\sum _{k=1}^n{a}_k^2\left)\right(\sum _{k=1}^n{b}_k^2)$$
The Cauchy–Schwarz inequality can be proved using only ideas from elemen-tary algebra in this case. Consider the following quadratic polynomial in $t$ ,then
$$H(t)=\sum _{k=1}^n(a_{k}t+b_k{)}^2=(a_{1}t+b_1{)}^2+(a_{2}t+b_2{)}^2+\cdots +(a_{n}t+b_n{)}^2\ge 0$$
which is
H ( t ) = ( ∑ k = 1 n a k 2 ) t 2 + 2 ( ∑ k = 1 n a k b k ) t +