鲁棒pca_基于微面的正态映射以实现鲁棒的蒙特卡洛路径追踪

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-20 09:33:17 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-09-20 09:33:17 发布

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文章标签： tensorflow 计算机视觉人工智能深度学习神经网络

原文链接：https://blogs.unity3d.com/2017/10/02/microfacet-based-normal-mapping-for-robust-monte-carlo-path-tracing/

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鲁棒pca

Vincent Schüssler (KIT), Eric Heitz (Unity Technologies), Johannes Hanika (KIT) and Carsten Dachsbacher (KIT)

VincentSchüssler(KIT)，Eric Heitz(Unity Technologies)，Johannes Hanika(KIT)和Carsten Dachsbacher(KIT)

ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2017

ACM SIGGRAPH亚洲2017

抽象 (Abstract)

Normal mapping enhances the amount of visual detail of surfaces by using shading normals that deviate from the geometric normal. However, the resulting surface model is geometrically impossible and normal mapping is thus often considered a fundamentally flawed approach with unavoidable problems for Monte Carlo path tracing, such as asymmetry, back-facing normals, and energy loss arising from this incoherence. These problems are usually sidestepped in real-time renderers, but they cannot be fixed robustly in a path tracer: normal mapping breaks either the appearance (black fringes, energy loss) or the integrator (different forward and backward light transport); in practice, workarounds and tweaked normal maps are often required to hide artifacts.

法线贴图通过使用偏离几何法线的着色法线来增强曲面的视觉细节量。但是，生成的表面模型在几何上是不可能的，因此法线贴图通常被认为是一种基本有缺陷的方法，在蒙特卡洛路径跟踪中具有不可避免的问题，例如不对称性，背向法线和由于这种不相干而引起的能量损失。这些问题通常在实时渲染器中被规避，但无法在路径跟踪器中稳固地解决：法线贴图会破坏外观(黑边，能量损失)或积分器(前向和后向光传输有所不同)。在实践中，通常需要变通办法和调整过的法线贴图来隐藏工件。

We present microfacet-based normal mapping, an alternative way of faking geometric details without corrupting the robustness of Monte Carlo path tracing. It takes the same input data as classic normal mapping and works with any input BRDF. Our idea is to construct a geometrically valid microfacet surface made of two facets per shading point: the one given by the normal map at the shading point and an additional facet that compensates for it such that the average normal of the microsurface equals the geometric normal. We derive the resulting microfacet BRDF and show that it mimics geometric detail in a plausible way, although it does not replicate the appearance of classic normal mapping. However, our microfacet-based normal mapping model is well-defined, symmetric, and energy conserving, and thus yields identical results with any path tracing algorithm (forward, backward, or bidirectional).

我们提出了基于微面的法线贴图，这是一种在不破坏蒙特卡洛路径追踪鲁棒性的情况下伪造几何细节的替代方法。它采用与经典法线映射相同的输入数据，并且可以与任何输入BRDF一起使用。我们的想法是构造一个几何有效的微面表面，该表面由每个阴影点两个面组成：一个法线贴图在阴影点处给出，另一个面对其进行补偿，以使微表面的平均法线等于几何法线。我们导出了生成的微面BRDF，并显示了它以合理的方式模仿了几何细节，尽管它没有复制经典法线贴图的外观。但是，我们基于微面的法线贴图模型定义明确，对称且节约能源，因此，使用任何路径跟踪算法(正向，反向或双向)都可获得相同的结果。