光照贴图

漫反射贴图
使用一张图片覆盖住物体，以便我们为每个原始像素索引独立颜色值。在光照场景中，通过纹理来呈现一个物体的diffuse颜色，这个做法被称做漫反射贴图。
1.修改fragshader中diffuse的类型为 sampler2D，对贴图根据传入的UV坐标进行采样

layout (location = 2) in vec2 aTexcoord;
void main()
{
	...
	texcoord = aTexcoord;
}

in vec2 texcoord;
out vec4 FragColor;

struct Materail
{
	vec3 ambient;
	sampler2D diffuse;
	sampler2D specular;
	float shininess;
};

uniform Materail materail;

 vec3 lightDir = normalize(lightPos-FragPos);
 float diff = max(dot(lightDir,Normal),0);
 vec3 diffuse = texture(materail.diffuse,texcoord).rgb*diff*lightColor;

2.顶点数据增加uv坐标

float vertices[] = {
	// positions          // normals           // texture coords
	-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
	 0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	 0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
	 0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
	-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,

	-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f,
	 0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f,
	 0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 1.0f,
	 0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   1.0f, 1.0f,
	-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 1.0f,
	-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f,

	-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
	-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
	-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,

	 0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	 0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
	 0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	 0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	 0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
	 0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,

	-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	 0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
	 0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	 0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
	-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,

	-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
	 0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
	 0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	 0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
	-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
	-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f
};

//顶点位置属性
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);


//纹理法向量
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float)));
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);

//uv
glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(float), (void*)(6 * sizeof(float)));
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);

3.载入纹理贴图到gpu

unsigned int LoadImageToGpu(const char* filename,GLint internalFormat,GLenum format,int textureSlot)
{
	unsigned int TexBuffer;
	glGenTextures(1, &TexBuffer);
	glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + textureSlot);
	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, TexBuffer);

	int width, height, nrChannel;
	stbi_set_flip_vertically_on_load(true);
	unsigned char *data = stbi_load(filename, &width, &height, &nrChannel, 0);
	if (data)
	{
		glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, internalFormat, width, height, 0, format, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
		glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "load image error" << endl;
	}
	stbi_image_free(data);

	// set the texture wrapping parameters
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);	// set texture wrapping to GL_REPEAT (default wrapping method)
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
	// set texture filtering parameters
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
	return TexBuffer;
}

material.shader->SetUniform1i("material.diffuse", 0);

镜面贴图
一个specular高光的亮度可以通过图片中每个纹理的亮度来获得。specular贴图的每个像素可以显示为一个颜色向量，比如：在那里黑色代表颜色向量vec3(0.0f)，灰色是vec3(0.5f)。在片段着色器中，我们采样相应的颜色值，把它乘以光的specular亮度。像素越“白”，乘积的结果越大，物体的specualr部分越亮。specular贴图和其他纹理一样，所以代码和diffuse贴图的代码也相似。