认识Mat对象
什么是Mat
- 图像文件的内存数据对象
Mat属性
- 图像类型与结构信息
- 获取图像基本信息
int width = img.cols;//宽
int height = img.rows;//长
int ch = img.channels();//通道数
int d = img.depth();//深度
int t = img.type();//类型
Mat对象创建与像素信息访问与遍历
- 创建方式
- 代码示例
//创建 Mat
//创建空白(纯色)对象 创建填充值的 Mat 对象 创建单通道与多通道 Mat 对象
Mat t1 = Mat(256, 256, CV_8UC3);//高度 宽度 通道数
t1 = Scalar(255, 0, 0);//Scalar是标量,赋像素值
imshow("t1", t1);
Mat t2 = Mat(Size(512, 512), CV_8UC3);
t2 = Scalar(255, 0, 255);
imshow("t2", t2);
Mat t3 = Mat::zeros(Size(256, 256), CV_8UC3);
imshow("t3", t3);
//从现有图像创建
Mat t4 = img;//浅拷贝
Mat t5 = img.clone();//深拷贝(常用)
imshow("t5", t5);
Mat t6;
img.copyTo(t6);//深拷贝(常用)
imshow("t6", t6);
Mat t7 = Mat::zeros(Size(img.size()), img.type());//(常用)
imshow("t7", t7);
- 像素信息访问与遍历
主要有两种方式:数组访问 和 基于指针操作访问
基于数组:
int width = img.cols;//宽
int height = img.rows;//长
int ch = img.channels();//通道数
for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
if (ch == 3) {
Vec3b pixel = img.at<Vec3b>(row, col);
int blue = pixel[0];
int green = pixel[1];
int red = pixel[2];
//修改图片像素值
img.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = 255 - blue;
img.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = 255 - green;
img.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = 255 - red;
}
if (ch == 1) {
int pv = img.at<uchar>(row, col);
//修改像素值
img.at<uchar>(row, col) = (255 - pv);
}
}
}
imshow("pixel-Demo1", img);
基于指针:
Mat result = Mat::zeros(Size(img.size()), img.type());
for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
uchar* curr_row = img.ptr<uchar>(row);//创建指针
uchar* result_row = result.ptr<uchar>(row);
for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
if (ch == 3) {
int blue = *curr_row++;
int green = *curr_row++;
int red = *curr_row++;
*result_row++ = blue;
*result_row++ = green;
*result_row++ = red;
}
if (ch == 1) {
int pv = *curr_row++;
*result_row++ = pv;
}
}
}
imshow("pixel-Demo", result);