MISO系统使用 m 个发射天线 N 个码本向量,最大接收信噪比
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ν 的概率分布函数 (公式 5)
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F_\nu(\nu)=(1-(1-\nu)^{m-1})^N
Fν(ν)=(1−(1−ν)m−1)N
该公式的来源参考下面的文献 2 和 3.
公式 13
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\sum\limits_{k = 0}^N {\frac{ {\begin{pmatrix} N \\ k \\ \end{pmatrix}}\left( { - 1} \right)^k}{k\left( {m - 1} \right) + 1}} = NB\left( {N,\frac{m}{m - 1}} \right)
k=0∑Nk(m−1)+1(Nk)(−1)k=NB(N,m−1m)
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B\left( {x,y} \right) = \frac{\Gamma (x)\Gamma (y)}{\Gamma (x + y)}
B(x,y)=Γ(x+y)Γ(x)Γ(y)
公式13推导
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\begin{aligned} N \cdot B\left( {N,\frac{m}{m - 1}} \right) &= N\int_0^1 {t^{\frac{1}{m - 1}}(1 - t)^{N - 1}dt} \\ &= N\int_0^1 {t^{\frac{1}{m - 1}}\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{N - 1} {\left( {{\begin{matrix} {N - 1} \\ k \\ \end{matrix} }} \right)( - 1)^kt^k} dt} \\ & = N\sum\limits_{k = 0}^{N - 1} {\left( {{\begin{matrix} {N - 1} \\ k \\ \end{matrix} }} \right)( - 1)^k\frac{m - 1}{(k + 1)(m - 1) + 1}} \\ &= \sum\limits_{k = 1}^N {\left( {{\begin{matrix} N \\ k \\ \end{matrix} }} \right)( - 1)^{k - 1}\frac{k(m - 1)}{k(m - 1) + 1}} \\ &= \sum\limits_{k = 0}^N {\left( {{\begin{matrix} N \\ k \\ \end{matrix} }} \right)( - 1)^k\frac{1}{k(m - 1) + 1}} \\ \end{aligned}
N⋅B(N,m−1m)=N∫01tm−11(1−t)N−1dt=N∫01tm−11k=0∑N−1(N−1k)(−1)ktkdt=Nk=0∑N−1(N−1k)(−1)k(k+1)(m−1)+1m−1=k=1∑N(Nk)(−1)k−1k(m−1)+1k(m−1)=k=0∑N(Nk)(−1)kk(m−1)+11
公式里的第四个等式是因为
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\begin{aligned} N\begin{pmatrix} {N - 1} \\ k \\ \end{pmatrix} =\begin{pmatrix} {N } \\ k+1 \\ \end{pmatrix}\cdot(k+1) \end{aligned}
N(N−1k)=(Nk+1)⋅(k+1)
公式里的第五个等式是因为
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\begin{aligned} \sum\limits_{k = 1}^N {\left( {{\begin{matrix} N \\ k \\ \end{matrix} }} \right)( - 1)^{k - 1}\frac{k(m - 1)}{k(m - 1) + 1}}&= \sum\limits_{k = 0}^N {\left( {{\begin{matrix} N \\ k \\ \end{matrix} }} \right)( - 1)^{k - 1}\frac{k(m - 1)}{k(m - 1) + 1}}\\ \\&= \sum\limits_{k = 0}^N\begin{pmatrix} N \\ k \\ \end{pmatrix}( - 1)^{k-1}\left(1-\frac{1}{k(m - 1) + 1}\right)\\ \\&= \sum\limits_{k = 0}^N\begin{pmatrix} N \\ k \\ \end{pmatrix}( - 1)^{k}\frac{1}{k(m - 1) + 1}\end{aligned}
k=1∑N(Nk)(−1)k−1k(m−1)+1k(m−1)=k=0∑N(Nk)(−1)k−1k(m−1)+1k(m−1)=k=0∑N(Nk)(−1)k−1(1−k(m−1)+11)=k=0∑N(Nk)(−1)kk(m−1)+11
(其中的第一部分是
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(1−1)N的展开,结果为 0)。
公式(19)
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\begin{aligned}P(\nu||h||_2^2<c)&=\int_0^1f_\nu(\nu)F_h({c\over \nu})d\nu\\ &=\int_0^1F_h({c\over \nu})dF_\nu(\nu)\\ &=\left.F_\nu(\nu)F_h({c\over \nu})\right |_0^1-\int_0^1F_h({c\over \nu})dF_h({c\over \nu})\\ &=\int_0^c f_h(h)dh+\int_0^1F_h({c\over \nu})f_h({c\over \nu}){c\over \nu^2}d\nu\end{aligned}
P(ν∣∣h∣∣22<c)=∫01fν(ν)Fh(νc)dν=∫01Fh(νc)dFν(ν)=Fν(ν)Fh(νc)∣∣∣01−∫01Fh(νc)dFh(νc)=∫0cfh(h)dh+∫01Fh(νc)fh(νc)ν2cdν
在公式(20)中涉及 Whittaker function (https://mathworld.wolfram.com/WhittakerFunction.html)
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W_{k,m}\left ( z \right )=e^{-z/2}z^{m+1/2}U(m-k+1/2,1+2m;z)
Wk,m(z)=e−z/2zm+1/2U(m−k+1/2,1+2m;z)
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W_{k,m}\left ( z \right )=e^{-z/2}z^{m+1/2}{}_1F_1(m-k+1/2,1+2m;z)
Wk,m(z)=e−z/2zm+1/21F1(m−k+1/2,1+2m;z)
Kummer U function 定义如下:
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U(a,b,z)=\frac{1}{\Gamma\left ( a \right )}\int_0^{\infty} e^{-zt}t^{a-1}\left ( 1+t \right )^{b-a-1}dt
U(a,b,z)=Γ(a)1∫0∞e−ztta−1(1+t)b−a−1dt
Ref.
1 Chun kin, On the performance of random vector quantization limited feedback beamforming in a miso system (TWC, 6(2), 2007, 458-462)
2 K. K. Mukkavilli, A. Sabharwal, E. Erkip, and B. Aazhang, “On beamforming with finite rate feedback in multiple-antenna systems,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 49, no. 10, pp. 2562–2579, Oct. 2003.
3 D. J. Love, R. W. Heath, Jr., and T. Strohmer, “Grassmannian beamforming for multiple-input multiple-output wireless systems,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 49, no. 10, pp. 2735–2747, Oct. 2003.