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💥1 概述
基于博弈论的微电网调度风、光、储优化调度研究从博弈论的角度出发，探讨了在微电网中利用风能、太阳能和储能电池进行优化调度的方法。具体而言，研究采用了一种基于Python实现的微电网游戏运营模拟器，旨在模拟电力消费者（即玩家）与微电网之间的互动过程，实现对微电网运营的优化调度。在这个模拟器中，参与者能够体验到在微电网系统中利用可再生能源和储能电池的种种挑战与机遇，从而更好地理解和掌握微电网运营的关键因素。
通过这个模拟器，用户可以深入了解微电网系统中各种因素之间的相互影响，包括电力需求、可再生能源的波动性、储能电池的能量储存与释放等。通过参与模拟游戏，用户可以学习到如何在实际运营中调度风能、太阳能和储能电池，以最大程度地提高微电网系统的能源利用效率，降低运营成本，同时确保系统的稳定性和可靠性。这种基于博弈论的研究方法为微电网运营提供了一种新的视角和思路，有助于推动微电网领域的发展与应用。
基于博弈论的计及需求响应微电网(风、光、储能)优化调度研究探讨了在微电网系统中综合考虑风能、太阳能和储能电池的优化调度方法。通过引入博弈论的分析框架，研究旨在研究电力市场参与者之间的策略选择和博弈行为，以实现微电网系统的最优调度和能源利用效率。
在这项研究中，着重考虑了需求响应这一关键因素，将电力消费者的行为和反馈纳入微电网运行模型中。通过优化调度算法和博弈论模型，研究者可以更好地理解不同参与者之间的利益博弈、合作与竞争关系，进而制定出最优的调度策略。这种研究方法不仅能够有效提高微电网系统的整体性能，还可以促进微电网的可持续发展和智能运营。
通过对微电网系统中风能、太阳能和储能电池的协同调度进行深入研究，这项基于博弈论的优化调度研究为未来微电网的发展提供了有益的理论支持和实践指导，有助于推动微电网技术的进步和应用。
基于博弈论的计及需求响应微电网（风、光、储能）优化调度研究文档
一、概述
随着可再生能源并网规模的不断扩大，风力发电和光伏发电的随机性与间歇性对电力系统的安全稳定提出了新的挑战。提高可再生能源的利用率，减少新能源并网对电力系统的冲击成为当前研究的热点问题之一。本研究旨在通过博弈论的方法，探讨微电网中风能、太阳能和储能电池的优化调度策略，并计及需求响应，以实现微电网系统的最优调度和能源利用效率。
二、研究方法
本研究采用了一种基于Python实现的微电网游戏运营模拟器，旨在模拟电力消费者（即玩家）与微电网之间的互动过程，实现对微电网运营的优化调度。模拟器展示了参与者策略对成本节约的影响，为微电网运营提供了新的视角和实践指导。
- 模拟器构建：
- 利用Python编程语言，构建微电网游戏运营模拟器。
- 模拟器中包含风能、太阳能和储能电池等可再生能源和储能设备。
- 参与者能够体验到在微电网系统中利用可再生能源和储能电池的种种挑战与机遇。
- 博弈论分析框架：
- 引入博弈论的分析框架，研究电力市场参与者之间的策略选择和博弈行为。
- 着重考虑需求响应这一关键因素，将电力消费者的行为和反馈纳入微电网运行模型中。
- 通过优化调度算法和博弈论模型，理解不同参与者之间的利益博弈、合作与竞争关系。
- 需求响应：
- 将需求响应纳入传统的优化调度中，提高用户侧的弹性，灵活快速地响应电力系统的需求。
- 通过调整电力消费者的能源消耗量，优化微电网系统的能源利用效率。
三、结论与展望
本研究通过引入博弈论的分析框架，探讨了微电网中风能、太阳能和储能电池的优化调度策略，并计及需求响应。研究结果表明，通过优化调度算法和博弈论模型，可以有效提高微电网系统的能源利用效率，降低运营成本，同时确保系统的稳定性和可靠性。
未来研究可以进一步考虑多种能源资源的协同调度，如电能、天然气、热能、冷能等，并构建更加复杂的博弈模型，以更全面地反映电力市场参与者之间的策略选择和博弈行为。此外，还可以将微电网的优化调度与智能电网、能源互联网等前沿技术相结合，推动微电网领域的持续发展和应用。
📚2 运行结果
Hour 1 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 25.82, Cost Savings ($) = 2.24, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 1 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 29.82, Cost Savings ($) = 1.19, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 1 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 0.00, Wind (kWh) = 19.38
Hour 1 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 1.74
Hour 1 - Total Cost Savings ($): 3.43
Hour 2 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 25.88, Cost Savings ($) = 1.00, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 2 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 26.01, Cost Savings ($) = 1.00, Strategy = compete
Hour 2 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 0.85, Wind (kWh) = 17.59
Hour 2 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 1.83
Hour 2 - Total Cost Savings ($): 2.00
Hour 3 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 26.64, Cost Savings ($) = 1.10, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 3 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 31.45, Cost Savings ($) = 1.30, Strategy = compete
Hour 3 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 3.35, Wind (kWh) = 25.08
Hour 3 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 2.74
Hour 3 - Total Cost Savings ($): 2.40
Hour 4 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 14.56, Cost Savings ($) = 0.60, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 4 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 18.81, Cost Savings ($) = 2.92, Strategy = compete
Hour 4 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 7.32, Wind (kWh) = 5.35
Hour 4 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 1.41
Hour 4 - Total Cost Savings ($): 3.52
Hour 5 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 28.78, Cost Savings ($) = 1.60, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 5 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 24.08, Cost Savings ($) = 0.90, Strategy = compete
Hour 5 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 12.50, Wind (kWh) = 8.22
Hour 5 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 2.01
Hour 5 - Total Cost Savings ($): 2.50
Hour 6 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 21.95, Cost Savings ($) = 0.50, Strategy = compete
Hour 6 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 14.39, Cost Savings ($) = 0.60, Strategy = compete
Hour 6 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 18.53, Wind (kWh) = 12.27
Hour 6 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 2.97
Hour 6 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.10
Hour 7 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 31.86, Cost Savings ($) = 0.70, Strategy = compete
Hour 7 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 26.03, Cost Savings ($) = 1.10, Strategy = compete
Hour 7 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 25.00, Wind (kWh) = 13.14
Hour 7 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 3.73
Hour 7 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.80
Hour 8 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 18.22, Cost Savings ($) = 0.40, Strategy = compete
Hour 8 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 17.26, Cost Savings ($) = 0.70, Strategy = compete
Hour 8 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 31.47, Wind (kWh) = 20.57
Hour 8 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 5.06
Hour 8 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.10
Hour 9 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 22.16, Cost Savings ($) = 0.50, Strategy = compete
Hour 9 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 23.07, Cost Savings ($) = 0.90, Strategy = compete
Hour 9 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 37.50, Wind (kWh) = 5.86
Hour 9 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 4.41
Hour 9 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.40
Hour 10 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 20.21, Cost Savings ($) = 0.50, Strategy = compete
Hour 10 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 18.09, Cost Savings ($) = 0.70, Strategy = compete
Hour 10 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 42.68, Wind (kWh) = 19.27
Hour 10 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 6.02
Hour 10 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.20
Hour 11 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 39.61, Cost Savings ($) = 0.90, Strategy = compete
Hour 11 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 16.54, Cost Savings ($) = 0.60, Strategy = compete
Hour 11 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 46.65, Wind (kWh) = 11.14
Hour 11 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 5.80
Hour 11 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.50
Hour 12 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 34.99, Cost Savings ($) = 1.40, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 12 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 33.57, Cost Savings ($) = 1.30, Strategy = compete
Hour 12 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 49.15, Wind (kWh) = 24.30
Hour 12 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 7.19
Hour 12 - Total Cost Savings ($): 2.70
Hour 13 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 20.43, Cost Savings ($) = 0.40, Strategy = compete
Hour 13 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 25.41, Cost Savings ($) = 1.00, Strategy = compete
Hour 13 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 50.00, Wind (kWh) = 5.68
Hour 13 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 5.73
Hour 13 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.40
Hour 14 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 27.55, Cost Savings ($) = 1.10, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 14 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 18.30, Cost Savings ($) = 0.70, Strategy = compete
Hour 14 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 49.15, Wind (kWh) = 6.35
Hour 14 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 5.57
Hour 14 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.80
Hour 15 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 31.93, Cost Savings ($) = 1.30, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 15 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 25.67, Cost Savings ($) = 0.60, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 15 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 46.65, Wind (kWh) = 22.06
Hour 15 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 6.74
Hour 15 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.90
Hour 16 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 32.24, Cost Savings ($) = 1.30, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 16 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 28.47, Cost Savings ($) = 0.60, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 16 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 42.68, Wind (kWh) = 6.38
Hour 16 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 5.09
Hour 16 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.90
Hour 17 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 19.65, Cost Savings ($) = 1.40, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 17 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 28.45, Cost Savings ($) = 2.20, Strategy = compete
Hour 17 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 37.50, Wind (kWh) = 3.73
Hour 17 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 4.22
Hour 17 - Total Cost Savings ($): 3.60
Hour 18 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 28.72, Cost Savings ($) = 1.40, Strategy = compete
Hour 18 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 31.61, Cost Savings ($) = 2.60, Strategy = compete
Hour 18 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 31.47, Wind (kWh) = 20.41
Hour 18 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 5.09
Hour 18 - Total Cost Savings ($): 4.00
Hour 19 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 30.95, Cost Savings ($) = 2.40, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 19 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 26.24, Cost Savings ($) = 2.20, Strategy = compete
Hour 19 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 25.00, Wind (kWh) = 25.97
Hour 19 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 5.10
Hour 19 - Total Cost Savings ($): 4.60
Hour 20 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 18.60, Cost Savings ($) = 0.70, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 20 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 23.90, Cost Savings ($) = 0.90, Strategy = compete
Hour 20 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 18.53, Wind (kWh) = 17.83
Hour 20 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 3.78
Hour 20 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.60
Hour 21 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 15.24, Cost Savings ($) = 0.60, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 21 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 16.40, Cost Savings ($) = 0.70, Strategy = compete
Hour 21 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 12.50, Wind (kWh) = 23.05
Hour 21 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 3.58
Hour 21 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.30
Hour 22 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 18.77, Cost Savings ($) = 0.70, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 22 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 27.91, Cost Savings ($) = 0.60, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 22 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 7.32, Wind (kWh) = 9.93
Hour 22 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 1.91
Hour 22 - Total Cost Savings ($): 1.30
Hour 23 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 15.85, Cost Savings ($) = 0.60, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 23 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 18.54, Cost Savings ($) = 1.75, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 23 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 3.35, Wind (kWh) = 7.51
Hour 23 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 1.17
Hour 23 - Total Cost Savings ($): 2.35
Hour 24 - Player 1: Demand (kWh) = 22.03, Cost Savings ($) = 1.99, Strategy = cooperate
Hour 24 - Player 2: Demand (kWh) = 22.03, Cost Savings ($) = 1.87, Strategy = compete
Hour 24 - Renewable Generation: Solar (kWh) = 0.85, Wind (kWh) = 14.86
Hour 24 - Battery State of Charge (kWh): 1.53
Hour 24 - Total Cost Savings ($): 3.86
Process finished with exit code 0
部分代码：
# Plotting
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 16))
# Plot 1: Demand Response Strategies Over Time
plt.subplot(4, 2, 1)
for i, player in enumerate(players):
plt.plot(time_steps, strategy_data[i], label=f'Player {player.id}')
plt.title('Demand Response Strategies Over Time')
plt.xlabel('Hour')
plt.ylabel('Cooperate (1) / Compete (0)')
plt.legend()
# Plot 2: Player 1 Electricity Demand Before Demand Response
plt.subplot(4, 2, 2)
plt.plot(time_steps, before_dr_demand_data[0], label=f'Player 1 - Before DR')
plt.plot(time_steps, after_dr_demand_data[0], linestyle='--', label='Player 1 - After DR')
plt.title('Player 1 Electricity Demand Before and After Demand Response')
plt.xlabel('Hour')
plt.ylabel('Demand (kWh)')
plt.legend()
# Plot 3: Player 2 Electricity Demand Before Demand Response
plt.subplot(4, 2, 3)
plt.plot(time_steps, before_dr_demand_data[1], label=f'Player 2 - Before DR')
plt.plot(time_steps, after_dr_demand_data[1], linestyle='--', label='Player 2 - After DR')
plt.title('Player 2 Electricity Demand Before and After Demand Response')
plt.xlabel('Hour')
plt.ylabel('Demand (kWh)')
plt.legend()
# Plot 4: Cumulative Cost Savings Over Time
plt.subplot(4, 2, 4)
# Calculate the total cost savings for both players
grand_total_cost_savings = np.sum(cumulative_cost_savings_data, axis=0)
# Plot the grand total cost savings with a dashed line
plt.plot(time_steps, grand_total_cost_savings, label='Grand Total')
plt.title('Cumulative Cost Savings Over Time')
plt.xlabel('Hour')
plt.ylabel('Cumulative Cost Savings ($)')
plt.legend()
# Plot 5: Renewable Energy Generation Over Time
plt.subplot(4, 2, 5)
plt.plot(time_steps, solar_generation_data, label='Solar')
plt.plot(time_steps, wind_generation_data, label='Wind')
plt.title('Renewable Energy Generation Over Time')
plt.xlabel('Hour')
plt.ylabel('Generation (kWh)')
plt.legend()
# Plot 6: Battery State of Charge Over Time
plt.subplot(4, 2, 6)
plt.plot(time_steps, battery_soc_data)
plt.title('Battery State of Charge Over Time')
plt.xlabel('Hour')
plt.ylabel('State of Charge (kWh)')
plt.show()
# Define the path for saving the figure in the 'Results' subfolder
save_path = "./results/combined_figures.png"
# Save the figure in the 'Results' subfolder
plt.savefig(os.path.join(save_path), bbox_inches='tight')
plt.tight_layout()
🎉3 参考文献
文章中一些内容引自网络，会注明出处或引用为参考文献，难免有未尽之处，如有不妥，请随时联系删除。
[1]张丹丹,童亦斌,金新民,等.计及需求响应的微电网储能优化配置[J].电力电子技术, 2016, 50(11):4.DOI:CNKI:SUN:DLDZ.0.2016-11-036.
[2]马瑞真,张新燕,章攀钊,等.计及需求响应与主从博弈的微电网低碳优化调度[J].现代电子技术, 2023, 46(7):121-127.
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