【图像识别】基于cnn卷积神经网络之验证码识别matlab源码

卷积神经网络(CNN)简介

关于什么是卷积神经网络(CNN)，请自行查阅资料进行学习。如果是初学者，这里推荐一下台湾的李宏毅的深度学习课程。链接就不给了，这些资料网站上随处可见。

值得一提的是，CNN虽然在图像处理的领域具有不可阻挡的势头，但是它绝对不仅仅只能用来图像处理领域，大家熟知的alphaGo下围棋也可以通过CNN的结构进行处理，因为下围棋与图像有着相似之处，所以说，CNN提供给我们的是一种处理问题的思想，有学者归纳出了可以用CNN解决的问题所具备的三个性质：

• ### 局部性

对于一张图片而言，需要检测图片中的特征来决定图片的类别，通常情况下这些特征都不是由整张图片决定的，而是由一些局部的区域决定的。例如在某张图片中的某个局部检测出了鸟喙，那么基本可以判定图片中有鸟这种动物。

• ### 相同性

对于不同的图片，它们具有同样的特征，这些特征会出现在图片的不同位置，也就是说可以用同样的检测模式去检测不同图片的相同特征，只不过这些特征处于图片中不同的位置，但是特征检测所做的操作几乎一样。例如在不同的图片中，虽然鸟喙处于不同的位置，但是我们可以用相同的模式去检测。

• ### 不变性

对于一张图片，如果我们进行下采样，那么图片的性质基本保持不变。

验证码识别原理

Matlab对图像读入处理，去掉噪声点和较浅的点，进行二值化，将图像转变为0/1矩阵，这样就完成了预处理。\ 然后要对图像进行切割，取到每个数字的小图片位置，将其缩放至等大小，方便神经网络进一步处理。\ 最后将图片转成神经网络能够识别的格式，例如BP网络，则将其转为行向量，深卷积网络，则将其转为矩阵即可。

``` function varargout = interface(varargin) % INTERFACE MATLAB code for interface.fig % INTERFACE, by itself, creates a new INTERFACE or raises the existing % singleton. % % H = INTERFACE returns the handle to a new INTERFACE or the handle to % the existing singleton. % % INTERFACE('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local % function named CALLBACK in INTERFACE.M with the given input arguments. % % INTERFACE('Property','Value',...) creates a new INTERFACE or raises the % existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are % applied to the GUI before interfaceOpeningFcn gets called. An % unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application % stop. All inputs are passed to interfaceOpeningFcn via varargin. % % *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one % instance to run (singleton)". % % See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help interface global iteration; global trainnet; global recognet; global testnet; % Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 21-Jun-2018 12:51:57

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT guiSingleton = 1; guiState = struct('guiName', mfilename, ... 'guiSingleton', guiSingleton, ... 'guiOpeningFcn', @interfaceOpeningFcn, ... 'guiOutputFcn', @interfaceOutputFcn, ... 'guiLayoutFcn', [] , ... 'guiCallback', []); if nargin && ischar(varargin{1}) guiState.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1}); end

if nargout [varargout{1:nargout}] = guimainfcn(guiState, varargin{:}); else guimainfcn(guiState, varargin{:}); end % End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before interface is made visible. function interface_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin) % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn. % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % varargin command line arguments to interface (see VARARGIN) global iteration; global trainnet; global recognet; global testnet;

iteration = 10; trainnet = 'cnnnet500';

cnnnetmat = dir(fullfile('*.mat'));

for i = 1:length(cnnnetmat) str{i} = cnnnetmat(i).name; end set(handles.popupmenu2,'String',str); set(handles.popupmenu1,'String',str); recognet = cnnnetmat(1).name; testnet = cnnnetmat(1).name; % Choose default command line output for interface handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes interface wait for user response (see UIRESUME) % uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. function varargout = interface_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT); % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure varargout{1} = handles.output;

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2. function pushbutton2Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global testnet; [ errrate ] = testcnn( testnet ); set(handles.text3,'String',[num2str(errrate*100) '%']);

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double global iteration; iteration = str2double(get(hObject,'String'));

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1. function pushbutton1Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global iteration; global trainnet; traincnn( iteration ); trainnetname = strcat(trainnet,'.mat'); dos(['rename' 32 'cnn_net.mat' 32 trainnetname]);

cnnnetmat = dir(fullfile('*.mat'));

for i = 1:length(cnnnetmat) str{i} = cnnnetmat(i).name; end set(handles.popupmenu2,'String',str); set(handles.popupmenu1,'String',str);

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3. function pushbutton3Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global trdir; trdir = uigetdir({},'选择文件夹'); picture = dir(fullfile(trdir,'.bmp，.png')); trdir = strcat(trdir,'\');

for i = 1:length(picture) str{i} = picture(i).name; end set(handles.listbox1,'String',str);

% --- Executes on selection change in listbox1. function listbox1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to listbox1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns listbox1 contents as cell array % contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from listbox1 global recognet; global trdir; contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')); fn = contents{get(hObject,'Value')}; fn = [trdir fn]; [ result ] = recog_cnn( imread(fn) , recognet ); set(handles.text6,'String',result); axes(handles.axes1); imshow(imread(fn));

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function listbox1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to listbox1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4. function pushbutton4Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global recognet; [fn,impathname,~]=uigetfile('*.bmp','选择图片'); fn=[impathname fn]; [ result ] = recogcnn( imread(fn) , recognet ); set(handles.text6,'String',result); axes(handles.axes1); imshow(imread(fn));

% --- Executes on selection change in popupmenu1. function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns popupmenu1 contents as cell array % contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from popupmenu1 global testnet; contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')); testnet = contents{get(hObject,'Value')};

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function popupmenu1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: popupmenu controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double global trainnet; trainnet = get(hObject,'String');

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

% --- Executes on selection change in popupmenu2. function popupmenu2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to popupmenu2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns popupmenu2 contents as cell array % contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from popupmenu2 global recognet; contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')); recognet = contents{get(hObject,'Value')};

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function popupmenu2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to popupmenu2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: popupmenu controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end ```

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