yolov5加入注意力机制步骤

yolov5加入注意力机制步骤

1. common.py
2. 、yolo.py
3. .创建自定义的yaml文件
4. 验证加入注意力机制是否正确

总结
yolov5加入注意力机制步骤
1.common.py添加相应条件
2.yolo.py添加判断条件
3.创建属于自己的注意力yaml文件

提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

一、common.py
在common.py中先添加你想添加的注意力模块

class h_sigmoid(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, inplace=True):
        super(h_sigmoid, self).__init__()
        self.relu = nn.ReLU6(inplace=inplace)

    def forward(self, x):
        return self.relu(x + 3) / 6


class h_swish(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, inplace=True):
        super(h_swish, self).__init__()
        self.sigmoid = h_sigmoid(inplace=inplace)

    def forward(self, x):
        return x * self.sigmoid(x)


class CoordAtt(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, inp, oup, reduction=32):
        super(CoordAtt, self).__init__()
        self.pool_h = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((None, 1))
        self.pool_w = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, None))

        mip = max(8, inp // reduction)

        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(inp, mip, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mip)
        self.act = h_swish()

        self.conv_h = nn.Conv2d(mip, oup, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0)
        self.conv_w = nn.Conv2d(mip, oup, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0)

    def forward(self, x):
        identity = x

        n, c, h, w = x.size()
        x_h = self.pool_h(x)
        x_w = self.pool_w(x).permute(0, 1, 3, 2)

        y = torch.cat([x_h, x_w], dim=2)
        y = self.conv1(y)
        y = self.bn1(y)
        y = self.act(y)

        x_h, x_w = torch.split(y, [h, w], dim=2)
        x_w = x_w.permute(0, 1, 3, 2)

        a_h = self.conv_h(x_h).sigmoid()
        a_w = self.conv_w(x_w).sigmoid()

        out = identity * a_w * a_h

        return out


class SELayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, c1, r=16):
        super(SELayer, self).__init__()
        self.avgpool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
        self.l1 = nn.Linear(c1, c1 // r, bias=False)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.l2 = nn.Linear(c1 // r, c1, bias=False)
        self.sig = nn.Sigmoid()

    def forward(self, x):
        b, c, _, _ = x.size()
        y = self.avgpool(x).view(b, c)
        y = self.l1(y)
        y = self.relu(y)
        y = self.l2(y)
        y = self.sig(y)
        y = y.view(b, c, 1, 1)
        return x * y.expand_as(x)


class eca_layer(nn.Module):
    """Constructs a ECA module.
    Args:
        channel: Number of channels of the input feature map
        k_size: Adaptive selection of kernel size
    """

    def __init__(self, channel, k_size=3):
        super(eca_layer, self).__init__()
        self.avg_pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
        self.conv = nn.Conv1d(1, 1, kernel_size=k_size, padding=(k_size - 1) // 2, bias=False)
        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()

    def forward(self, x):
        # feature descriptor on the global spatial information
        y = self.avg_pool(x)

        # Two different branches of ECA module
        y = self.conv(y.squeeze(-1).transpose(-1, -2)).transpose(-1, -2).unsqueeze(-1)

        # Multi-scale information fusion
        y = self.sigmoid(y)
        x = x * y.expand_as(x)

        return x * y.expand_as(x)


class ChannelAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, in_planes, ratio=16):
        super(ChannelAttention, self).__init__()
        self.avg_pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
        self.max_pool = nn.AdaptiveMaxPool2d(1)

        self.f1 = nn.Conv2d(in_planes, in_planes // ratio, 1, bias=False)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU()
        self.f2 = nn.Conv2d(in_planes // ratio, in_planes, 1, bias=False)
        # 写法二,亦可使用顺序容器
        # self.sharedMLP = nn.Sequential(
        # nn.Conv2d(in_planes, in_planes // ratio, 1, bias=False), nn.ReLU(),
        # nn.Conv2d(in_planes // rotio, in_planes, 1, bias=False))

        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()

    def forward(self, x):
        avg_out = self.f2(self.relu(self.f1(self.avg_pool(x))))
        max_out = self.f2(self.relu(self.f1(self.max_pool(x))))
        out = self.sigmoid(avg_out + max_out)
        return out


class SpatialAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, kernel_size=7):
        super(SpatialAttention, self).__init__()

        assert kernel_size in (3, 7), 'kernel size must be 3 or 7'
        padding = 3 if kernel_size == 7 else 1

        self.conv = nn.Conv2d(2, 1, kernel_size, padding=padding, bias=False)
        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()

    def forward(self, x):
        avg_out = torch.mean(x, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        max_out, _ = torch.max(x, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        x = torch.cat([avg_out, max_out], dim=1)
        x = self.conv(x)
        return self.sigmoid(x)


class CBAMC3(nn.Module):
    # CSP Bottleneck with 3 convolutions
    def __init__(self, c1, c2, n=1, shortcut=True, g=1, e=0.5):  # ch_in, ch_out, number, shortcut, groups, expansion
        super(CBAMC3, self).__init__()
        c_ = int(c2 * e)  # hidden channels
        self.cv1 = Conv(c1, c_, 1, 1)
        self.cv2 = Conv(c1, c_, 1, 1)
        self.cv3 = Conv(2 * c_, c2, 1)
        self.m = nn.Sequential(*[Bottleneck(c_, c_, shortcut, g, e=1.0) for _ in range(n)])
        self.channel_attention = ChannelAttention(c2, 16)
        self.spatial_attention = SpatialAttention(7)

        # self.m = nn.Sequential(*[CrossConv(c_, c_, 3, 1, g, 1.0, shortcut) for _ in range(n)])

    def forward(self, x):
        out = self.channel_attention(x) * x
        print('outchannels:{}'.format(out.shape))
        out = self.spatial_attention(out) * out
        return out

二、yolo.py
在def parse_model(d, ch):函数下
在下面代码中增加你想添加的注意力名称

if m in [Conv, GhostConv, Bottleneck, GhostBottleneck, SPP, SPPF, DWConv, MixConv2d, Focus, CrossConv,
         BottleneckCSP, C3, C3TR, C3SPP, C3Ghost]:
    c1, c2 = ch[f], args[0]
    if c2 != no:  # if not output
        c2 = make_divisible(c2 * gw, 8)

添加后为：

if m in [Conv, GhostConv, Bottleneck, GhostBottleneck, SPP, SPPF, DWConv, MixConv2d, Focus, CrossConv,
             BottleneckCSP, C3, C3TR, C3SPP, C3Ghost, CoordAtt]:
        c1, c2 = ch[f], args[0]
        if c2 != no:  # if not output
            c2 = make_divisible(c2 * gw, 8)

三.创建自定义的yaml文件
这里我使用的是yolov5s.yaml为模板，再里面插入了CA注意力机制。注意力机制放置的位置并不是唯一的，需要根据你的数据集来摸索测试，可能别人放这儿涨点了，但是你放这儿没有效果，俗称“玄学”。
CA.yaml代码如下（示例）：

Parameters

nc: 2  # number of classes
depth_multiple: 0.33  # model depth multiple
width_multiple: 0.50  # layer channel multiple
anchors: 3
  - [10,13, 16,30, 33,23]  # P3/8
  - [30,61, 62,45, 59,119]  # P4/16
  - [116,90, 156,198, 373,326]  # P5/32

```python
backbone:
  # [from, number, module, args]
  [[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 6, 2, 2]],  # 0-P1/2
   [-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]],  # 1-P2/4
   [-1, 3, C3, [128]],
   [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]],  # 3-P3/8
   [-1, 6, C3, [256]],
   [-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]],  # 5-P4/16
   [-1, 9, C3, [512]],
   [-1, 1, Conv, [1024, 3, 2]],  # 7-P5/32
   [-1, 3, C3, [1024]],
   [-1, 1, CoordAtt,[1024]],
   [-1, 1, SPPF, [1024, 5]],  # 10
  ]
head:
  [[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
   [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
   [[-1, 6], 1, Concat, [1]],  # cat backbone P4
   [-1, 3, C3, [512, False]],  # 14

   [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
   [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
   [[-1, 4], 1, Concat, [1]],  # cat backbone P3
   [-1, 3, C3, [256, False]],  # 18 (P3/8-small)

   [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]],
   [[-1, 15], 1, Concat, [1]],  # cat head P4
   [-1, 3, C3, [512, False]],  # 21 (P4/16-medium)

   [-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]],
   [[-1, 11], 1, Concat, [1]],  # cat head P5
   [-1, 3, C3, [1024, False]],  # 24 (P5/32-large)

   [[18, 21, 24], 1, Detect, [nc, anchors]],  # Detect(P3, P4, P5)
  ]

这里我把CA模块放在了SPPF前，讲解yaml文件之前我先说一下这个数字代表什么含义。
from列表示输入来源层数，-1表示来自上一层的输出
number表示该层模块堆叠的次数
module为使用模块
arguments表示输入到模块参数，包括输入输出通道数、卷积核大小、步长信息等
修改的注意事项：
重点注意：加入了注意力之后，要修改head里面的Concat的from系数，可以对比yolov5s.yaml里面连接的哪一层来进行修改，最后还要修改Detect层的from系数，相信大家根据和yolov5s.yaml进行对比就知道怎么修改了。
CoordAtt的位置可以换成其他注意力，其他参数不需要调整

四. 验证加入注意力机制是否正确
在yolo.py里面，改为自定义的yaml:

parser.add_argument('--cfg', type=str, default='CA.yaml', help='model.yaml')

然后运行，如果没报错，证明添加正确，若报错，可能的原因再按照上述步骤进行检查，运行如图：

运行可以看到你自定义的网络结构层。

完全参考：
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39740357/article/details/124084158