2021-06-11

一.独热码状态机
代码：module ex8_1(clock,reset,x,y1,y2);
input clock,reset;
input x;
output y1,y2;
reg y1,y2;

reg[3:0] cstate,nstate;

parameter s0=4’b0001,s1=4’b0010,
s2=4’b0100,s3=4’b1000;

always @(posedge clock or posedge reset)
begin
if(reset)
cstate<=s0;
else
cstate<=nstate;
end

always @(cstate or x)
begin
case(cstate)
s0:begin
if(x0)
nstate=s1;
else
nstate=s3;
end
s1:begin
if(x0)
nstate=s2;
else
nstate=s0;
end
s2:begin
if(x0)
nstate=s3;
else
nstate=s1;
end
s3:begin
if(x0)
nstate=s0;
else
nstate=s2;
end
default:nstate=s0;
endcase
end

always @(cstate or x)
begin
case(cstate)
s0:begin
if(x0)
y1=1;
else
y1=0;
end
s1:begin
if(x0)
y1=0;
else
y1=0;
end
s2:begin
if(x0)
y1=0;
else
y1=0;
end
s3:begin
if(x0)
y1=0;
else
y1=1;
end
default:y1=0;
endcase
end

always @(cstate or x)
begin
if(cstates0 && x0)
y2=1;
else if(cstates3 && x1)
y2=1;
else
y2=0;
end

endmodule

module tb_ex81;
reg x,clock,reset;
wire y1,y2;

initial clock=0;
always #5 clock=~clock;

initial
begin
reset=0;
#15 reset=1;
#15 reset=0;
#10000 $stop;
end

initial
begin
#10 x=1;
#500 x=0;
end

ex8_1 myex81(clock,reset,x,y1,y2);

endmodule

二.SR锁存器延迟模型
代码：module my_rs(reset,set,q,qbar);
input reset,set;
output q,qbar;

nor #(1) n1(q,reset,qbar);
nor #(1) n2(qbar,set,q);

endmodule
module tb_71;
reg set,reset;
wire q,qbar;

initial
begin
set<=0;reset<=1;
#10 set<=0;reset<=0;
#10 set<=1;reset<=0;
#10 set<=1;reset<=1;
end

my_rs rs1(reset,set,q,qbar);

initial
m o n i t o r ( monitor(monitor(time,“set= %b,reset= %b,q= %b,qbar= %b”,set,reset,q,qbar);

endmodule

三.移位除法器模型
代码：
module div2(clk, reset, start, A, B, D, R, ok, err);
parameter n = 32;
parameter m = 16;

input clk, reset, start;
input [n-1:0] A, B;
output [n+m-1:0] D;
output [n-1:0] R;
output ok, err;

wire invalid, carry, load, run;

div_ctl UCTL(clk, reset, start, invalid, carry, load, run, err, ok);
div_datapath UDATAPATH(clk, reset, A, B, load, run, invalid, carry, D, R);

endmodule

module div_ctl(clk, reset, start, invalid, carry, load, run, err, ok);
parameter n = 32;
parameter m = 16;
parameter STATE_INIT = 3’b001;
parameter STATE_RUN = 3’b010;
parameter STATE_FINISH = 3’b100;
input clk, reset, start, invalid, carry;
output load, run, err, ok;

reg [2:0] current_state, next_state;
reg [5:0] cnt;
reg load, run, err, ok;

always @(posedge clk or negedge reset)
begin
if(!reset) begin
current_state <= STATE_INIT;
cnt <= 0;
end else begin
current_state <= next_state;
if(run) cnt <= cnt + 1’b1;
end
end

always @(posedge clk or negedge reset)
begin
if(!reset) begin
err <= 0;
end else if(next_state==STATE_RUN) begin
if(invalid) err <= 1;
end
end

always @(current_state or start or invalid or carry or cnt)

begin
load <= 1’b0;
ok <= 1’b0;
run <= 1’b0;

  case(current_state)
     STATE_INIT: begin
        if(start) next_state <= STATE_RUN;
        else next_state <= STATE_INIT;
        load <= 1;
     end
     STATE_RUN : begin
        run <= 1;
        if(invalid) begin
           next_state <= STATE_FINISH;   
        end else if(cnt==(n+m-1)) begin
           next_state <= STATE_FINISH;    
        end else begin
           next_state <= STATE_RUN;
        end
     end
     STATE_FINISH : begin
        ok <= 1;
        next_state <= STATE_FINISH;    
     end
     default : begin
        next_state <= STATE_INIT;    
     end
  endcase

end
endmodule

module div_datapath(clk, reset, A, B, load, run, invalid, carry, D, R);
parameter n = 32;
parameter m = 16;
input clk, reset;
input [n-1:0] A, B;
input load, run;
output invalid, carry;
output [n+m-1:0] D;
output [n-1:0] R;

reg [n+n+m-2:0] R0;
reg [n+m-1:0] D;
reg [n-1:0] B0;
reg carry;

wire invalid;
wire [n-1:0] DIFF, R;
wire CO;

assign R = {carry, R0[n+n+m-2:n+m]};
assign invalid = (B0==0);

sub sub(R0[n+n+m-2:n+m-1], B0, 1’b0, DIFF, CO); //ʵÀý»¯¼õ·¨Æ÷

always @(posedge clk)
begin
if(load) begin //³õʼ½×¶Î
D <= 0;
R0 <= {{(n-1){1’b0}}, A, {m{1’b0}}};
B0 <= B;
carry <= 1’b0;
end
else if(run) begin //½áÊø½×¶Î
if(CO && !carry) begin
R0 <= { R0, 1’b0 };
D <= { D[n+m-2:0], 1’b0 };
carry <= R0[n+n+m-2];
end else begin //µü´ú½×¶Î
R0 <= { DIFF, R0[n+m-2:0], 1’b0 };
D <= { D[n+m-2:0], 1’b1 };
carry <= DIFF[n-1];
end
end
end
endmodule

module sub(A, B, CI, DIFF, CO);
parameter n = 32;
input [n-1:0] A, B;
input CI;
output [n-1:0] DIFF;
output CO;

assign {CO, DIFF} = {1’b0, A} - {1’b0, B} - {{n{1’b0}}, CI};
endmodule

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