python Object Oriented Programming

python 知识点整理（五）

本文只是对python部分知识点进行学习和整理
本篇主要是针对python的Object Oriented Programming的总结

object/class/inheritance

objects

• object: An object has a unique identity, state, and behaviours
• In Python, everything is an object: number, string, etc
• can use id() and type() to get information about an object
• ID位置一般不会改变
• 数据类型会根据input进行决定
• A variable in Python is actually a reference to an object.变量是对对象的引用

class

class name
data fields private/public

• private data fields are defined with two leading underscores(__). The same as a private

method
methods

• A class provides a special method, init(), which is called initializer(给定默认初始值)
• Initializer is invoked when an instance of the class is created

inheritance

Object-oriented programming (OOP) allows you to define new classes from existing classes. This is called inheritance

Polymorphism and dynamic binding

• Polymorphism means that an object of a subclass can be passed to a parameter of a superclass type
• 多态性意味着子类的对象可以传递给超类类型的参数
• Python decides which method is invoked at runtime. This is known as dynamic binding
• Python决定在运行时调用哪个方法。这就是所谓的动态绑定

recursion 迭代

• Linear Recursion
• If a recursive function is designed so that each invocation of the body makes at most one new recursive call, this is known as linear recursion
• Multiple recursion
• When a function makes two or more recursive calls, we say that it uses multiple recursion