S32k3 eMios输入捕获(SAIC模式)测量信号周期、频率、占空比

S32K3的PWM输出和输入捕获基本使用方式请参考：
S32K3 eMIOS使用介绍（PWM输出与输入捕获）——基于MCAL

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本文进一步讨论输入捕获的使用，以SAIC（Single Action Input Capture）模式为例

我们使用both edged triggering的方式来触发，即引脚的每一次边沿变化都会产生一个interrupt，AS2寄存器会记录下当前counter bus的值。

EB中上升沿、下降沿、双边沿触发方式的配置如下图：

counter bus可以有多种选择，如图所示：

EB中的配置

其时钟来源为system clock，如图所示

在Master Bus Prescaler中可以对系统时钟分频，最大可以16分频。
比如当前MCU的system clock为120MHz，16分频后则为7.5MHz，也就是说我们图一中的counter bus每产生一个counter所需的时间为7.5M分之一。
可以看到图四中我们设置的Default period为65535，即我们counter bus的一个测量周期的时间为65535乘以7.5M分之一（结果为0.008738s）
根据以上分析，若我们测量一个周期大于8.738ms的方波信号，我们counter bus的采样值就会溢出。而在nxp提供的SW32K3_RTD_4.4_2.0.0这版驱动中，并没有对溢出做处理，nxp的驱动代码如下：

static inline void Emios_Icu_Ip_SignalMeasurementWithSAICMode
(
    const uint8 instance,
    const uint8 hwChannel,
    boolean bOverflow
)
{
    uint16 activePulseWidth;
    uint16 IcuPeriod;
    uint16 Bus_Period;
    eMios_Icu_Ip_MeasType nMeasurement_property = eMios_Icu_Ip_ChState[instance][hwChannel].measurement;
    uint16 IcuTempA = (uint16)Emios_Icu_Ip_GetCaptureRegA(instance, hwChannel);

#ifdef EMIOS_ICU_IP_SIGNAL_MEASUREMENT_USES_SAIC_MODE
    uint16 Previous_Value;
    uint16 Pulse_Width;
#endif /* EMIOS_ICU_IP_SIGNAL_MEASUREMENT_USES_SAIC_MODE */
 
    Emios_Icu_Ip_SetActivation (instance, hwChannel, EMIOS_OPPOSITE_EDGES);

    if (EMIOS_ICU_MEASUREMENT_PENDING == eMios_Icu_Ip_aeInt_Counter[instance][hwChannel])
    {
        /* store the first value */
        eMios_Icu_Ip_u16aTimeStart[instance][hwChannel] = IcuTempA;
        eMios_Icu_Ip_aeInt_Counter[instance][hwChannel] = EMIOS_ICU_MEASUREMENT_DUTY;
    }
    else
    {
        Previous_Value = eMios_Icu_Ip_u16aTimeStart[instance][hwChannel];
        /* if first value is greater than the second value */
        if (IcuTempA < Previous_Value)
        {
            Bus_Period = (uint16)Emios_Icu_Ip_ReadCounterBus(instance, hwChannel);
            Pulse_Width = (Bus_Period - Previous_Value) + IcuTempA + 1U;
        }
        else
        {
            Pulse_Width = IcuTempA - Previous_Value;
        }

        /* HIGH TIME or LOW TIME measurement */
        if ((EMIOS_ICU_HIGH_TIME == nMeasurement_property) ||   \
            (EMIOS_ICU_LOW_TIME == nMeasurement_property)
           )
        {
            activePulseWidth = Pulse_Width;
            /* clear to measure next LOW/HIGH pulse */
            eMios_Icu_Ip_aeInt_Counter[instance][hwChannel] = EMIOS_ICU_MEASUREMENT_PENDING;
            Emios_Icu_Ip_SignalMeasurementStore(instance, hwChannel, activePulseWidth, (uint16)0U, bOverflow);
        }
        /* Duty Cycle */
        else
        {
            /* DUTYCYCLE or PERIOD measurement */
            if (EMIOS_ICU_MEASUREMENT_DUTY == eMios_Icu_Ip_aeInt_Counter[instance][hwChannel])
            {
                eMios_Icu_Ip_u16aCapturedActivePulseWidth[instance][hwChannel] = Pulse_Width;
                eMios_Icu_Ip_aeInt_Counter[instance][hwChannel] = EMIOS_ICU_MEASUREMENT_PERIOD;
                if(eMios_Icu_Ip_ChState[instance][hwChannel].callback != NULL_PTR)
                {
                    eMios_Icu_Ip_ChState[instance][hwChannel].callback(eMios_Icu_Ip_ChState[instance][hwChannel].callbackParam, bOverflow);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                /* eMios_Icu_Ip_aeInt_Counter is for period */
                IcuPeriod = eMios_Icu_Ip_u16aCapturedActivePulseWidth[instance][hwChannel] + Pulse_Width;
                activePulseWidth = eMios_Icu_Ip_u16aCapturedActivePulseWidth[instance][hwChannel];
                
                /* set to Duty to find active pulse width next time */
                eMios_Icu_Ip_aeInt_Counter[instance][hwChannel] = EMIOS_ICU_MEASUREMENT_DUTY;
                if (EMIOS_ICU_DUTY_CYCLE == nMeasurement_property)
                {
                    Emios_Icu_Ip_SignalMeasurementStore(instance, hwChannel, activePulseWidth, IcuPeriod, bOverflow);
                }
                else if (EMIOS_ICU_PERIOD_TIME == nMeasurement_property)
                {
                    Emios_Icu_Ip_SignalMeasurementStore(instance, hwChannel, (uint16)0U, IcuPeriod, bOverflow);
                }
                else
                {
                    /**/
                }
            }
            /* store for next time */
            eMios_Icu_Ip_u16aTimeStart[instance][hwChannel] = IcuTempA;
        }
    }
}
```c
在这里插入代码片

如下图所示：