- 高斯金字塔
import cv2
img=cv2.imread("AM.png")
cv_show(img,'img')
print (img.shape)
up=cv2.pyrUp(img)
cv_show(up,'up')
print (up.shape)
down=cv2.pyrDown(img)
cv_show(down,'down')
print (down.shape)
up=cv2.pyrUp(img)
up_down=cv2.pyrDown(up)
cv_show(up_down,'up_down')
import numpy as np
cv_show(np.hstack((img,up_down)),'up_down')
up=cv2.pyrUp(img)
up_down=cv2.pyrDown(up)
cv_show(img-up_down,'img-up_down')
- 拉普拉斯金字塔
down=cv2.pyrDown(img)
down_up=cv2.pyrUp(down)
l_1=img-down_up
cv_show(l_1,'l_1')
- 图像轮廓
cv2.findContours(img,mode,method)
mode:轮廓检索模式
RETR_EXTERNAL :只检索最外面的轮廓;
RETR_LIST:检索所有的轮廓,并将其保存到一条链表当中;
RETR_CCOMP:检索所有的轮廓,并将他们组织为两层:顶层是各部分的外部边界,第二层是空洞的边界;
RETR_TREE:检索所有的轮廓,并重构嵌套轮廓的整个层次;
method:轮廓逼近方法
CHAIN_APPROX_NONE:以Freeman链码的方式输出轮廓,所有其他方法输出多边形(顶点的序列)。
CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE:压缩水平的、垂直的和斜的部分,也就是,函数只保留他们的终点部分。
#读取原图
img = cv2.imread('contours.png')
#转为灰度图
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
#二值化
ret, thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
#显示二值化图
cv_show(thresh,'thresh')
计算轮廓
contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)
在原图上绘制全部轮廓
#传入绘制图像,轮廓,轮廓索引,颜色模式,线条厚度
# 注意需要copy,要不原图会变。。。
draw_img = img.copy()
res = cv2.drawContours(draw_img, contours, -1, (0, 0, 255), 2)
cv_show(res,'res')
在原图上绘制某个轮廓(第0个)
draw_img = img.copy()
res = cv2.drawContours(draw_img, contours, 0, (0, 0, 255), 2)
cv_show(res,'res')
查看轮廓特征
cnt = contours[0]
#面积
cv2.contourArea(cnt)
#周长,True表示闭合的
cv2.arcLength(cnt,True)
轮廓近似
#生成轮廓
img = cv2.imread('contours2.png')
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
ret, thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)
cnt = contours[0]
draw_img = img.copy()
res = cv2.drawContours(draw_img, [cnt], -1, (0, 0, 255), 2)
cv_show(res,'res')
#轮廓近似, epsilon为近似阈值
epsilon = 0.1*cv2.arcLength(cnt,True)
# 生成近似轮廓
approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(cnt,epsilon,True)
#绘制近似轮廓
draw_img = img.copy()
res = cv2.drawContours(draw_img, [approx], -1, (0, 0, 255), 2)
cv_show(res,'res')
轮廓边界矩形
img = cv2.imread('contours.png')
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
ret, thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)
cnt = contours[0]
#计算轮廓边界矩形的坐标
x,y,w,h = cv2.boundingRect(cnt)
#绘制边界矩形
img = cv2.rectangle(img,(x,y),(x+w,y+h),(0,255,0),2)
cv_show(img,'img')
#计算轮廓面积和边界矩形面积的比值
area = cv2.contourArea(cnt)
x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(cnt)
rect_area = w * h
extent = float(area) / rect_area
print ('轮廓面积与边界矩形比',extent)
#绘制轮廓外接圆
#生成外接圆圆心,半径
(x,y),radius = cv2.minEnclosingCircle(cnt)
center = (int(x),int(y))
radius = int(radius)
#在原图上绘制轮廓外接圆
img = cv2.circle(img,center,radius,(0,255,0),2)
cv_show(img,'img')