宏观的欧姆定律:
I
=
U
R
\begin{equation} I=\dfrac{U}{R} \end{equation}
I=RU利用微分形式的上式、电阻率的定义,加上电导率与电阻率的关系可得:
d
I
=
d
U
R
R
=
ρ
d
l
d
S
,
σ
=
1
ρ
d
I
=
d
U
d
S
ρ
d
l
d
I
d
S
=
1
ρ
d
U
d
l
=
1
ρ
E
d
l
d
l
J
=
σ
E
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} \mathrm{d}I&=\dfrac{\mathrm{d}U}{R}\\ R=\rho\dfrac{\mathrm{d}l}{\mathrm{d}S}&,\quad \sigma=\dfrac{1}{\rho}\\ \mathrm{d}I&=\dfrac{\mathrm{d}U\mathrm{d}S}{\rho\mathrm{d}l}\\ \dfrac{\mathrm{d}I}{\mathrm{d}S}&=\dfrac{1}{\rho}\dfrac{\mathrm{d}U}{\mathrm{d}l}=\dfrac{1}{\rho}\dfrac{E\mathrm{d}l}{\mathrm{d}l}\\ \mathbf{J}&=\sigma E \end{aligned} \end{equation}
dIR=ρdSdldIdSdIJ=RdU,σ=ρ1=ρdldUdS=ρ1dldU=ρ1dlEdl=σE其中,
J
\mathbf{J}
J为面电流密度。
微分形式的欧姆定律
于 2022-11-04 15:40:00 首次发布