【Direct3D】Mesh part

本节为《introduce to D3D Game Programming》第10,11章学习笔记，代码(本章工程文件)下载点击这里

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在Direct3D中，微软为我们提供了ID3DXMesh的接口表示网格，这个接口继承自ID3DBaseMesh接口。网格模型接口ID3DXMesh实际上是三维物体的顶点缓存的集合，他将创建顶点缓存，定义顶点格式和绘制顶点缓冲区等功能封装在一个COM接口对象中，这个接口使用后要释放。

Subsets and the attribute buffer

subset 是一组可以使用同一种 attribute 进行渲染的三角形。比如房子中的 floor， walls， windows 都可以作为house 的subset。 同subset 的

三角形可以有同样的 attibuteID，所有三角形面片的ID，都存储在 attibute buffer中。使用Mesh->DrawSubset(i); (0<=i<=n-1)可以画出整个mesh

	for(int i = 0; i < NumSubsets; i++)
	{
		Device->SetTexture( 0, Textures[i] );
		Mesh->DrawSubset( i );
	}

Optimizing

使用OptimizeInplace重新组织mesh 的顶点和索引信息可以高效的渲染mesh。

	//
	// Optimize the mesh to generate an attribute table.
	//

	std::vector<DWORD> adjacencyBuffer(Mesh->GetNumFaces() * 3);
	Mesh->GenerateAdjacency(0.0f, &adjacencyBuffer[0]);

	hr = Mesh->OptimizeInplace(		
		D3DXMESHOPT_ATTRSORT |
		D3DXMESHOPT_COMPACT  |
		D3DXMESHOPT_VERTEXCACHE,
		&adjacencyBuffer[0],
		0, 0, 0);

D3DXMESHOPT_COMPACT  消除没使用的顶点和索引信息

D3DXMESHOPT_ATTRSORT  通过attibute对三角形面片排序生成表格

                       

Adjacency info

在mesh优化的过程中，需要知道相邻三角形面片的信息，这样渲染时可以节省搜索时间

                     

loading an xFile

HRESEULT D3DXLoadMeshFromX(
LPCSTR pFilename,           // the filename of the XFile to load
DWORD Options,         // D3DSMESH_32BIT      D3DxMESH_MANGED      D3DXMESH_DYNAMIC
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice,
LPD3DXBUFFER *ppAdjacency,   // returns an ID3DXBUffer containing a DWORD array that describes the adjacency info
LPD3DXBUFFER* ppMaterials,        //ID3DXBuffer containing an array of D3DXMATERIAL structures
LPD3DBUFFER *ppEffectInstances,
PDWORD pNumMaterials,
LPD3DSMESH *ppMesh
)

XFile materials

通过创建ID3DXMesh 对象把XFile 数据下载

typedef struct D3DXMATERIAL{
D3DMATERIAL9 MatD3D;      // struct
LPSTR pTexureFilename;   // a reference to the image file that contains the actual texture data
}

golbal variables

ID3DXMesh*   Mesh = 0;
std::vector<D3DMATERIAL9>   Mtrls(0);
std::vector<IDirect3DTexture9*> Textures(0);

After we have loaded the XFile data, we must iterate through the D3DXMATERIAL array and load any textures that the meseh

referencts:

	//
	// Extract the materials, and load textures.
	//

	if( mtrlBuffer != 0 && numMtrls != 0 )
	{
		D3DXMATERIAL* mtrls = (D3DXMATERIAL*)mtrlBuffer->GetBufferPointer();

		for(int i = 0; i < numMtrls; i++)
		{
			// the MatD3D property doesn't have an ambient value set
			// when its loaded, so set it now:
			mtrls[i].MatD3D.Ambient = mtrls[i].MatD3D.Diffuse;

			// save the ith material
			Mtrls.push_back( mtrls[i].MatD3D );

			// check if the ith material has an associative texture
			if( mtrls[i].pTextureFilename != 0 )
			{
				// yes, load the texture for the ith subset
				IDirect3DTexture9* tex = 0;
				D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(
					Device,
					mtrls[i].pTextureFilename,
					&tex);

				// save the loaded texture
				Textures.push_back( tex );
			}
			else
			{
				// no texture for the ith subset
				Textures.push_back( 0 );
			}
		}
	}

Generating Vertex Normals

XFile 中也可能没有顶点的法线信息，这种情况下，需要计算法线从而才可以使用光照。

HRESULT D3DXComputeNormals(
     LPD3DXBASEMESH pMesh,
     const DWORD *pAdjacency
)