计算机图形学第一定律：只要看起来是对的，那么他就是对的。
笛卡尔坐标系
弧度和角度的换算
360o = 2
π
\pi
π ，180o =
π
\pi
π 所以
角度转弧度：乘π/180
弧度转角度：乘180/π
360是一个相对随意的选择，因为错用了一年365天的时间
三角函数恒等式
对称相关
s
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sin(-\theta) = -sin(\theta),\quad cos(-\theta) =cos(\theta),\quad tan(-\theta) = -tan(\theta)
sin(−θ)=−sin(θ),cos(−θ)=cos(θ),tan(−θ)=−tan(θ)
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sin(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta) = cos(\theta),\quad cos(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta) =sin(\theta),\quad tan(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta) = -cot(\theta)
sin(2π−θ)=cos(θ),cos(2π−θ)=sin(θ),tan(2π−θ)=−cot(θ)
毕达哥拉斯定理
a
2
+
b
2
=
c
2
a^2+b^2=c^2
a2+b2=c2
也叫勾股定理，两条直角边的平方和等于斜边的平方和。
毕达哥拉斯恒等式
s i n 2 θ + c o s 2 θ = 1 , 1 + t a n 2 θ = s e c 2 θ , 1 + c o t 2 θ = c s c 2 θ sin^2 \theta + cos^2 \theta = 1, \quad 1+tan^2 \theta = sec^2 \theta, \quad 1+cot^2 \theta = csc^2 \theta sin2θ+cos2θ=1,1+tan2θ=sec2θ,1+cot2θ=csc2θ
和差恒等式
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−
c
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s
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sin(a+b)=sin(a)cos(b) + cos(a)sin(b), \quad sin(a-b)=sin(a)cos(b) - cos(a)sin(b)
sin(a+b)=sin(a)cos(b)+cos(a)sin(b),sin(a−b)=sin(a)cos(b)−cos(a)sin(b)
c
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+
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=
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−
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s
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,
c
o
s
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+
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=
c
o
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a
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c
o
s
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+
s
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(
a
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s
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b
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cos(a+b) = cos(a)cos(b)-sin(a)sin(b),\quad cos(a+b) = cos(a)cos(b)+sin(a)sin(b)
cos(a+b)=cos(a)cos(b)−sin(a)sin(b),cos(a+b)=cos(a)cos(b)+sin(a)sin(b)
t
a
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a
+
b
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=
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1
−
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t
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t
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=
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t
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1
+
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t
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tan(a+b)=\frac{tan(a)+tan(b)}{1-tan(a)tan(b)},\quad tan(a-b) = \frac{tan(a)-tan(b)}{1+tan(a)tan(b)}
tan(a+b)=1−tan(a)tan(b)tan(a)+tan(b),tan(a−b)=1+tan(a)tan(b)tan(a)−tan(b)
等腰三角形恒等式（a=b= θ \theta θ）
s
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n
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2
θ
)
=
2
s
i
n
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)
c
o
s
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,
t
a
n
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2
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=
2
t
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1
−
t
a
n
2
(
θ
)
sin(2\theta) = 2sin(\theta)cos(\theta), \quad tan(2\theta)=\frac{2tan(\theta)}{1-tan^2(\theta)}
sin(2θ)=2sin(θ)cos(θ),tan(2θ)=1−tan2(θ)2tan(θ)
c
o
s
(
2
θ
)
=
c
o
s
2
(
θ
)
−
s
i
n
2
(
θ
)
=
2
c
o
s
2
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θ
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−
1
=
1
−
2
s
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n
2
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cos(2\theta)=cos^2(\theta)-sin^2(\theta)=2cos^2(\theta)-1=1-2sin^2(\theta)
cos(2θ)=cos2(θ)−sin2(θ)=2cos2(θ)−1=1−2sin2(θ)
正弦定理
s i n A a = s i n B b = s i n C c \frac{sinA}{a} = \frac{sinB}{b} = \frac{sinC}{c} asinA=bsinB=csinC
余弦定理
a 2 = b 2 + c 2 − 2 b c ∗ c o s A , b 2 = a 2 + c 2 − 2 a c ∗ c o s B , c 2 = a 2 + b 2 − 2 a b ∗ c o s C . a^2 = b^2+c^2-2bc*cosA,\\ b^2 = a^2+c^2-2ac*cosB,\\ c^2=a^2+b^2-2ab*cosC. a2=b2+c2−2bc∗cosA,b2=a2+c2−2ac∗cosB,c2=a2+b2−2ab∗cosC.
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