STM32固件库使用USART

1.USART的配置

(1)关键结构体

GPIO_InitTypeDef
USART_InitTypeDef 
NVIC_InitTypeDef//用于接收的中断

1.1USART的TX在PA9,RX在PA10.

2.时钟线

2.1 USART时钟挂载在APB2上

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);//配时钟

3.代码段

3.1(单发送)

void usart_init(void){
	GPIO_InitTypeDef gpio_initStructure;
	USART_InitTypeDef  usart_initStructure;
	
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);//配时钟

	//配置usart的pa9 TX
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Mode   = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Pin    = GPIO_Pin_9;
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Speed  = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init( GPIOA,&gpio_initStructure);

		//配置usart的pa10 RX  receive
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Mode   = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Pin    = GPIO_Pin_10;
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Speed  = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	
	usart_initStructure.USART_BaudRate             = 115200;
	usart_initStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl  = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
	usart_initStructure.USART_Mode                 = USART_Mode_Rx  | USART_Mode_Tx;
	usart_initStructure.USART_Parity               = USART_Parity_No;
	usart_initStructure.USART_StopBits             = USART_StopBits_1;
	usart_initStructure.USART_WordLength           = USART_WordLength_8b;
	
	USART_Init(USART1, &usart_initStructure);//初始化所使用的串口外设
	USART_Cmd( USART1, ENABLE);//使能或者失能USART外设
	
}
//发送字符
void USARTSendByte(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, uint16_t Data)
{
	USART_SendData(USARTx, Data);
	while( USART_GetFlagStatus( USARTx, USART_FLAG_TXE)==RESET);
}
//发送字符串
void USARTSendstr(USART_TypeDef* USARTx,char *str)
{
	uint16_t i=0;
	do{
		USARTSendByte(USARTx,*(str+i));
		i++;
	}
	while(*(str+i)!='\0');
	while(USART_GetFlagStatus( USARTx, USART_FLAG_TC)==RESET);
}
//重定义发送让32可以用stdio库
int fputc(int ch,FILE *f){
	USART_SendData(USART1,(uint8_t)ch);//ch是传入参数,int强制转化为uint防止出现其他现象
	while( USART_GetFlagStatus( USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE)==RESET);
	return ch;
	
}

3.2 添加接收中断

NVIC_InitTypeDef   NVICinitStructure;
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);//设置优先级分别组

USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
//USART_IT_RXNE标志位检测，为接收中断标志位，也就是说，串口一接收到数据，这两个标志位都会被置位。

NVICinitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel                             = USART1_IRQn;//在f10x.h里面
NVICinitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd                          = ENABLE;
NVICinitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority           = 1;
NVICinitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority                  = 1;
NVIC_Init(&NVICinitStructure);

3.3全部代码

#include "usart.h"
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "stdio.h"
void usart_init(void){
	GPIO_InitTypeDef gpio_initStructure;
	USART_InitTypeDef  usart_initStructure;
	NVIC_InitTypeDef   NVICinitStructure;
	NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
	
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
	//RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);//配时钟
	//配置usart的pa9 TX
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Mode   = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Pin    = GPIO_Pin_9;
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Speed  = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init( GPIOA,&gpio_initStructure);
		//配置usart的pa10 RX  receive
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Mode   = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Pin    = GPIO_Pin_10;
	gpio_initStructure.GPIO_Speed  = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	
	usart_initStructure.USART_BaudRate             = 115200;
	usart_initStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl  = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
	usart_initStructure.USART_Mode                 = USART_Mode_Rx  | USART_Mode_Tx;
	usart_initStructure.USART_Parity               = USART_Parity_No;
	usart_initStructure.USART_StopBits             = USART_StopBits_1;
	usart_initStructure.USART_WordLength           = USART_WordLength_8b;
	
	USART_Init(USART1, &usart_initStructure);//初始化所使用的串口外设
	USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
	USART_Cmd( USART1, ENABLE);//使能或者失能USART外设
	
	NVICinitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel                             = USART1_IRQn;//在f10x.h里面
	NVICinitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd                          = ENABLE;
	NVICinitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority           = 1;
	NVICinitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority                  = 1;
	NVIC_Init(&NVICinitStructure);
}
//发送字符
void USARTSendByte(USART_TypeDef* USARTx, uint16_t Data)
{
	USART_SendData(USARTx, Data);
	while( USART_GetFlagStatus( USARTx, USART_FLAG_TXE)==RESET);
}
//发送字符串
void USARTSendstr(USART_TypeDef* USARTx,char *str)
{
	uint16_t i=0;
	do{
		USARTSendByte(USARTx,*(str+i));
		i++;
	}
	while(*(str+i)!='\0');
	while(USART_GetFlagStatus( USARTx, USART_FLAG_TC)==RESET);
}

int fputc(int ch,FILE *f){
	USART_SendData(USART1,(uint8_t)ch);//ch是传入参数,int强制转化为uint防止出现其他现象
	while( USART_GetFlagStatus( USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE)==RESET);
	return ch;
	
}
int fgetc(FILE*f){
	while( USART_GetFlagStatus( USART1, USART_FLAG_RXNE)==RESET);
	return (int)USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
}

3.4

使用stdio一定要勾选魔术棒的 Use MicroLIB