UE5.1.1C++从0开始(8.增加血条变化,血量文本变化以及爆炸桶影响血量)

血量文本变化和血条变化应该是一起完成的，widget的更改以及动画效果都在蓝图编辑器内完成，C++主要是写了个自定义事件，然后在蓝图内调用自定义事件。我个人的感觉这个是第一次开始尝试结合蓝图与C++，各位可以自己感受下，效率确实会高很多，同时游戏的响应速度也会比纯蓝图要快那么一点。

SAttributeComponent.h

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "Components/ActorComponent.h"
#include "SAttributeComponent.generated.h"

//增加的宏定义
DECLARE_DYNAMIC_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_FourParams(FOnHealthChange, AActor*,InstigatorActor,USAttributeComponent*,OwingComp,float,NewHealth,float,Delta );

UCLASS( ClassGroup=(Custom), meta=(BlueprintSpawnableComponent) )
class ACTIONROGUELIKE_API USAttributeComponent : public UActorComponent
{
	GENERATED_BODY()



protected:
	UPROPERTY(EditDefaultsOnly, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = "Attributes")
	float Health;

public:	
	// Sets default values for this component's properties
	USAttributeComponent();
	
    //将我们自定义的事件声明出来
	UPROPERTY(BlueprintAssignable)
	FOnHealthChange OnHealthChanged;
public:	

	UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable,Category="Attributes")
	bool ApplyHealthChange(float Delta);

	
		
};

USAttributeComponent.cpp

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.


#include "SAttributeComponent.h"

// Sets default values for this component's properties
USAttributeComponent::USAttributeComponent()
{
	// Set this component to be initialized when the game starts, and to be ticked every frame.  You can turn these features
	// off to improve performance if you don't need them.
	PrimaryComponentTick.bCanEverTick = true;

	// ...
	Health = 100.0f;
}





bool USAttributeComponent::ApplyHealthChange(float Delta)
{
	Health += Delta;

	//多播委托允许您附加多个函数委托，然后通过调用多播委托的"Broadcast()"函数一次性同时执行它们
	//Broadcast():将该委托广播给所有绑定的对象，但可能已过期的对象除外。(官方文档的解释)
	//个人理解：此处作用是调用蓝图内的OnHealthChanged事件
	OnHealthChanged.Broadcast(nullptr,this,Health,Delta);

	return true;
}

这之后就是在用户界面的蓝图编辑器内去写一些基本逻辑。

然后就是爆炸桶爆炸更改血量的功能。由于我并不是按照老师的示例一步一步来的，我在老师讲这个课之前把爆炸桶遇到人物就触发爆炸这点视为bug给修改掉了，也就是增加了一个受击的判定，如果是玩家那么不发生爆炸。

所以，我额外增加了一个SphereComp，我的思路是，玩家在爆炸桶的一定范围内，当爆炸桶发生爆炸的时候，玩家才会扣血，所以我用到了SphereComp的OnComponentBeginOverlap()事件，然后自己写了个OnComponentBeginOverlap()的函数，将其绑定到开始重叠的事件后。这一点更加符合我们对于游戏内一般爆炸桶的认知。主要逻辑是相同的，只不过老师是用蓝图实现的，我们这个文档叫C++系列嘛，所以我用C++写了一遍，最后效果是相同的，给各位做参考。

SExplosiveBarrel.h

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/Actor.h"
#include "SAttributeComponent.h"
#include "SExplosiveBarrel.generated.h"

UCLASS()
class ACTIONROGUELIKE_API ASExplosiveBarrel : public AActor
{
	GENERATED_BODY()

	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere)
	class UStaticMeshComponent* StaticMeshComp;

	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere)
	class URadialForceComponent* RadialComp;
	
    //增加的球形碰撞体组件
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere)
	class USphereComponent* SphereComp;

	//增加一个TArray，考虑到多人游戏的环境
	TArray<USAttributeComponent*> CharacterList;
	
public:	
	// Sets default values for this actor's properties
	ASExplosiveBarrel();

protected:
	// Called when the game starts or when spawned
	virtual void BeginPlay() override;

public:	
	// Called every frame
	virtual void Tick(float DeltaTime) override;



	UFUNCTION()
	void OnComponentHit(UPrimitiveComponent*HitComponent, AActor*OtherActor, UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, FVector NormalImpulse, FHitResult Hit);
	
    //增加的重叠函数
	UFUNCTION()
	void OnComponentBeginOverlap(UPrimitiveComponent* OverlappedComponent, AActor* OtherActor, UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, int32 OtherBodyIndex, bool bFromSweep, const FHitResult& SweepResult);

};

SExplosiveBarrel.cpp

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.


#include "SExplosiveBarrel.h"
#include "PhysicsEngine/RadialForceComponent.h"
#include "Components/StaticMeshComponent.h"
#include "DrawDebugHelpers.h"
#include "SFatherMagicProjectile.h"
#include "SAttributeComponent.h"
#include "Components/SphereComponent.h"
#include "SCharacter.h"

// Sets default values
ASExplosiveBarrel::ASExplosiveBarrel()
{
 	// Set this actor to call Tick() every frame.  You can turn this off to improve performance if you don't need it.
	PrimaryActorTick.bCanEverTick = true;

	FScriptDelegate delegator;
	delegator.BindUFunction(this, STATIC_FUNCTION_FNAME(TEXT("ASExplosiveBarrel::OnComponentHit")));
	
    //创建一个委托并进行函数绑定
	FScriptDelegate OnOverlapBegin;
	OnOverlapBegin.BindUFunction(this, STATIC_FUNCTION_FNAME(TEXT("ASExplosiveBarrel::OnComponentBeginOverlap")));

	StaticMeshComp = CreateDefaultSubobject<UStaticMeshComponent>(TEXT("StaticMeshComp"));
	//StaticMeshComp->OnComponentHit.AddDynamic(this,ASExplosiveBarrel::OnComponentHit());
	StaticMeshComp->OnComponentHit.Add(delegator);
	StaticMeshComp->SetSimulatePhysics(true);
	StaticMeshComp->SetCollisionProfileName("PhysicsActor");
	RootComponent = StaticMeshComp;
	


	RadialComp = CreateDefaultSubobject<URadialForceComponent>(TEXT("RadioComp"));
	RadialComp->SetupAttachment(StaticMeshComp);
	RadialComp->Radius = 500.0f;
	RadialComp->ImpulseStrength = -2000.0f;
	RadialComp->bImpulseVelChange = true;
	RadialComp->bAutoActivate = false;

    //球星碰撞体的初始化
	SphereComp = CreateDefaultSubobject<USphereComponent>(TEXT("SphereComp"));
	SphereComp->SetSphereRadius(500.0f, true);
	SphereComp->OnComponentBeginOverlap.Add(OnOverlapBegin);
	SphereComp->SetupAttachment(StaticMeshComp);

}

// Called when the game starts or when spawned
void ASExplosiveBarrel::BeginPlay()
{
	Super::BeginPlay();
	
}

// Called every frame
void ASExplosiveBarrel::Tick(float DeltaTime)
{
	Super::Tick(DeltaTime);
	

}

//造成伤害的函数，对列表内的每一个玩家造成伤害
void Make_Damage(TArray<USAttributeComponent*> CharacterList)
{
	for (int32 i = 0; i < CharacterList.Num(); i++)
	{
		if (CharacterList[i])
		{
			CharacterList[i]->ApplyHealthChange(-50.0f);
		}
	}
}

void ASExplosiveBarrel::OnComponentHit(UPrimitiveComponent* HitComponent, AActor* OtherActor, UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, FVector NormalImpulse, FHitResult Hit)
{
	//做个判断，碰撞的物体只有魔法子弹才能引爆
	if (Cast<ASFatherMagicProjectile>(OtherActor))
	{
		RadialComp->FireImpulse();

		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("OnActorHit in Explosive Barrel"));

		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Warning, TEXT("OtherActor: %s, at game time :%f"), *GetNameSafe(OtherActor), GetWorld()->TimeSeconds);

		FString CombinedString = FString::Printf(TEXT("Hit at Location:%s"), *Hit.ImpactPoint.ToString());

		DrawDebugString(GetWorld(), Hit.ImpactPoint, CombinedString, nullptr, FColor::Green, 2.0f, true, 1.0f);

		Make_Damage(CharacterList);
	}

	

	
}
//当发生重叠的时候，我们就把玩家的人物加到TArray里头，我这里会用一个TArray是考虑到多人环境下，所有的玩家都会收到影响
void ASExplosiveBarrel::OnComponentBeginOverlap(UPrimitiveComponent* OverlappedComponent, AActor* OtherActor, UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, int32 OtherBodyIndex, bool bFromSweep, const FHitResult& SweepResult)
{
	ASCharacter* Character = Cast<ASCharacter>(OtherActor);
	if (Character)
	{
		UE_LOG(LogTemp, Log, TEXT("Character Added"));
		CharacterList.Add(Cast<USAttributeComponent>(Character->AttributeComp));
	}
	
}

写到这里突然意识到没有设置结束重叠的时候要把玩家指针给从TArray中删除了，不过不是什么大问题，多写一个函数，然后直接用Character.Remove()函数移除掉我们想要移除的那个指针就行了。

此处是widget的蓝图结构：