定义:复数
z
=
a
+
b
i
(
a
,
b
∈
R
)
z=a+bi(a,b\in R)
z=a+bi(a,b∈R)的共轭复数记作
z
‾
\overline {z}
z,也就是
z
‾
=
a
−
b
i
\overline {z}=a-bi
z=a−bi
一.共轭复数的性质:
1.
∣
z
∣
=
∣
z
‾
∣
|z|=| \overline z|
∣z∣=∣z∣
2.
z
+
z
‾
=
2
a
,
a
∈
R
z+\overline z=2a,a \in R
z+z=2a,a∈R
3.
z
−
z
‾
=
2
b
i
z-\overline z=2bi
z−z=2bi
4.
z
z
‾
=
∣
z
∣
2
z\overline z=|z|^2
zz=∣z∣2
5.
z
‾
1
+
z
‾
2
=
z
‾
1
+
z
2
\overline z_1+\overline z_2=\overline z_1+z_2
z1+z2=z1+z2
6.
z
‾
1
−
z
‾
2
=
z
‾
1
−
z
2
\overline z_1-\overline z_2=\overline z_1-z_2
z1−z2=z1−z2
7.
z
‾
1
∗
z
‾
2
=
z
‾
1
∗
z
2
\overline z_1*\overline z_2=\overline z_1*z_2
z1∗z2=z1∗z2
8.
z
‾
1
z
‾
2
=
z
1
z
2
‾
\frac {\overline z_1}{\overline z_2}=\overline \frac {z_1} {z_2}
z2z1=z2z1
二.复数模的运算性质
1.
∣
∣
z
1
∣
−
∣
z
2
∣
∣
≤
∣
z
1
±
z
2
∣
≤
∣
z
1
∣
+
∣
z
2
∣
||z_1|-|z_2|| \leq|z_1\pm z_2| \leq|z_1|+|z_2|
∣∣z1∣−∣z2∣∣≤∣z1±z2∣≤∣z1∣+∣z2∣
2.
∣
z
1
∗
z
2
∣
=
∣
z
1
∣
∗
∣
z
2
∣
|z_1*z_2|=|z_1|*|z_2|
∣z1∗z2∣=∣z1∣∗∣z2∣ 推广:
∣
z
n
∣
=
∣
z
∣
n
|z_{n}|=|z|^{n}
∣zn∣=∣z∣n
3.
∣
z
1
z
2
∣
=
∣
z
1
∣
∣
z
2
∣
|\frac {z_1}{z_2}|=\frac {|z_1|}{|z_2|}
∣z2z1∣=∣z2∣∣z1∣