ThinkPad X1 Extreme隐士 Ubuntu 18.04装机双显卡配置解决方法

0. 双显卡配置

1. ThinkPad X1 Extreme 双显卡配置

集成显卡：Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 630 (Mobile)

独立显卡：NVIDIA Corporation GP107M [GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mobile]

2. 问题描述

ThinkPad X1 BIOS提供两种display选项：Hybrid和Discrete。安装Ubuntu 18.04时需将其设置为Discrete。Ubuntu其他版本没试过，或许也存在该问题。然而安装完成后默认的显卡为NVIDIA独显。打开terminal输入

    $lspci | grep VGA

显示只有一个NVIDIA显卡

    01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP107M [GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mobile] (rev a1)

说明Intel集成显卡并未被加载。该显卡配置方式虽然并不影响正正常使用和开发。但出于硬件资源充分利用的考量，尤其是在模型训练时，让独显及承担display又承担computing的任务，而集显全程睡大觉显然不合理。 因此，如下的GPU分配更为合理：

    Intel UHD Graphics 630 --- Display

    NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti --- Computing

关于这个坑Baidu Google了一大圈，提问的多回复的少，而且回复多只言片语碎片化，索性自己的填吧。如下方法在自己机器上亲测可用，如有细节问题可以自微调一下。

3. 解决方案

a) Change the graphics profile to Intel using the prime-select tool:

    $sudo prime-select intel

If prime-select is not installed, run follow code first.

    $sudo apt install nvidia-prime

    $sudo systemctl disable nvidia-fallback.service

b) X server must have a .conf file somewhere telling it to try out the Intel graphics driver when it’s attempting to set up the display. Put the following in /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf:

    Section "Device"
	        Identifier "Intel Integrated Driver"
	        Driver "intel"
    EndSection

c) Block default discrete GPU while booting by adding

    nouveau.blacklist=1

in /etc/default/grub in the line GRUB_CMD_LINUX_DEFAULT. Or you can run the following code for convenience：

    $sudo sed -i 's/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nouveau.blacklist=1 /g' /etc/default/grub

d) Renew the GRUB config list for booting:

    $sudo update-grub

e) Install bbswitch-dkms

    $sudo apt install bbswitch-dkms)

,and add bbswitch to /etc/modules as below:

    bbswitch load_state=0

f) Blacklist default NVIDIA by appending following into/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

    blacklist nouveau

g) Restart laptop, re-config the display in BIOS while booting, by switching the Display from “Discrete” to “Hybrid”.

h) The Display Graphics of the laptop should be the Intel UHD now. You could check by：

    $lspci | grep VGA

,the result is supposed to be two as below:

    00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 630 (Mobile)
    01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP107M [GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mobile] (rev a1)

, or you can also see from the Details of Settings of the system as below:
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