protection level (PL)Target integrity risk (TIR)

In any case, if a safety related GNSS output, e.g. a protection level is impacted by faults, either these are to be compensated by increasing the protection level or by setting the protection level to an invalid output which encodes non-tolerable faults (input faults or internal faults). These safety mechanisms and checks must be completed before a safety-related output (e.g. a protection level) is provided.
在任何情况下，如果一个与安全相关的GNSS输出，例如，一个保护级别受到故障的影响，则要么通过增加保护级别进行补偿，要么通过将保护级别设置为一个无效输出进行补偿，该输出对不可容忍的故障(输入故障或内部故障)进行编码。这些安全机制和检查必须在提供安全相关输出(例如，保护级别)之前完成。
Integrity is a measure of trust in GNSS sensor information. GNSS integrity is defined as probability for misleading information which shall not be exceeded.
完整性是对GNSS传感器信息信任的一种度量。GNSS完整性定义为不应超过的误导性信息的概率。（误导性即数据是错误的，但标志是正确的）
Target integrity risk (TIR) is defined as risk of an unacceptably large GNSS error (GNSS error > Limit) without a timely alert or indication in the GNSS output signal. It is expressed as probability P that, at any moment, the GNSS error exceeds a certain defined limit: P(GNSS error > Limit).
目标完整性风险(TIR)被定义为在GNSS输出信号中没有及时警告或指示的情况下，出现不可接受的较大GNSS错误(GNSS错误>限制)的风险。它被表示为概率P，在任何时刻，GNSS误差都超过了一定的定义极限:P(GNSS误差>极限)。
A protection level (PL) is defined as statistical bound on the position error that satisfies the integrity risk. Since the GNSS error cannot be known without knowing the actual position, a bound on this GNSS error is used. An alert is raised when the bound exceeds the alert level. A protection level must satisfy the relation: P(GNSS error > PL) <= TIR.
保护级别(PL)定义为满足完整性风险的位置误差的统计界限。由于在不知道实际位置的情况下无法知道GNSS错误，因此将使用此GNSS错误的边界。当界限超过警戒级别时，将引发警报。保护级别必须满足以下关系:P(GNSS错误> PL) <= TIR。
上面描述即为准确度由各种测试条件下测试统计得到结论；
可靠性（完整性）：由RAIM等算法检测，漏检率<= TIR，对应的位置门限值即为PL;
实质上是位置跳变误差大小检测，而不是绝对误差检测；
The alert limit (AL) is defined as the maximum GNSS error, for which an alert has to be issued, if this limit is exceeded. Alert limits are application dependent and are not implemented on the GNSS Positioning Engine but in the receiving functions.
警报限制(AL)被定义为最大的GNSS错误，如果超过这个限制，就必须发出警报。警报限制依赖于应用程序，不是在GNSS定位引擎上实现的，而是在接收函数中实现的。
The fault detection time interval (time-to-alert) is defined as the maximum allowable time span, starting from that point in time when the GNSS error bounded by a computed protection level, exceeds a defined alert limit (PL > AL) until the point in time at which the the receiving functions enter their safe state, e.g. by not using the GNSS output any longer.
故障检测时间间隔(time-to-alert)被定义为最大允许时间跨度,从时间点当GNSS误差有界的保护水平计算,超过极限定义警报(PL > AL)之前的时间点接收函数输入他们的安全状态,如不再使用GNSS输出。
GNSS availability is defined as fraction of time for which both accuracy and integrity requirements are simultaneously met.
GNSS可用性定义为同时满足准确性和完整性要求的时间片段。
After convergence times have been expired, the respective protection levels of each TIR shall be smaller than the specified horizontal (H) and vertical (V) alarm limits (ALs).

TIR指标考核中，附带了两个前提条件，一是收敛时间，integrity要求越高，收敛时间越长，二是alarm limits;
After the GNSS Positioning Engine has converged, it shall always output horizontal (H) and vertical (V) protection levels for each TIR as specified in table 3. The computed protection levels shall not exceed the specified alarm limits (AL) of the respective GNSS conditions in 990 out of 1000 outputs in sequence. Each computed position protection level shall be developed according to ASIL B / ASIL B(D). driving conditions: V_min=-50km/h, V_max = 210 km/h, |ax|<4m/s², |ay|<4m/s²