三种定时器的区别
STM32F1xx系列总共有 八个定时器
两个高级定时器 + 四个通用定时器 + 两个基本定时器
通用定时器的特点描述
1.位于ABP1低速总线上
2.16位向下，向上/向下(中心对齐模式)计数模式，自动重装载计数器(TIMx_CNT)
3.16位可编程(可以实现修改)预分频器(TIMx_PSC),计数器时钟频率的分频系数为1~65535任意数值
4.四个独立通道(TIMx_CH1~4),通道用来支持：
①输入捕获
②输出比较
③PWM生成
④单脉冲模式输出
5.可使用外部信号(TIM_ETR)控制定时器和定时器互连的同步电路。
定时器中断/事件产生 ： （六个独立的IRQ/DMA 请求生成器）
①更新： 计数器向上/向下溢出，计数器初始化(软件或者外部/内部触发)
②触发事件：计数器的启动，停止，初始化或者由内部/外部触发计数
③输入捕获
④输出比较
⑤支持针对定位的增量编码器和霍尔传感器电路
⑥触发输入作为外部时钟或者按周期的电流管理
STM32通用定时器 可以被用于：测量输入信号的脉冲长度(输入捕获)，或者产生输入波形（输出比较和PWM）等。
STM32通用定时器 可以被用于：测量输入信号的脉冲长度(输入捕获)，或者产生输入波形（输出比较和PWM）等。
定时器的预分频器和RCC时钟控制预分频器，脉冲长度和波形周期可以在us到ms之间调整，每个通用定时器都是完全独立，没有互相共享任何内存。
计数器模式
STM32通用定时器 可以向上，向下，向上/向下双向计数模式
① 向上计数模式：计数值从0 计数到自动加载值(TIM_ARR)，产生一个计数溢出事件，然后重新从0开始计数
②向下计数模式：计数器从自动装入的值(TIM_ARR)开始向下计数到0，产生一个计数溢出事件，然后从计数装入值重新开始。
③中央对齐模式：计数器从0开始到（自动装入值-1），产生计数溢出事件，然后向下计数到1，产生定时器溢出事件，然后从0开始计数。
通用定时器工作模式
1.时钟部分： （时钟来源）
①内部时钟APB1倍频器
②外部引脚（通用定时器2,3,4）
③其他定时器
④外部通道
2.时基单元 ：
①预分频（除法）
②计数器时钟
③自动重装载值
3.输入部分：
①输入引脚
②边沿检测
4.输出部分 ：
①输出比较寄存器
周期---重装载值
占空比---比较值
计数器时钟计算方法
除非APB1分频系数为1，否则通用定时器时钟为APB1的两倍
举例：
AHB= 72M
APB1=36M (分频系数为2)
通用定时器时钟为 36 x2= 72M
定时器相关寄存器
1.计数器寄存器CNT ： 当前计数值
2.预分频寄存器 ： 分频系数 (PSC+1) / N = CNT
3.自动重装载寄存器： 重装载值
4.控制寄存器： 控制计数方向
定时器库函数结构体
typedef struct
{
uint16_t TIM_Prescaler; //初始化预分频值
uint16_t TIM_Period; //设定自动装载值
uint16_t TIM_CounterMode; //设定计数模式
uint16_t TIM_ClockDivision; //输入捕获使用
uint8_t TIM_RepetitionCounter; //高级定时器使用
} TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef;
void TIM_TimeBaseInit //定时器初始化
(TIM_TypeDef* TIMx, TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef* TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct);
void TIM_Cmd //定时器使能
(TIM_TypeDef* TIMx, FunctionalState NewState);
FlagStatus TIM_GetFlagStatus //定时器状态标志位
(TIM_TypeDef* TIMx, uint16_t TIM_FLAG);
void TIM_ClearFlag //定时器清楚标志位
(TIM_TypeDef* TIMx, uint16_t TIM_FLAG);
ITStatus TIM_GetITStatus //定时器中断标志位
(TIM_TypeDef* TIMx, uint16_t TIM_IT);
void TIM_ClearITPendingBit //定时器清楚中断标志位
(TIM_TypeDef* TIMx, uint16_t TIM_IT);
定时器中断配置过程
1. 使能时钟 定时器时钟
2. 配置定时器结构体 ，
3.开启定时器中断，配置中断结构体
4.中断服务函数
定时器配置LED每秒闪烁一次
Tout = [ 重装载值(ARR+1) * 分频系数（PSC+1）] /Tclk
Tout = 100000（9999+1) *7200(分频系数 7199+1) /72M(72 000 000)
NVIC相关结构体及函数
NVIC中断优先级嵌套参数配置结构体（misc.h）
typedef struct
{
uint8_t NVIC_IRQChannel;/*设置中断通道（需要去stm32f10x.h中查找） /*!< Specifies the IRQ channel to be enabled or disabled.
This parameter can be a value of @ref IRQn_Type
(For the complete STM32 Devices IRQ Channels list, please
refer to stm32f10x.h file) */
typedef enum IRQn
{
/****** Cortex-M3 Processor Exceptions Numbers ***************************************************/
NonMaskableInt_IRQn = -14, /*!< 2 Non Maskable Interrupt */
MemoryManagement_IRQn = -12, /*!< 4 Cortex-M3 Memory Management Interrupt */
BusFault_IRQn = -11, /*!< 5 Cortex-M3 Bus Fault Interrupt */
UsageFault_IRQn = -10, /*!< 6 Cortex-M3 Usage Fault Interrupt */
SVCall_IRQn = -5, /*!< 11 Cortex-M3 SV Call Interrupt */
DebugMonitor_IRQn = -4, /*!< 12 Cortex-M3 Debug Monitor Interrupt */
PendSV_IRQn = -2, /*!< 14 Cortex-M3 Pend SV Interrupt */
SysTick_IRQn = -1, /*!< 15 Cortex-M3 System Tick Interrupt */
/****** STM32 specific Interrupt Numbers *********************************************************/
WWDG_IRQn = 0, /*!< Window WatchDog Interrupt */
PVD_IRQn = 1, /*!< PVD through EXTI Line detection Interrupt */
TAMPER_IRQn = 2, /*!< Tamper Interrupt */
RTC_IRQn = 3, /*!< RTC global Interrupt */
FLASH_IRQn = 4, /*!< FLASH global Interrupt */
RCC_IRQn = 5, /*!< RCC global Interrupt */
EXTI0_IRQn = 6, /*!< EXTI Line0 Interrupt */
EXTI1_IRQn = 7, /*!< EXTI Line1 Interrupt */
EXTI2_IRQn = 8, /*!< EXTI Line2 Interrupt */
EXTI3_IRQn = 9, /*!< EXTI Line3 Interrupt */
EXTI4_IRQn = 10, /*!< EXTI Line4 Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel1_IRQn = 11, /*!< DMA1 Channel 1 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel2_IRQn = 12, /*!< DMA1 Channel 2 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel3_IRQn = 13, /*!< DMA1 Channel 3 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel4_IRQn = 14, /*!< DMA1 Channel 4 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel5_IRQn = 15, /*!< DMA1 Channel 5 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel6_IRQn = 16, /*!< DMA1 Channel 6 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel7_IRQn = 17, /*!< DMA1 Channel 7 global Interrupt */
#ifdef STM32F10X_LD
ADC1_2_IRQn = 18, /*!< ADC1 and ADC2 global Interrupt */
USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn = 19, /*!< USB Device High Priority or CAN1 TX Interrupts */
USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn = 20, /*!< USB Device Low Priority or CAN1 RX0 Interrupts */
CAN1_RX1_IRQn = 21, /*!< CAN1 RX1 Interrupt */
CAN1_SCE_IRQn = 22, /*!< CAN1 SCE Interrupt */
EXTI9_5_IRQn = 23, /*!< External Line[9:5] Interrupts */
TIM1_BRK_IRQn = 24, /*!< TIM1 Break Interrupt */
TIM1_UP_IRQn = 25, /*!< TIM1 Update Interrupt */
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQn = 26, /*!< TIM1 Trigger and Commutation Interrupt */
TIM1_CC_IRQn = 27, /*!< TIM1 Capture Compare Interrupt */
TIM2_IRQn = 28, /*!< TIM2 global Interrupt */
TIM3_IRQn = 29, /*!< TIM3 global Interrupt */
I2C1_EV_IRQn = 31, /*!< I2C1 Event Interrupt */
I2C1_ER_IRQn = 32, /*!< I2C1 Error Interrupt */
SPI1_IRQn = 35, /*!< SPI1 global Interrupt */
USART1_IRQn = 37, /*!< USART1 global Interrupt */
USART2_IRQn = 38, /*!< USART2 global Interrupt */
EXTI15_10_IRQn = 40, /*!< External Line[15:10] Interrupts */
RTCAlarm_IRQn = 41, /*!< RTC Alarm through EXTI Line Interrupt */
USBWakeUp_IRQn = 42 /*!< USB Device WakeUp from suspend through EXTI Line Interrupt */
#endif /* STM32F10X_LD */
#ifdef STM32F10X_LD_VL
ADC1_IRQn = 18, /*!< ADC1 global Interrupt */
EXTI9_5_IRQn = 23, /*!< External Line[9:5] Interrupts */
TIM1_BRK_TIM15_IRQn = 24, /*!< TIM1 Break and TIM15 Interrupts */
TIM1_UP_TIM16_IRQn = 25, /*!< TIM1 Update and TIM16 Interrupts */
TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM17_IRQn = 26, /*!< TIM1 Trigger and Commutation and TIM17 Interrupt */
TIM1_CC_IRQn = 27, /*!< TIM1 Capture Compare Interrupt */
TIM2_IRQn = 28, /*!< TIM2 global Interrupt */
TIM3_IRQn = 29, /*!< TIM3 global Interrupt */
I2C1_EV_IRQn = 31, /*!< I2C1 Event Interrupt */
I2C1_ER_IRQn = 32, /*!< I2C1 Error Interrupt */
SPI1_IRQn = 35, /*!< SPI1 global Interrupt */
USART1_IRQn = 37, /*!< USART1 global Interrupt */
USART2_IRQn = 38, /*!< USART2 global Interrupt */
EXTI15_10_IRQn = 40, /*!< External Line[15:10] Interrupts */
RTCAlarm_IRQn = 41, /*!< RTC Alarm through EXTI Line Interrupt */
CEC_IRQn = 42, /*!< HDMI-CEC Interrupt */
TIM6_DAC_IRQn = 54, /*!< TIM6 and DAC underrun Interrupt */
TIM7_IRQn = 55 /*!< TIM7 Interrupt */
#endif /* STM32F10X_LD_VL */
#ifdef STM32F10X_MD
ADC1_2_IRQn = 18, /*!< ADC1 and ADC2 global Interrupt */
USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn = 19, /*!< USB Device High Priority or CAN1 TX Interrupts */
USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn = 20, /*!< USB Device Low Priority or CAN1 RX0 Interrupts */
CAN1_RX1_IRQn = 21, /*!< CAN1 RX1 Interrupt */
CAN1_SCE_IRQn = 22, /*!< CAN1 SCE Interrupt */
EXTI9_5_IRQn = 23, /*!< External Line[9:5] Interrupts */
TIM1_BRK_IRQn = 24, /*!< TIM1 Break Interrupt */
TIM1_UP_IRQn = 25, /*!< TIM1 Update Interrupt */
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQn = 26, /*!< TIM1 Trigger and Commutation Interrupt */
TIM1_CC_IRQn = 27, /*!< TIM1 Capture Compare Interrupt */
TIM2_IRQn = 28, /*!< TIM2 global Interrupt */
TIM3_IRQn = 29, /*!< TIM3 global Interrupt */
TIM4_IRQn = 30, /*!< TIM4 global Interrupt */
I2C1_EV_IRQn = 31, /*!< I2C1 Event Interrupt */
I2C1_ER_IRQn = 32, /*!< I2C1 Error Interrupt */
I2C2_EV_IRQn = 33, /*!< I2C2 Event Interrupt */
I2C2_ER_IRQn = 34, /*!< I2C2 Error Interrupt */
SPI1_IRQn = 35, /*!< SPI1 global Interrupt */
SPI2_IRQn = 36, /*!< SPI2 global Interrupt */
USART1_IRQn = 37, /*!< USART1 global Interrupt */
USART2_IRQn = 38, /*!< USART2 global Interrupt */
USART3_IRQn = 39, /*!< USART3 global Interrupt */
EXTI15_10_IRQn = 40, /*!< External Line[15:10] Interrupts */
RTCAlarm_IRQn = 41, /*!< RTC Alarm through EXTI Line Interrupt */
USBWakeUp_IRQn = 42 /*!< USB Device WakeUp from suspend through EXTI Line Interrupt */
#endif /* STM32F10X_MD */
#ifdef STM32F10X_MD_VL
ADC1_IRQn = 18, /*!< ADC1 global Interrupt */
EXTI9_5_IRQn = 23, /*!< External Line[9:5] Interrupts */
TIM1_BRK_TIM15_IRQn = 24, /*!< TIM1 Break and TIM15 Interrupts */
TIM1_UP_TIM16_IRQn = 25, /*!< TIM1 Update and TIM16 Interrupts */
TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM17_IRQn = 26, /*!< TIM1 Trigger and Commutation and TIM17 Interrupt */
TIM1_CC_IRQn = 27, /*!< TIM1 Capture Compare Interrupt */
TIM2_IRQn = 28, /*!< TIM2 global Interrupt */
TIM3_IRQn = 29, /*!< TIM3 global Interrupt */
TIM4_IRQn = 30, /*!< TIM4 global Interrupt */
I2C1_EV_IRQn = 31, /*!< I2C1 Event Interrupt */
I2C1_ER_IRQn = 32, /*!< I2C1 Error Interrupt */
I2C2_EV_IRQn = 33, /*!< I2C2 Event Interrupt */
I2C2_ER_IRQn = 34, /*!< I2C2 Error Interrupt */
SPI1_IRQn = 35, /*!< SPI1 global Interrupt */
SPI2_IRQn = 36, /*!< SPI2 global Interrupt */
USART1_IRQn = 37, /*!< USART1 global Interrupt */
USART2_IRQn = 38, /*!< USART2 global Interrupt */
USART3_IRQn = 39, /*!< USART3 global Interrupt */
EXTI15_10_IRQn = 40, /*!< External Line[15:10] Interrupts */
RTCAlarm_IRQn = 41, /*!< RTC Alarm through EXTI Line Interrupt */
CEC_IRQn = 42, /*!< HDMI-CEC Interrupt */
TIM6_DAC_IRQn = 54, /*!< TIM6 and DAC underrun Interrupt */
TIM7_IRQn = 55 /*!< TIM7 Interrupt */
#endif /* STM32F10X_MD_VL */
#ifdef STM32F10X_HD
ADC1_2_IRQn = 18, /*!< ADC1 and ADC2 global Interrupt */
USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn = 19, /*!< USB Device High Priority or CAN1 TX Interrupts */
USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn = 20, /*!< USB Device Low Priority or CAN1 RX0 Interrupts */
CAN1_RX1_IRQn = 21, /*!< CAN1 RX1 Interrupt */
CAN1_SCE_IRQn = 22, /*!< CAN1 SCE Interrupt */
EXTI9_5_IRQn = 23, /*!< External Line[9:5] Interrupts */
TIM1_BRK_IRQn = 24, /*!< TIM1 Break Interrupt */
TIM1_UP_IRQn = 25, /*!< TIM1 Update Interrupt */
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQn = 26, /*!< TIM1 Trigger and Commutation Interrupt */
TIM1_CC_IRQn = 27, /*!< TIM1 Capture Compare Interrupt */
TIM2_IRQn = 28, /*!< TIM2 global Interrupt */
TIM3_IRQn = 29, /*!< TIM3 global Interrupt */
TIM4_IRQn = 30, /*!< TIM4 global Interrupt */
I2C1_EV_IRQn = 31, /*!< I2C1 Event Interrupt */
I2C1_ER_IRQn = 32, /*!< I2C1 Error Interrupt */
I2C2_EV_IRQn = 33, /*!< I2C2 Event Interrupt */
I2C2_ER_IRQn = 34, /*!< I2C2 Error Interrupt */
SPI1_IRQn = 35, /*!< SPI1 global Interrupt */
SPI2_IRQn = 36, /*!< SPI2 global Interrupt */
USART1_IRQn = 37, /*!< USART1 global Interrupt */
USART2_IRQn = 38, /*!< USART2 global Interrupt */
USART3_IRQn = 39, /*!< USART3 global Interrupt */
EXTI15_10_IRQn = 40, /*!< External Line[15:10] Interrupts */
RTCAlarm_IRQn = 41, /*!< RTC Alarm through EXTI Line Interrupt */
USBWakeUp_IRQn = 42, /*!< USB Device WakeUp from suspend through EXTI Line Interrupt */
TIM8_BRK_IRQn = 43, /*!< TIM8 Break Interrupt */
TIM8_UP_IRQn = 44, /*!< TIM8 Update Interrupt */
TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQn = 45, /*!< TIM8 Trigger and Commutation Interrupt */
TIM8_CC_IRQn = 46, /*!< TIM8 Capture Compare Interrupt */
ADC3_IRQn = 47, /*!< ADC3 global Interrupt */
FSMC_IRQn = 48, /*!< FSMC global Interrupt */
SDIO_IRQn = 49, /*!< SDIO global Interrupt */
TIM5_IRQn = 50, /*!< TIM5 global Interrupt */
SPI3_IRQn = 51, /*!< SPI3 global Interrupt */
UART4_IRQn = 52, /*!< UART4 global Interrupt */
UART5_IRQn = 53, /*!< UART5 global Interrupt */
TIM6_IRQn = 54, /*!< TIM6 global Interrupt */
TIM7_IRQn = 55, /*!< TIM7 global Interrupt */
DMA2_Channel1_IRQn = 56, /*!< DMA2 Channel 1 global Interrupt */
DMA2_Channel2_IRQn = 57, /*!< DMA2 Channel 2 global Interrupt */
DMA2_Channel3_IRQn = 58, /*!< DMA2 Channel 3 global Interrupt */
DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQn = 59 /*!< DMA2 Channel 4 and Channel 5 global Interrupt */
#endif /* STM32F10X_HD */
#ifdef STM32F10X_HD_VL
ADC1_IRQn = 18, /*!< ADC1 global Interrupt */
EXTI9_5_IRQn = 23, /*!< External Line[9:5] Interrupts */
TIM1_BRK_TIM15_IRQn = 24, /*!< TIM1 Break and TIM15 Interrupts */
TIM1_UP_TIM16_IRQn = 25, /*!< TIM1 Update and TIM16 Interrupts */
TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM17_IRQn = 26, /*!< TIM1 Trigger and Commutation and TIM17 Interrupt */
TIM1_CC_IRQn = 27, /*!< TIM1 Capture Compare Interrupt */
TIM2_IRQn = 28, /*!< TIM2 global Interrupt */
TIM3_IRQn = 29, /*!< TIM3 global Interrupt */
TIM4_IRQn = 30, /*!< TIM4 global Interrupt */
I2C1_EV_IRQn = 31, /*!< I2C1 Event Interrupt */
I2C1_ER_IRQn = 32, /*!< I2C1 Error Interrupt */
I2C2_EV_IRQn = 33, /*!< I2C2 Event Interrupt */
I2C2_ER_IRQn = 34
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