目录
Distance Along Edges —— stretch(distance)
Bend Across Triangles —— bend(bend)
Cloth —— stretch(distance)、bend(bend)
Hair —— stretch(stretchshear)、bend(bendtwist)
String —— stretch(distance)、bend(angle)
Pin to Target —— stretch(pin)、bend(pinorient)
Attach to Geometry —— stretch(attach)
Stitch —— stretch(stitch/ptprim)
Weld Points—— point(weld)、bend(bend)
Tetrahedral Volume —— stretch(tetvolume)
Tetrahedral Stretch —— stretch(tetarap)
Tetrahedral Fiber —— stretch(tetfiber)
Triangle Stretch —— stretch(triarap)
Shape Match —— stretch(shapematch)
从输入的几何体上,创建约束;
所有材质类型(如布料、毛发、柔体等),都可被描述为一组点间的显式约束;Geometry、Constraint Geometry是一对一对应的关系;此节点可生成几乎所有的约束类型,提供了常见的约束类型预设;
四面体tetrahedral约束类型(tetrahedral stretch/volume/fiber),现在不受mesh的密度、质量、大小等其他参数的变化影响,如改变scale,无需调整参数,即可获得几乎相同的结果;
约束类型
Distance Along Edges —— stretch(distance)
- 将每条边转化为距离约束distance,以维持长度;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig
- compressstiffness、stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
Bend Across Triangles —— bend(bend)
- 为每对三角形创建弯曲约束bend,以维持角度;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig
- stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
Cloth —— stretch(distance)、bend(bend)
- 创建距离约束distance/triarap,弯曲约束bend;
- soft pin时,创建约束pin;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v、layer
- dragnormal、dragtangent
- stopped、gluetoanimation
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig,restvector、matchanimation
- compressstiffness、stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
Hair —— stretch(stretchshear)、bend(bendtwist)
- 创建距离约束stretchshear,弯曲约束bendtwist(包括边的扭曲);
- soft pin时,创建约束pin、pinorient;
- 可breaking,一个primitive是不可断开的,应是多个prim的连接(连接点应fuse);
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
- dragnormal、dragtangent
- w、orient、inertia
- stopped、pintoanimation/gluetoanimation
- branchweld、breakthreshold、breaktype
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig,restvector、matchanimation
- stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
注,卷曲的线,直接增加子步或迭代,对刚性的效果还是有限,可额外添加shape match约束来保持形状;
String —— stretch(distance)、bend(angle)
- 创建距离约束distance,弯曲约束angle,无扭曲约束边可自由旋转,是轻量级的hair约束;
- soft pin时,创建约束pin;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
- dragnormal、dragtangent
- stopped、gluetoanimation
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig,restvector、matchanimation
- compressstiffness、stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
Pin to Target —— stretch(pin)、bend(pinorient)
- 固定指定的点到目标对应点,可在解算器内指定目标(固定到vellum本身动画上);
- 创建约束pin、pinorient;
- 对于hair,stopped的值可能是1或3;
- 可breaking;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
- stopped、pintoanimation/gluetoanimation
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig,restvector、matchanimation
- compressstiffness、stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
breakthreshold、breaktype
注,设置stoppe为0时,pintoanimation/gluetoanimation属性也要相应设置;
Attach to Geometry —— stretch(attach)
- 附着指定的点到几何体,创建距离约束attach、attachnormal(固定到碰撞体动画上);
- 可breaking;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig、restvector
- target_path、target_pt、target_prim/target_uv,restdir,target_group,slidingrate,velblend
- compressstiffness、stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
breakthreshold、breaktype
Stitch —— stretch(stitch/ptprim)
- 缝合点,创建距离约束stitch/ptprim(vellum自身间的连接约束);
- 可breaking;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig、restvector
- target_group、slidingrate
- compressstiffness、stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
breakthreshold、breaktype
Weld Points—— point(weld)、bend(bend)
- 焊接点,本身不是约束,使用weld属性使接缝点逻辑上视为一个点;另外,还会创建弯曲约束bend(vellum自身间的焊接约束);
- 可breaking;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v,weld
- breakthreshold、breaktype
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig
- stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
Glue —— stretch(stitch)
- 搜索周围自身不同pieces间的点,将构建距离约束stitch,以保持在该点粘连(vellum自身不同pieces间的连接约束);
- 可breaking;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig
- compressstiffness、stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
breakthreshold、breaktype
Pressure —— stretch(pressure)
- 创建约束pressure,以维持体积,像气球一样挤压一边另一边就会膨胀;
- 点属性pressurescale可缩放此约束效果,谨慎使用于充气效果(可能会导致不平衡);
- 可breaking;
- 解释器会创建点属性pressuregradient(通常接近法线);
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v、volume
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig、restvector
- compressstiffness、stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
breakthreshold、breaktype
Struts —— stretch(distance)
- 每个点搜索自身一定直线距离的点,构建距离约束distance,类似内部支柱;
- 受压缩后,另一侧不会膨胀,无法保持总体积;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig
- compressstiffness、stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
Tetrahedral Volume —— stretch(tetvolume)
- 将每个四面体转化为约束tetvolume,以维持四面体的体积;
- 不包含任何的shear、stretch约束,需添加额外的距离约束(如Distance Along Edges)以构建合适的柔体;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig
- compressstiffness、stiffnessdropoff/stiffnessdropoffmin
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
Tetrahedral Stretch —— stretch(tetarap)
- 将每个四面体转化为约束,以维持四面体的ARAP(根据指定的刚性移除任何的拉伸或倾斜);
- 如preserve volume,约束还会保持体积;类似于添加了tetrahedral volume约束;
- 增加四面体的数量或密度,可提升整体效果;在tet conform节点后绘制属性;
- 约束tetarapnl/tetarap/tetarapnorm、tetarapnlvol/tetarapvol/tetarapnormvol;
Non-Linear ARAP:适合低刚性,高拉伸;
Linear ARAP:对高刚性,低拉伸更好;
Scale-Invariant ARAP:考虑三角形面积或四面体体积,通常是大多数材质的最佳选择如有机组织皮肤和肌肉;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig、restmatrix、restvector
- compressstiffness
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
Tetrahedral Fiber —— stretch(tetfiber)
- 将每个四面体转化为约束,沿materialW点属性指定的方向展开(如无此属性则为{0,0,1});
- 约束tetfiber/tetfibernorm;
Non-Linear ARAP:适合低刚性,高拉伸;
Linear ARAP:对高刚性,低拉伸更好;
Scale-Invariant ARAP:考虑三角形面积或四面体体积,通常是大多数材质的最佳选择如有机组织皮肤和肌肉;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig、restvector
Triangle Stretch —— stretch(triarap)
- 将每个三角形转化为约束,以维持四面体的ARAP(根据指定的刚性移除任何的拉伸或倾斜);
- 约束triarapnl/triarap/triarapnorm;
Non-Linear ARAP:适合低刚性,高拉伸;
Linear ARAP:对高刚性,低拉伸更好;
Scale-Invariant ARAP:考虑三角形面积或四面体体积,通常是大多数材质的最佳选择如有机组织皮肤和肌肉;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig、restvector
- compressstiffness
plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
Shape Match —— stretch(shapematch)
- 创建可以将点拉回原始形态的约束shapematch,可用于在现有的约束(如cloth)之上添加刚度,或单独创建与其他vellum对象交互的刚性对象,如纽扣;
- 此约束最好与Mass设置为calculate uniform,及一致的尺寸大小(remesh)一起使用;
- 有效的工作流是使用vellum transform pieces节点变换原始模型,还可避免任何小的变形(如在碰撞点或pin处约束失败);
- Vellum Configure Grain Pieces配置会使用到此节点,创建类似刚体的效果;
Geometry
- mass、pscale、v
Constraint Geometry
- rest(point)
- dampingratio、stiffness、type
- restlength、restlengthorig、restvector
- plasticthreshold、plasticrate、plastichardening
注,与其他对象碰撞变形;