Essential C++（四）代码练习

4.1

很奇怪，每次我输入的字符串最后一个都被吃掉了。

Stack.h

#pragma once
#include<vector>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Stack {
public:
	bool push(const string&);
	bool pop(string &elem);
	bool peek(string &elem);
	bool empty();
	bool full();
	//size定义于class本身中，其他member仅仅只是声明
	int size() { return _stack.size(); }
private:
	vector<string> _stack;//作者编码习惯 在data member之前加下划线
};
inline bool Stack::empty() { return _stack.empty(); }
inline bool Stack::full() { return _stack.size() == _stack.max_size(); }

Stack.cpp

#include<vector>
#include<string>
#include"Stack.h"
//取出stack内最后一个被push进来的数值
bool Stack::pop(string &elem)
{
	if (empty())
		return false;
	elem = _stack.back();
	_stack.pop_back();
	return true;
}
//查看最后一个被pushed的数值
bool Stack::peek(string &elem)
{
	if (empty())
		return false;
	elem = _stack.back();
	return true;
}
//将新数值堆放到stack内
bool Stack::push(const string &elem)
{
	if (full())
		return false;
	_stack.push_back(elem);
	return true;
}

main.cpp

#include<iostream>
#include<streambuf>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include"Stack.h"
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	Stack castle_black;
	string word;
	char c;
	while (cin >> word && !castle_black.full()&& (c = cin.get()) != '\n')
	{
		castle_black.push(word);
	}
	if (castle_black.empty())
		cout << "你咋不输啊" << endl;
	cout << "一共输入了" << castle_black.size() << "个单词" << endl;
	castle_black.peek(word);

	cout << "反序结果\n";
	while (castle_black.size())
		if (castle_black.pop(word))
			cout << word << ' ';
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

4.2

#include<iostream>
#include<streambuf>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include"Stack.h"
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	Stack castle_black;
	string word;
	char c;

	while (cin >> word && !castle_black.full())
	{
		if (cin.get() == '\n')
			break;
		else
			castle_black.push(word);
	}
	if (castle_black.empty())
		cout << "你咋不输啊" << endl;
	cout << "一共输入了" << castle_black.size() << "个单词" << endl;
	cin.clear();
	cout << "你想找啥\n";
	cin >> word;
	bool found = castle_black.find(word);
	int count = found ? castle_black.count(word) : 0;
	
	if (found)
		cout <<word<<"找到了. \n"<< "出现了" << count << "次\n";
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

Stack.cpp

#include<vector>
#include<string>
#include"Stack.h"
#include<algorithm>
//取出stack内最后一个被push进来的数值
bool Stack::pop(string &elem)
{
	if (empty())
		return false;
	elem = _stack.back();
	_stack.pop_back();
	return true;
}
//查看最后一个被pushed的数值
bool Stack::peek(string &elem)
{
	if (empty())
		return false;
	elem = _stack.back();
	return true;
}
//将新数值堆放到stack内
bool Stack::push(const string &elem)
{
	if (full())
		return false;
	_stack.push_back(elem);
	return true;
}
//用同名的泛型算法实现find和count
bool Stack::find(const string &elem) const
{
	vector<string>::const_iterator end_it = _stack.end();
	//使用全局作用域运算符::来调用泛型算法，否则会递归调用到自己 
	return ::find(_stack.begin(), end_it, elem) != end_it;
}
int Stack::count(const string &elem) const
{
	return ::count(_stack.begin(), _stack.end(), elem);
}

Stack.h

#pragma once
#include<vector>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Stack {
public:
	bool push(const string&);
	bool pop(string &elem);
	bool peek(string &elem);
	bool empty();
	bool full();
	bool find(const string &elem) const;
	int count(const string &elem) const;
	//size定义于class本身中，其他member仅仅只是声明
	int size() { return _stack.size(); }
private:
	vector<string> _stack;//作者编码习惯 在data member之前加下划线
};
inline bool Stack::empty() { return _stack.empty(); }
inline bool Stack::full() { return _stack.size() == _stack.max_size(); }

4.3

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
using std::string;

class globalWrapper {
public:
	static int tests_passed() { return _tests_passed; }
	static int tests_run() { return _tests_run; }
	static int version_number() { return _version_number; }
	static string program_name() { return _program_name; }
	static string version_stamp() { return _version_stamp; }
	static void tests_passed(int nval) { _tests_passed = nval; }
	static void testss_run(int nval) { _tests_run = nval; }
	static void version_number(int nval) { _version_number = nval; }
	static void program_name(const string& nstamp) { _version_stamp = nstamp; }
	static void version_stamp(const string& npn) { _program_name = npn; }
private:
	static string _program_name;
	static string _version_stamp;
	static int _version_number;
	static int _tests_run;
	static int _tests_passed;
};