Ubuntu 20.04 Installation Guide

Ubuntu 20.04 Installation Guide

Ubuntu 20.04 is a stable and widely used Linux distribution suitable for both servers and desktops. This article provides a step-by-step guide on installing Ubuntu 20.04.

1. Preparation

1. Download Ubuntu 20.04 ISO Image

• Visit the official Ubuntu website: https://ubuntu.com/download
• Select Ubuntu 20.04 LTS and download the ISO file suitable for your system architecture.

2. Create a Bootable USB Drive

• Windows Users: Use Rufus to create a bootable USB.
• Linux Users: Use the dd command:

  sudo dd if=ubuntu-20.04.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress
  

  (Replace /dev/sdX with your USB drive’s path, which can be found using lsblk.)

3. Configure BIOS/UEFI

• Enter BIOS/UEFI and set USB as the first boot option.
• Disable Secure Boot to avoid compatibility issues during installation.

2. Installing Ubuntu 20.04

1. Start the Installation Process

• Insert the USB drive, boot your computer, and select Try Ubuntu or Install Ubuntu.

2. Choose Language

• Select your preferred language (e.g., English) and click Continue.

3. Connect to the Internet (Optional)

• Choose Wi-Fi or a wired connection for updates during installation.

4. Select Installation Type

• Normal installation (Recommended): Includes essential software and a web browser.
• Minimal installation: Only includes basic system components.
• You can check Download updates and Install third-party software for better compatibility.

5. Disk Partitioning

• Erase disk and install Ubuntu (Recommended for beginners, automatic partitioning).
• Manual partitioning (For advanced users who want to customize /, /home, swap, etc.).

6. Select Time Zone

• Choose your time zone, e.g., Shanghai.

7. Create User Account

• Set up your username, computer name, and password.

8. Begin Installation

• Review your settings and click Install. Wait for the installation to complete.

3. Post-Installation Setup

1. Update the System

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

2. Install Common Software

sudo apt install -y vim git curl wget net-tools

3. Configure Firewall (Optional)

sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw allow ssh

4. Install Graphics Driver (For NVIDIA Users)

sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Conclusion

Congratulations! Ubuntu 20.04 is now installed. You can further optimize the system based on your needs, such as installing development tools or configuring SSH remote access. Hope this guide helps!