camera驱动

通过i2c总线配件camera硬件寄存器

1. 驱动流程
    a 创建i2c_driver,并注册到总线 
            /* 1.1. 分配、设置一个i2c_driver */
            static struct i2c_driver cmos_ov7740_driver = {
                .driver = {
                    .name   = "cmos_ov7740",
                    .owner  = THIS_MODULE,
                },
                .probe      = cmos_ov7740_probe,
                .remove     = __devexit_p(cmos_ov7740_remove),
                .id_table   = cmos_ov7740_id_table,
            };

        i2c_add_driver(&cmos_ov7740_driver)
    b 在probe
        1 初始化相关的寄存器
            /* 2.3 硬件相关 */
            /* 2.3.1 映射相应的寄存器 */
            /* 2.3.2 设置相应的GPIO用于CAMIF */
            /* 2.3.3 复位一下CAMIF控制器 */
            /* 2.3.4 设置、使能时钟(使能HCLK、使能并设置CAMCLK = 24MHz) */
            /* 2.3.5 复位一下摄像头模块 */
            /* 2.3.6 通过IIC总线,初始化摄像头模块 */
            /* 2.3.7 注册中断 */

            /* 注册video设备 */
                /* 2.1. 分配、设置一个video_device结构体 */
                static struct video_device cmos_ov7740_vdev = {
                    .fops       = &cmos_ov7740_fops,
                    .ioctl_ops      = &cmos_ov7740_ioctl_ops,
                    .release        = cmos_ov7740_release,
                    .name       = "cmos_ov7740",
                };

            video_register_device(&cmos_ov7740_vdev, VFL_TYPE_GRABBER, -1)

    c. 实现应用层的接口
            static const struct v4l2_file_operations cmos_ov7740_fops = {
                .owner          = THIS_MODULE,
                .open               = cmos_ov7740_open,
                .release            = cmos_ov7740_close,
                .unlocked_ioctl         = video_ioctl2,
                .read           = cmos_ov7740_read,
            };
        .fops       = &cmos_ov7740_fops,

    d. 实现v4l2的接口
            static const struct v4l2_ioctl_ops cmos_ov7740_ioctl_ops = {
               // 1表示它是一个摄像头设备
               /* 2用于列举、获得、测试、设置摄像头的数据的格式 */
               /* 3缓冲区操作: 申请/查询/放入队列/取出队列 */
               // 4启动/停止
               }
        .ioctl_ops      = &cmos_ov7740_ioctl_ops,