一、导言
原始的YOLOv5/v7等目标检测算法在上采样层常常使用最近邻插值，在实际实验过程中，我们还可以采用更多的插值方式等来替换。
bicubic（又称为双三次插值）
双三次插值（Bicubic Interpolation）是一种数字图像处理和计算机图形学中常用的插值算法，用于估计图像中未采样点（即介于已知像素值之间的点）的颜色值。这种插值方法特别适用于图像缩放，尤其是放大操作，因为它能够提供相对平滑和高保真的图像质量。
- 原理：双三次插值基于一个4x4的像素邻域来进行计算，即目标点周围共16个已知像素值。它使用一个4阶多项式来分别对水平和垂直方向进行插值，然后再在这两个方向上进行插值计算得到最终的像素颜色值。这个过程涉及一个复杂的权重计算，其中每个已知像素的价值取决于其与目标点的距离，更靠近目标点的像素会被赋予更高的权重。
- 应用：这种插值方法常用于对图像进行放大或缩小，以显示在更高或更低分辨率的显示设备上。在图像处理软件、打印机驱动程序和数码相机中，也常用此方法对原图像或原图像的某些区域进行放大或缩小。
-
更高的视觉质量：双三次插值是一种更为复杂的插值方法，它考虑了待插值点周围16个像素的值，通过一个4x4的系数矩阵进行加权计算，可以产生更平滑、更自然的图像放大效果。这有助于提升特征图的视觉质量和细节保留，对于目标检测来说，这意味着模型能够获得更高质量的特征表示，从而可能提高检测精度，尤其是在处理具有精细结构的对象时。
-
更好的边缘处理：相较于双线性插值，双三次插值在处理图像边缘和纹理细节上通常表现更佳。它能够生成更锐利的边缘，减少模糊效果，这对于目标检测尤其重要，因为边缘清晰可以帮助模型更准确地区分和定位不同的对象。
-
适合大比例上采样：当需要较大的上采样比率时，双三次插值的优势更为明显。它能够提供比双线性插值更少的失真，保持图像的结构信息，这对于需要大幅度提升特征图分辨率以捕捉更多细节的目标检测场景非常有用。
然而，需要注意的是，双三次插值的这些优势是以增加计算成本为代价的，尤其是在大规模数据集和高时间要求的应用中。因此，在选择上采样方法时，需要权衡精度提升与计算资源消耗之间的关系。
二、示例代码
下面是一个简单的Python演示代码，使用PIL（Python Imaging Library，也常通过其分支Pillow使用）来实现图像的双三次插值放大。Pillow库已经内置了双三次插值的支持，使得实现这一功能变得非常直接。
from PIL import Image
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def display_images(original_path, interpolated_path):
"""
显示原图和处理后的图像。
参数:
original_path - 原始图像文件路径。
interpolated_path - 处理后的图像文件路径。
"""
# 使用matplotlib显示图像
fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(10, 5))
# 加载并显示原图
original_img = Image.open(original_path)
axs[0].imshow(original_img)
axs[0].set_title('Original Image')
axs[0].axis('off') # 关闭坐标轴
# 加载并显示处理后的图像
interpolated_img = Image.open(interpolated_path)
axs[1].imshow(interpolated_img)
axs[1].set_title('Interpolated Image (Bicubic)')
axs[1].axis('off') # 关闭坐标轴
plt.show()
def bicubic_interpolation_example(image_path, output_size):
"""
使用双三次插值放大图像并保存。
参数:
image_path - 图像文件路径。
output_size - 输出图像的尺寸，格式为(width, height)。
"""
# 打开图像
img = Image.open(image_path)
# 使用双三次插值放大图像
resized_img = img.resize(output_size, resample=Image.BICUBIC)
# 转换为RGB模式（去除Alpha通道，因为JPEG不支持透明度）
resized_img = resized_img.convert("RGB")
# 保存处理后的图像
output_path = "test-deal.jpg" # 确保输出文件名正确且为JPEG格式
resized_img.save(output_path)
print(f"双三次插值放大的图像已保存至: {output_path}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 图像路径和期望的输出尺寸
image_path = "test.jpg"
output_size = (600, 600) # 例如，将图像放大到600x600像素
output_path = "test-deal.jpg"
bicubic_interpolation_example(image_path, output_size)
display_images(image_path, output_path)
三、YOLOv7-tiny改进工作
完成二后，在YOLOv7项目文件下的models文件夹下创建新的文件yolov7-tiny-bicubic.yaml，导入如下代码。
# parameters
nc: 80 # number of classes
depth_multiple: 1.0 # model depth multiple
width_multiple: 1.0 # layer channel multiple
# anchors
anchors:
- [10,13, 16,30, 33,23] # P3/8
- [30,61, 62,45, 59,119] # P4/16
- [116,90, 156,198, 373,326] # P5/32
# yolov7-tiny backbone
backbone:
# [from, number, module, args] c2, k=1, s=1, p=None, g=1, act=True
[[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 2, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 0-P1/2
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 2, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 1-P2/4
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [32, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 7
[-1, 1, MP, []], # 8-P3/8
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 14
[-1, 1, MP, []], # 15-P4/16
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 21
[-1, 1, MP, []], # 22-P5/32
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 28
]
# yolov7-tiny head
head:
[[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, SP, [5]],
[-2, 1, SP, [9]],
[-3, 1, SP, [13]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -7], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 37
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]],
[21, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # route backbone P4
[[-1, -2], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 47
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]],
[14, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # route backbone P3
[[-1, -2], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [32, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 57
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, 47], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 65
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, 37], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 73
[57, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[65, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[73, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[74,75,76], 1, IDetect, [nc, anchors]], # Detect(P3, P4, P5)
]
from n params module arguments
0 -1 1 928 models.common.Conv [3, 32, 3, 2, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
1 -1 1 18560 models.common.Conv [32, 64, 3, 2, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
2 -1 1 2112 models.common.Conv [64, 32, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
3 -2 1 2112 models.common.Conv [64, 32, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
4 -1 1 9280 models.common.Conv [32, 32, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
5 -1 1 9280 models.common.Conv [32, 32, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
6 [-1, -2, -3, -4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
7 -1 1 8320 models.common.Conv [128, 64, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
8 -1 1 0 models.common.MP []
9 -1 1 4224 models.common.Conv [64, 64, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
10 -2 1 4224 models.common.Conv [64, 64, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
11 -1 1 36992 models.common.Conv [64, 64, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
12 -1 1 36992 models.common.Conv [64, 64, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
13 [-1, -2, -3, -4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
14 -1 1 33024 models.common.Conv [256, 128, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
15 -1 1 0 models.common.MP []
16 -1 1 16640 models.common.Conv [128, 128, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
17 -2 1 16640 models.common.Conv [128, 128, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
18 -1 1 147712 models.common.Conv [128, 128, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
19 -1 1 147712 models.common.Conv [128, 128, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
20 [-1, -2, -3, -4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
21 -1 1 131584 models.common.Conv [512, 256, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
22 -1 1 0 models.common.MP []
23 -1 1 66048 models.common.Conv [256, 256, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
24 -2 1 66048 models.common.Conv [256, 256, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
25 -1 1 590336 models.common.Conv [256, 256, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
26 -1 1 590336 models.common.Conv [256, 256, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
27 [-1, -2, -3, -4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
28 -1 1 525312 models.common.Conv [1024, 512, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
29 -1 1 131584 models.common.Conv [512, 256, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
30 -2 1 131584 models.common.Conv [512, 256, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
31 -1 1 0 models.common.SP [5]
32 -2 1 0 models.common.SP [9]
33 -3 1 0 models.common.SP [13]
34 [-1, -2, -3, -4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
35 -1 1 262656 models.common.Conv [1024, 256, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
36 [-1, -7] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
37 -1 1 131584 models.common.Conv [512, 256, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
38 -1 1 33024 models.common.Conv [256, 128, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
39 -1 1 0 torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]
40 21 1 33024 models.common.Conv [256, 128, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
41 [-1, -2] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
42 -1 1 16512 models.common.Conv [256, 64, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
43 -2 1 16512 models.common.Conv [256, 64, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
44 -1 1 36992 models.common.Conv [64, 64, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
45 -1 1 36992 models.common.Conv [64, 64, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
46 [-1, -2, -3, -4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
47 -1 1 33024 models.common.Conv [256, 128, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
48 -1 1 8320 models.common.Conv [128, 64, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
49 -1 1 0 torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]
50 14 1 8320 models.common.Conv [128, 64, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
51 [-1, -2] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
52 -1 1 4160 models.common.Conv [128, 32, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
53 -2 1 4160 models.common.Conv [128, 32, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
54 -1 1 9280 models.common.Conv [32, 32, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
55 -1 1 9280 models.common.Conv [32, 32, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
56 [-1, -2, -3, -4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
57 -1 1 8320 models.common.Conv [128, 64, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
58 -1 1 73984 models.common.Conv [64, 128, 3, 2, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
59 [-1, 47] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
60 -1 1 16512 models.common.Conv [256, 64, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
61 -2 1 16512 models.common.Conv [256, 64, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
62 -1 1 36992 models.common.Conv [64, 64, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
63 -1 1 36992 models.common.Conv [64, 64, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
64 [-1, -2, -3, -4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
65 -1 1 33024 models.common.Conv [256, 128, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
66 -1 1 295424 models.common.Conv [128, 256, 3, 2, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
67 [-1, 37] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
68 -1 1 65792 models.common.Conv [512, 128, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
69 -2 1 65792 models.common.Conv [512, 128, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
70 -1 1 147712 models.common.Conv [128, 128, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
71 -1 1 147712 models.common.Conv [128, 128, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
72 [-1, -2, -3, -4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
73 -1 1 131584 models.common.Conv [512, 256, 1, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
74 57 1 73984 models.common.Conv [64, 128, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
75 65 1 295424 models.common.Conv [128, 256, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
76 73 1 1180672 models.common.Conv [256, 512, 3, 1, None, 1, LeakyReLU(negative_slope=0.1)]
77 [74, 75, 76] 1 17132 models.yolo.IDetect [1, [[10, 13, 16, 30, 33, 23], [30, 61, 62, 45, 59, 119], [116, 90, 156, 198, 373, 326]], [128, 256, 512]]
Model Summary: 263 layers, 6014988 parameters, 6014988 gradients, 13.2 GFLOPS运行后若打印出如上文本代表改进成功。
四、YOLOv5s改进工作
完成二后，在YOLOv7项目文件下的models文件夹下创建新的文件yolov5s-bicubic.yaml，导入如下代码。
# Parameters
nc: 80 # number of classes
depth_multiple: 0.33 # model depth multiple
width_multiple: 0.50 # layer channel multiple
anchors:
- [10,13, 16,30, 33,23] # P3/8
- [30,61, 62,45, 59,119] # P4/16
- [116,90, 156,198, 373,326] # P5/32
# YOLOv5 v6.0 backbone
backbone:
# [from, number, module, args]
[[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 6, 2, 2]], # 0-P1/2
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]], # 1-P2/4
[-1, 3, C3, [128]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]], # 3-P3/8
[-1, 6, C3, [256]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]], # 5-P4/16
[-1, 9, C3, [512]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [1024, 3, 2]], # 7-P5/32
[-1, 3, C3, [1024]],
[-1, 1, SPPF, [1024, 5]], # 9
]
# YOLOv5 v6.0 head
head:
[[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]],
[[-1, 6], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat backbone P4
[-1, 3, C3, [512, False]], # 13
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]],
[[-1, 4], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat backbone P3
[-1, 3, C3, [256, False]], # 17 (P3/8-small)
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]],
[[-1, 14], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat head P4
[-1, 3, C3, [512, False]], # 20 (P4/16-medium)
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]],
[[-1, 10], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat head P5
[-1, 3, C3, [1024, False]], # 23 (P5/32-large)
[[17, 20, 23], 1, Detect, [nc, anchors]], # Detect(P3, P4, P5)
]
from n params module arguments
0 -1 1 3520 models.common.Conv [3, 32, 6, 2, 2]
1 -1 1 18560 models.common.Conv [32, 64, 3, 2]
2 -1 1 18816 models.common.C3 [64, 64, 1]
3 -1 1 73984 models.common.Conv [64, 128, 3, 2]
4 -1 2 115712 models.common.C3 [128, 128, 2]
5 -1 1 295424 models.common.Conv [128, 256, 3, 2]
6 -1 3 625152 models.common.C3 [256, 256, 3]
7 -1 1 1180672 models.common.Conv [256, 512, 3, 2]
8 -1 1 1182720 models.common.C3 [512, 512, 1]
9 -1 1 656896 models.common.SPPF [512, 512, 5]
10 -1 1 131584 models.common.Conv [512, 256, 1, 1]
11 -1 1 0 torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]
12 [-1, 6] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
13 -1 1 361984 models.common.C3 [512, 256, 1, False]
14 -1 1 33024 models.common.Conv [256, 128, 1, 1]
15 -1 1 0 torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]
16 [-1, 4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
17 -1 1 90880 models.common.C3 [256, 128, 1, False]
18 -1 1 147712 models.common.Conv [128, 128, 3, 2]
19 [-1, 14] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
20 -1 1 296448 models.common.C3 [256, 256, 1, False]
21 -1 1 590336 models.common.Conv [256, 256, 3, 2]
22 [-1, 10] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
23 -1 1 1182720 models.common.C3 [512, 512, 1, False]
24 [17, 20, 23] 1 16182 models.yolo.Detect [1, [[10, 13, 16, 30, 33, 23], [30, 61, 62, 45, 59, 119], [116, 90, 156, 198, 373, 326]], [128, 256, 512]]
Model Summary: 270 layers, 7022326 parameters, 7022326 gradients, 16.0 GFLOPs运行后若打印出如上文本代表改进成功。
五、YOLOv5n改进工作
完成二后，在YOLOv5项目文件下的models文件夹下创建新的文件yolov5s-bicubic.yaml，导入如下代码。
# Parameters
nc: 80 # number of classes
depth_multiple: 0.33 # model depth multiple
width_multiple: 0.25 # layer channel multiple
anchors:
- [10,13, 16,30, 33,23] # P3/8
- [30,61, 62,45, 59,119] # P4/16
- [116,90, 156,198, 373,326] # P5/32
# YOLOv5 v6.0 backbone
backbone:
# [from, number, module, args]
[[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 6, 2, 2]], # 0-P1/2
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]], # 1-P2/4
[-1, 3, C3, [128]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]], # 3-P3/8
[-1, 6, C3, [256]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]], # 5-P4/16
[-1, 9, C3, [512]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [1024, 3, 2]], # 7-P5/32
[-1, 3, C3, [1024]],
[-1, 1, SPPF, [1024, 5]], # 9
]
# YOLOv5 v6.0 head
head:
[[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]],
[[-1, 6], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat backbone P4
[-1, 3, C3, [512, False]], # 13
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]],
[[-1, 4], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat backbone P3
[-1, 3, C3, [256, False]], # 17 (P3/8-small)
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]],
[[-1, 14], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat head P4
[-1, 3, C3, [512, False]], # 20 (P4/16-medium)
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]],
[[-1, 10], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat head P5
[-1, 3, C3, [1024, False]], # 23 (P5/32-large)
[[17, 20, 23], 1, Detect, [nc, anchors]], # Detect(P3, P4, P5)
]
from n params module arguments
0 -1 1 1760 models.common.Conv [3, 16, 6, 2, 2]
1 -1 1 4672 models.common.Conv [16, 32, 3, 2]
2 -1 1 4800 models.common.C3 [32, 32, 1]
3 -1 1 18560 models.common.Conv [32, 64, 3, 2]
4 -1 2 29184 models.common.C3 [64, 64, 2]
5 -1 1 73984 models.common.Conv [64, 128, 3, 2]
6 -1 3 156928 models.common.C3 [128, 128, 3]
7 -1 1 295424 models.common.Conv [128, 256, 3, 2]
8 -1 1 296448 models.common.C3 [256, 256, 1]
9 -1 1 164608 models.common.SPPF [256, 256, 5]
10 -1 1 33024 models.common.Conv [256, 128, 1, 1]
11 -1 1 0 torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]
12 [-1, 6] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
13 -1 1 90880 models.common.C3 [256, 128, 1, False]
14 -1 1 8320 models.common.Conv [128, 64, 1, 1]
15 -1 1 0 torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample [None, 2, 'bicubic', True]
16 [-1, 4] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
17 -1 1 22912 models.common.C3 [128, 64, 1, False]
18 -1 1 36992 models.common.Conv [64, 64, 3, 2]
19 [-1, 14] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
20 -1 1 74496 models.common.C3 [128, 128, 1, False]
21 -1 1 147712 models.common.Conv [128, 128, 3, 2]
22 [-1, 10] 1 0 models.common.Concat [1]
23 -1 1 296448 models.common.C3 [256, 256, 1, False]
24 [17, 20, 23] 1 8118 models.yolo.Detect [1, [[10, 13, 16, 30, 33, 23], [30, 61, 62, 45, 59, 119], [116, 90, 156, 198, 373, 326]], [64, 128, 256]]
Model Summary: 270 layers, 1765270 parameters, 1765270 gradients, 4.2 GFLOPs运行后打印如上代码说明改进成功。
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