YOLOV5改进（Soft-NMS（多种IOU））

1.适合在密集的数据集上进行检测

2.改进方法

（1）将以下代码复制到utils/general.py中

def box_iou_for_nms(box1, box2, GIoU=False, DIoU=False, CIoU=False, SIoU=False, EIou=False, eps=1e-7):
    # Returns Intersection over Union (IoU) of box1(1,4) to box2(n,4)

    b1_x1, b1_y1, b1_x2, b1_y2 = box1.chunk(4, -1)
    b2_x1, b2_y1, b2_x2, b2_y2 = box2.chunk(4, -1)
    w1, h1 = b1_x2 - b1_x1, (b1_y2 - b1_y1).clamp(eps)
    w2, h2 = b2_x2 - b2_x1, (b2_y2 - b2_y1).clamp(eps)

    # Intersection area
    inter = (b1_x2.minimum(b2_x2) - b1_x1.maximum(b2_x1)).clamp(0) * \
            (b1_y2.minimum(b2_y2) - b1_y1.maximum(b2_y1)).clamp(0)

    # Union Area
    union = w1 * h1 + w2 * h2 - inter + eps

    # IoU
    iou = inter / union
    if CIoU or DIoU or GIoU or EIou:
        cw = b1_x2.maximum(b2_x2) - b1_x1.minimum(b2_x1)  # convex (smallest enclosing box) width
        ch = b1_y2.maximum(b2_y2) - b1_y1.minimum(b2_y1)  # convex height
        if CIoU or DIoU or EIou:  # Distance or Complete IoU https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.08287v1
            c2 = cw ** 2 + ch ** 2 + eps  # convex diagonal squared
            rho2 = ((b2_x1 + b2_x2 - b1_x1 - b1_x2) ** 2 + (b2_y1 + b2_y2 - b1_y1 - b1_y2) ** 2) / 4  # center dist ** 2
            if CIoU:  # https://github.com/Zzh-tju/DIoU-SSD-pytorch/blob/master/utils/box/box_utils.py#L47
                v = (4 / math.pi ** 2) * (torch.atan(w2 / h2) - torch.atan(w1 / h1)).pow(2)
                with torch.no_grad():
                    alpha = v / (v - iou + (1 + eps))
                return iou - (rho2 / c2 + v * alpha)  # CIoU
            elif EIou:
                rho_w2 = ((b2_x2 - b2_x1) - (b1_x2 - b1_x1)) ** 2
                rho_h2 = ((b2_y2 - b2_y1) - (b1_y2 - b1_y1)) ** 2
                cw2 = cw ** 2 + eps
                ch2 = ch ** 2 + eps
                return iou - (rho2 / c2 + rho_w2 / cw2 + rho_h2 / ch2)
            return iou - rho2 / c2  # DIoU
        c_area = cw * ch + eps  # convex area
        return iou - (c_area - union) / c_area  # GIoU https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.09630.pdf
    elif SIoU:
        # SIoU Loss https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.12740.pdf
        s_cw = (b2_x1 + b2_x2 - b1_x1 - b1_x2) * 0.5 + eps
        s_ch = (b2_y1 + b2_y2 - b1_y1 - b1_y2) * 0.5 + eps
        sigma = torch.pow(s_cw ** 2 + s_ch ** 2, 0.5)
        sin_alpha_1 = torch.abs(s_cw) / sigma
        sin_alpha_2 = torch.abs(s_ch) / sigma
        threshold = pow(2, 0.5) / 2
        sin_alpha = torch.where(sin_alpha_1 > threshold, sin_alpha_2, sin_alpha_1)
        angle_cost = torch.cos(torch.arcsin(sin_alpha) * 2 - math.pi / 2)
        rho_x = (s_cw / cw) ** 2
        rho_y = (s_ch / ch) ** 2
        gamma = angle_cost - 2
        distance_cost = 2 - torch.exp(gamma * rho_x) - torch.exp(gamma * rho_y)
        omiga_w = torch.abs(w1 - w2) / torch.max(w1, w2)
        omiga_h = torch.abs(h1 - h2) / torch.max(h1, h2)
        shape_cost = torch.pow(1 - torch.exp(-1 * omiga_w), 4) + torch.pow(1 - torch.exp(-1 * omiga_h), 4)
        return iou - 0.5 * (distance_cost + shape_cost)
    return iou  # IoU

def soft_nms(bboxes, scores, iou_thresh=0.5,sigma=0.5,score_threshold=0.25):
    order = torch.arange(0, scores.size(0)).to(bboxes.device)
    keep = []
    
    while order.numel() > 1:
        if order.numel() == 1:
            keep.append(order[0])
            break
        else:
            i = order[0]
            keep.append(i)
        
        iou = box_iou_for_nms(bboxes[i], bboxes[order[1:]]).squeeze()
        
        idx = (iou > iou_thresh).nonzero().squeeze()
        if idx.numel() > 0: 
            iou = iou[idx] 
            newScores = torch.exp(-torch.pow(iou,2)/sigma)
            scores[order[idx+1]] *= newScores
        
        newOrder = (scores[order[1:]] > score_threshold).nonzero().squeeze() 
        if newOrder.numel() == 0: 
            break
        else:
            maxScoreIndex = torch.argmax(scores[order[newOrder+1]]) 
            if maxScoreIndex != 0: 
                newOrder[[0,maxScoreIndex],] = newOrder[[maxScoreIndex,0],]
            order = order[newOrder+1]
    
    return torch.LongTensor(keep)

在这个后面可以加CIOU/DIOU/SIOU/GIOU/EIOU=True,不加的话就默认是IOU

2.在训练时用general里面的这个

在验证时把上面的注释掉，用这个

i = soft_nms(boxes, scores, iou_thres)

 

 3.开始训练