PBRT_V2 总结记录 <10> SPD, SampledSpectrum 和 RGBSpectrum

1. 什么是SPD

（ 波长 对应 多少光 的 分布函数）

electromagnetic radiation:
flux, intensity, irradiance, and radiance. These radiometric quantities are each
described by their spectral power distribution (SPD)—a distribution function of wavelength
that describes the amount of light at each wavelength.

下面是 SPD的一个例子：

Spectral power distributions of a fluorescent light(荧光灯)

 

2.  怎么表示 SPD 

（RGBSpectrum 就直接用RGB来表示，SampledSpectrum 就用 采样点的方式来表示，那就是一段波长范围内，对应多少光）

we’ll introduce two representations that can be used for spectra in pbrt: RGBSpectrum,
which follows the typical computer graphics practice of representing SPDs with coefficients
representing red, green, and blue colors, and SampledSpectrum, which represents
the spectrum as a set of point samples over a range of wavelengths.

 

3.  XYZ COLOR

（这里主要 讲的是，SPD S(λ) 可以通过下面的公式，直接计算出 xλ, yλ, and zλ，这 xλ, yλ, and zλ，其实是可以表示人眼看到的颜色，也就是说，SPD 可以 通过下面的 公式，直接对应一个XYZ 颜色，但是需要注意的是，如果SPD要算术运算，不要直接用XYZ来代替SPD来计算，因为这样不准确，下面有提及，最好的方式是，SPD 自己经过算术运算，再转换为新的XYZ ）

A remarkable property of the human visual system makes it possible to represent colors
for human perception with just three floating-point numbers. The tristimulus theory
of color perception says that all visible SPDs can be accurately represented for human
observers with three values, xλ, yλ, and zλ. Given an SPD S(λ), these values are computed
by integrating its product with the spectral matching curves X(λ), Y (λ), and Z(λ):

 

 

curves X(λ), Y (λ), and Z(λ):

 

These curves were determined by the Commission Internationale de l’E´ clairage (CIE)
standards body after a series of experiments with human test subjects and are graphed in
Figure 5.3. It is believed that these matching curves are generally similar to the responses
of the three types of color-sensitive cones in the human retina. Remarkably, SPDs with
sub