Faster-RCNN模型结构解析

一、网络结构

(论文地址: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1506.01497.pdf
1.backbone:VGG、Resnet、Xception等
2.neck:无
3.head:sparse-prediction
图1
在这里插入图片描述

二、backbone

FasterRcnn对不限制输入图片的尺寸,但是一般会把输入进来的图片短边固定成600,另一边等比例resize。

Resnet50特征提取网络

代码实现

def ResNet50(inputs):

    img_input = inputs

    x = ZeroPadding2D((3, 3))(img_input)
    x = Conv2D(64, (7, 7), strides=(2, 2), name='conv1')(x)
    x = BatchNormalization(name='bn_conv1')(x)
    x = Activation('relu')(x)

    x = MaxPooling2D((3, 3), strides=(2, 2), padding="same")(x)

    x = conv_block(x, 3, [64, 64, 256], stage=2, block='a', strides=(1, 1))
    x = identity_block(x, 3, [64, 64, 256], stage=2, block='b')
    x = identity_block(x, 3, [64, 64, 256], stage=2, block='c')


    x = conv_block(x, 3, [128, 128, 512], stage=3, block='a')
    x = identity_block(x, 3, [128, 128, 512], stage=3, block='b')
    x = identity_block(x, 3, [128, 128, 512], stage=3, block='c')
    x = identity_block(x, 3, [128, 128, 512], stage=3, block='d')

    x = conv_block(x, 3, [256, 256, 1024], stage=4, block='a')
    x = identity_block(x, 3, [256, 256, 1024], stage=4, block='b')
    x = identity_block(x, 3, [256, 256, 1024], stage=4, block='c')
    x = identity_block(x, 3, [256, 256, 1024], stage=4, block='d')
    x = identity_block(x, 3, [256, 256, 1024], stage=4, block='e')
    x = identity_block(x, 3, [256, 256, 1024], stage=4, block='f')

    return x

参数计算

input_shape = (600, 600, 3)        output_shape = (38, 38, 1024)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Layer (type)                    Output Shape         Param #     Connected to                     
==================================================================================================
input_1 (InputLayer)            (None, 600, 600, 3)  0                                            
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
zero_padding2d_1 (ZeroPadding2D (None, 606, 606, 3)  0           input_1[0][0]                    
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
conv1 (Conv2D)                  (None, 300, 300, 64) 9472        zero_padding2d_1[0][0]           
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn_conv1 (BatchNormalization)   (None, 300, 300, 64) 256         conv1[0][0]                      
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_1 (Activation)       (None, 300, 300, 64) 0           bn_conv1[0][0]                   
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
max_pooling2d_1 (MaxPooling2D)  (None, 150, 150, 64) 0           activation_1[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res2a_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 150, 150, 64) 4160        max_pooling2d_1[0][0]            
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn2a_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 150, 150, 64) 256         res2a_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_2 (Activation)       (None, 150, 150, 64) 0           bn2a_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res2a_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 150, 150, 64) 36928       activation_2[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn2a_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 150, 150, 64) 256         res2a_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_3 (Activation)       (None, 150, 150, 64) 0           bn2a_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res2a_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 150, 150, 256 16640       activation_3[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res2a_branch1 (Conv2D)          (None, 150, 150, 256 16640       max_pooling2d_1[0][0]            
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn2a_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 150, 150, 256 1024        res2a_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn2a_branch1 (BatchNormalizatio (None, 150, 150, 256 1024        res2a_branch1[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_1 (Add)                     (None, 150, 150, 256 0           bn2a_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 bn2a_branch1[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_4 (Activation)       (None, 150, 150, 256 0           add_1[0][0]                      
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res2b_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 150, 150, 64) 16448       activation_4[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn2b_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 150, 150, 64) 256         res2b_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_5 (Activation)       (None, 150, 150, 64) 0           bn2b_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res2b_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 150, 150, 64) 36928       activation_5[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn2b_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 150, 150, 64) 256         res2b_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_6 (Activation)       (None, 150, 150, 64) 0           bn2b_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res2b_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 150, 150, 256 16640       activation_6[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn2b_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 150, 150, 256 1024        res2b_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_2 (Add)                     (None, 150, 150, 256 0           bn2b_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 activation_4[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_7 (Activation)       (None, 150, 150, 256 0           add_2[0][0]                      
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res2c_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 150, 150, 64) 16448       activation_7[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn2c_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 150, 150, 64) 256         res2c_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_8 (Activation)       (None, 150, 150, 64) 0           bn2c_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res2c_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 150, 150, 64) 36928       activation_8[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn2c_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 150, 150, 64) 256         res2c_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_9 (Activation)       (None, 150, 150, 64) 0           bn2c_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res2c_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 150, 150, 256 16640       activation_9[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn2c_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 150, 150, 256 1024        res2c_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_3 (Add)                     (None, 150, 150, 256 0           bn2c_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 activation_7[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_10 (Activation)      (None, 150, 150, 256 0           add_3[0][0]                      
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3a_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 128)  32896       activation_10[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3a_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 128)  512         res3a_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_11 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 128)  0           bn3a_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3a_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 128)  147584      activation_11[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3a_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 128)  512         res3a_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_12 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 128)  0           bn3a_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3a_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 512)  66048       activation_12[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3a_branch1 (Conv2D)          (None, 75, 75, 512)  131584      activation_10[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3a_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 512)  2048        res3a_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3a_branch1 (BatchNormalizatio (None, 75, 75, 512)  2048        res3a_branch1[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_4 (Add)                     (None, 75, 75, 512)  0           bn3a_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 bn3a_branch1[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_13 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 512)  0           add_4[0][0]                      
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3b_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 128)  65664       activation_13[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3b_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 128)  512         res3b_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_14 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 128)  0           bn3b_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3b_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 128)  147584      activation_14[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3b_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 128)  512         res3b_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_15 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 128)  0           bn3b_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3b_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 512)  66048       activation_15[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3b_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 512)  2048        res3b_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_5 (Add)                     (None, 75, 75, 512)  0           bn3b_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 activation_13[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_16 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 512)  0           add_5[0][0]                      
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3c_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 128)  65664       activation_16[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3c_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 128)  512         res3c_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_17 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 128)  0           bn3c_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3c_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 128)  147584      activation_17[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3c_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 128)  512         res3c_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_18 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 128)  0           bn3c_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3c_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 512)  66048       activation_18[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3c_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 512)  2048        res3c_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_6 (Add)                     (None, 75, 75, 512)  0           bn3c_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 activation_16[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_19 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 512)  0           add_6[0][0]                      
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3d_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 128)  65664       activation_19[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3d_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 128)  512         res3d_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_20 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 128)  0           bn3d_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3d_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 128)  147584      activation_20[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3d_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 128)  512         res3d_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_21 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 128)  0           bn3d_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res3d_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 75, 75, 512)  66048       activation_21[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn3d_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 75, 75, 512)  2048        res3d_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_7 (Add)                     (None, 75, 75, 512)  0           bn3d_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 activation_19[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_22 (Activation)      (None, 75, 75, 512)  0           add_7[0][0]                      
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4a_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  131328      activation_22[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4a_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4a_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_23 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4a_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4a_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  590080      activation_23[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4a_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4a_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_24 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4a_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4a_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 1024) 263168      activation_24[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4a_branch1 (Conv2D)          (None, 38, 38, 1024) 525312      activation_22[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4a_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 1024) 4096        res4a_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4a_branch1 (BatchNormalizatio (None, 38, 38, 1024) 4096        res4a_branch1[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_8 (Add)                     (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           bn4a_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 bn4a_branch1[0][0]               
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_25 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           add_8[0][0]                      
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4b_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  262400      activation_25[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4b_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4b_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_26 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4b_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4b_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  590080      activation_26[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4b_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4b_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_27 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4b_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4b_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 1024) 263168      activation_27[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4b_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 1024) 4096        res4b_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_9 (Add)                     (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           bn4b_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 activation_25[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_28 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           add_9[0][0]                      
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4c_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  262400      activation_28[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4c_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4c_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_29 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4c_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4c_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  590080      activation_29[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4c_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4c_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_30 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4c_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4c_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 1024) 263168      activation_30[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4c_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 1024) 4096        res4c_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_10 (Add)                    (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           bn4c_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 activation_28[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_31 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           add_10[0][0]                     
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4d_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  262400      activation_31[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4d_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4d_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_32 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4d_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4d_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  590080      activation_32[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4d_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4d_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_33 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4d_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4d_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 1024) 263168      activation_33[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4d_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 1024) 4096        res4d_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_11 (Add)                    (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           bn4d_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 activation_31[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_34 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           add_11[0][0]                     
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4e_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  262400      activation_34[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4e_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4e_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_35 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4e_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4e_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  590080      activation_35[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4e_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4e_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_36 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4e_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4e_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 1024) 263168      activation_36[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4e_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 1024) 4096        res4e_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_12 (Add)                    (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           bn4e_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 activation_34[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_37 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           add_12[0][0]                     
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4f_branch2a (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  262400      activation_37[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4f_branch2a (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4f_branch2a[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_38 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4f_branch2a[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4f_branch2b (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 256)  590080      activation_38[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4f_branch2b (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 256)  1024        res4f_branch2b[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_39 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 256)  0           bn4f_branch2b[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
res4f_branch2c (Conv2D)         (None, 38, 38, 1024) 263168      activation_39[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn4f_branch2c (BatchNormalizati (None, 38, 38, 1024) 4096        res4f_branch2c[0][0]             
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
add_13 (Add)                    (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           bn4f_branch2c[0][0]              
                                                                 activation_37[0][0]              
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
activation_40 (Activation)      (None, 38, 38, 1024) 0           add_13[0][0]                     
==================================================================================================
Total params: 8,589,184
Trainable params: 8,528,000
Non-trainable params: 61,184
__________________________________________________________________________________________________

三、RPN

600x600的图片经过特征提取获取共享特征层后,feature maps的先验框数量为38x38x9=12996个,这些先验框会经过两路卷积,分别是9x2的分类卷积(判断获得的先验框是否包含物体)和9x4的回归卷积(对这些先验框进行调整,获得一个新box),目的是为了获取包含obj的建议框,即对图片中哪块区域有物体进行初步筛选。
在这里插入图片描述

def get_rpn(base_layers, num_anchors):
    x = Conv2D(512, (3, 3), padding='same', activation='relu', kernel_initializer='normal', name='rpn_conv1')(base_layers)

    x_class = Conv2D(num_anchors, (1, 1), activation='sigmoid', kernel_initializer='uniform', name='rpn_out_class')(x)
    x_regr = Conv2D(num_anchors * 4, (1, 1), activation='linear', kernel_initializer='zero', name='rpn_out_regress')(x)
    
    x_class = Reshape((-1,1),name="classification")(x_class)
    x_regr = Reshape((-1,4),name="regression")(x_regr)
    return [x_class, x_regr, base_layers]

三、RoiPooling

作用就是将一个个不同大小的region proposals从feature maps上抠出来,进行池化,输出到固定大小的矩形框。
1.对38x38x1024的fearure maps的建议框按数量每次次默认为32输入roipooling;
2.将每批次的建议框resize至(32,14,14,1024)的尺寸;
———————————————————————
3.通过一次Conv Block stride=2压缩至(32,7,7,2048);
4.通过两次Identity Block加深至(32,7,7,2048);
5.通过AveragePooling2D kernel=7压缩至(32,1,1,2048);
6.Flatten至(32,2048);
7.Dense(32, num_classes)和Dense(32, (num_classes-1)x4).

四、Loss

loss = rpn_cls + rpn_reg + roi_cls + roi_reg

其中:
rpn_cls判断有无目标
rpn_reg对anchor box进行微调
roi_cls判断目标类别
roi_reg对目标box位置精调

reg损失函数使用了soomth L1 Loss(0点附近更加平滑);cls损失函数使用了cross entropy。

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