matplotlib绘制折线散点条形直方图

目录

导入模块

设置图片大小

设置中文字符

方法一

方法二

折线图

散点图

条形图

多条形图对比展示

直方图

添加描述信息

添加图例

绘制网格

保存及展示

---

导入模块

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib

设置图片大小

20*8，dpi控制分辨率

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)

设置中文字符

方法一

font = {'family' : 'Microsoft YaHei',
           'weight' : 'bold',
           'size' : 'larger'}
matplotlib.rc("font",family='Microsoft YaHei',weight="bold")

方法二

from matplotlib import font_manager
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname='C:\Windows\Fonts\Deng.ttf')

折线图

x = range(2, 26, 2)
y = [15,13,14.5,17,20,25,26,26,24,22,18,15]
plt.plot(x,y,label="xx",color="orange")

#设置坐标轴的刻度
_xticks_labels = [i/2 for i in range(4,49)]
plt.xticks(_xticks_labels[::3],rotation = 90) #每隔三位显示刻度,rotation顺时针90°
plt.yticks(range(min(y),max(y)+1))

散点图

y_3 = [11,17,16,11,12,11,12,6]
y_10 = [26,26,28,19,21,17,16,19]
x_3 = range(1,9)
x_10 = range(12,20)

plt.scatter(x_3,y_3,label="三月份")
plt.scatter(x_10,y_10,label="十月份")

条形图

使用法二中文字符引用法

a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]
b=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]

plt.bar(range(len(a)),b,width=0.3)
plt.xticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties=my_font,rotation=90)

多条形图对比展示

a = ["猩球崛起3：终极之战","敦刻尔克","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","战狼2"]
b_16 = [15746,312,4497,319]
b_15 = [12357,156,2045,168]
b_14 = [2358,399,2358,362]
bar_width = 0.2
x_14 = list(range(len(a)))
x_15 = [i+bar_width for i in x_14]
x_16 = [i+bar_width*2 for i in x_14]

plt.bar(range(len(a)),b_14,width=bar_width,label="9月14日")
plt.bar(x_15,b_15,width=bar_width,label="9月15日")
plt.bar(x_16,b_16,width=bar_width,label="9月16日")

plt.xticks(x_15,a,fontproperties=my_font)
plt.legend(prop=my_font)

直方图

a=[131, 98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115, 99, 136, 126, 134, 95, 138, 117, 111,78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117, 86, 95, 144, 105, 126, 130,126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123, 86, 101, 99, 136,123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140, 83, 110, 102,123,107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144, 83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137, 92,121, 112, 146, 97, 137, 105, 98, 117, 112, 81, 97, 139, 113,134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112, 83, 94, 146, 133, 101,131, 116, 111, 84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,111, 133, 150]
d = 3 #组距
num_bins = (max(a)-min(a))//d #//取整
plt.hist(a,num_bins,density=True)
plt.xticks(range(min(a),max(a)+d,d))

添加描述信息

plt.xlabel("时间")
plt.ylabel("温度 单位℃")
plt.title("10点到12点每分钟的气温变化")

添加图例

可手动设置位置

plt.legend(loc="upper left")

绘制网格

alpha表示透明度

plt.grid(alpha=0.4) 

保存及展示

plt.savefig("./p1.png")
plt.show()