3.opencv-python；cv2库；二值化

ret, dst = cv2.threshold(src, thresh, maxval, type)

• ret : 判断二值化是否成功 布尔类
• dst : 二值化后输出的图像
• src : 输入图像，只能是单通道图像，一般灰度图像
• thresh ： 设定的阈值
• maxval ： 如果超过阈值会被设置为maxvam，一般为255（逻辑1），当像素值超过了阈值（或者小于阈值，根据type来决定），所赋予的值。
• type ： 二值化操作类型，一共分为五种
• - cv2.THRESH_BINARY           超过阈值部分取maxval（最大值），否则取0
• - cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV    THRESH_BINARY的反转
• - cv2.THRESH_TRUNC            大于阈值部分设为阈值，否则不变
• - cv2.THRESH_TOZERO          大于阈值部分不改变，否则设为0
• - cv2.THRESH_TOZERO_INV  THRESH_TOZERO的反转

import cv2 #opencv读取的格式是BGR
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt#Matplotlib是RGB
%matplotlib inline 

img=cv2.imread('lena.jpg')
img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

ret, thresh1 = cv2.threshold(img_gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
ret, thresh2 = cv2.threshold(img_gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)
ret, thresh3 = cv2.threshold(img_gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_TRUNC)
ret, thresh4 = cv2.threshold(img_gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_TOZERO)
ret, thresh5 = cv2.threshold(img_gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_TOZERO_INV)

titles = ['Original Image', 'BINARY', 'BINARY_INV', 'TRUNC', 'TOZERO', 'TOZERO_INV']
images = [img, thresh1, thresh2, thresh3, thresh4, thresh5]

for i in range(6):
    plt.subplot(2, 3, i + 1), plt.imshow(images[i], 'gray')
    plt.title(titles[i])
    plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.show()