(STM32-EXTI外部中断)

EXTI(Extern Interrupt)外部中断

EXTI可以监测指定GPIO口的电平信号，当其指定的GPIO口产生电平变化时，EXTI将立即向NVIC发出中断申请，经过NVIC裁决后即可中断CPU主程序，使CPU执行EXTI对应的中断程序。

支持的触发方式：上升沿/下降沿/双边沿/软件触发

支持的GPIO口：所有的GPIO口，但相同的Pin不能同时触发中断（例如PA0，PB0不能同时使用）

通道数：16个GPIO_Pin（GPIO_Pin_0~GPIO_Pin_15），外加PVD输出、RTC闹钟、USB唤醒、以太网唤醒

触发响应方式：中断响应/事件响应

1.对射式红外传感器计次

红外传感器：GPIOB_Pin_14

开启GPIO、AFIO时钟（APB2总线）

——GPIO配置：（结构体）模式、Pin、Speed

——AFIO配置：GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOx, GPIO_PinSourcex)

                           配置AFIO的数据选择器，从而选择想要的中断引脚

——EXTI配置：（结构体）EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStruct；EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStruct)

EXTI_Line：

EXTI_Line0   、EXTI_Line1   、 EXTI_Line2   、   EXTI_Line3   、 EXTI_Line4   、 EXTI_Line5   、   EXTI_Line6  、  EXTI_Line7  、    EXTI_Line8  、  EXTI_Line9  、    EXTI_Line10  、EXTI_Line11  、 EXTI_Line12  、EXTI_Line13  、  EXTI_Line14 、 EXTI_Line15、

EXTI_LineCmd：ENABLE or DISABLE

EXTI_Mode：EXTI_Mode_Interrupt（中断响应）、EXTI_Mode_Event（事件响应）

EXTI_Trigger：  EXTI_Trigger_Rising （上升沿触发）、 EXTI_Trigger_Falling（下降沿触发）  、EXTI_Trigger_Rising_Falling （双边沿触发）

——NVIC配置：

指定中断分组：NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2)

NVIC_PriorityGroup_0
NVIC_PriorityGroup_1
NVIC_PriorityGroup_2
NVIC_PriorityGroup_3
NVIC_PriorityGroup_4

初始化NVIC：（结构体）NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStruct、NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStruct)

NVIC_IRQChannel：完整的STM32中断通过列表参考stm32f10x.h

NVIC_IRQChannelCmd：ENABLE or DISABLE

根据所选的中断分组类型，指定所选通道的抢占优先级和响应优先级

NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority：

NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority：

——中断程序：

每个中断通道都对应一个中断函数，参考启动文件

EXTI15_10_IRQHandler

void EXTI15_10_IRQHandler(void)
{
	//中断标志位判断，确定中断来源是否为EXTI14
	if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line14) == SET)
	{
		
		CountSensor_Count++;
		EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line14);
	}
	
}

CountSensor.c文件

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  

uint16_t CountSensor_Count;

void CountSensor_Init(void)
{
	//开启时钟
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,ENABLE);//开启GPIO时钟
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO,ENABLE);//开启AFIO时钟
	//EXTI、NVIC时钟是一直打开的，不需要手动打开

	//配置GPIO
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;//EXTI,GPIO配置：浮空输入/上拉输入/下拉输入
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_14;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOB , &GPIO_InitStructure);

 	//配置AFIO
	//void GPIO_PinRemapConfig(uint32_t GPIO_Remap, FunctionalState NewState);引脚重映射
	//void GPIO_EXTILineConfig(uint8_t GPIO_PortSource, uint8_t GPIO_PinSource);配置AFIO的数据选择器，从而选择想要的中断引脚
	
    GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB,GPIO_PinSource14);   
	
    //配置EXTI
	EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStruct;
	EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line14;
	EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
	EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
	EXTI_InitStruct.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling;
	EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStruct);    

	//配置NVIC
	NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
	
	NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStruct;
	NVIC_InitStruct.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI15_10_IRQn;
	NVIC_InitStruct.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
	NVIC_InitStruct.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
	NVIC_InitStruct.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStruct);

}

uint16_t CountSensor_Get()
{

	return CountSensor_Count;
}

void EXTI15_10_IRQHandler(void)
{
	//中断标志位判断，确定中断来源是否为EXTI14
	if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line14) == SET)
	{
		
		CountSensor_Count++;
		EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line14);
	}
	
}

CountSensor.h文件

#ifndef __COUNTSENSOR_H
#define __COUNTSENSOR_H
void CountSensor_Init(void);
uint16_t CountSensor_Get();
#endif

主函数

#include "stm32f10x.h"   
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "CountSensor.h"

 int main(void)
 {
	OLED_Init(); //显示屏初始化
	CountSensor_Init(); //红外传感器计数初始化

	 OLED_ShowString(1,1,"Count:"); //显示屏显示“Count：”

	
	while(1)
	{
		OLED_ShowNum(1,7 ,CountSensor_Get(),5); //显示数字，CountSensor_Get()函数
	}
 }

2.旋转编码器计次

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header

int16_t Encoder_Count;

void Encoder_Init(void)
{
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);
	
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource0);
	GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource1);
	
	EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure;
	EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line0 | EXTI_Line1;
	EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
	EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
	EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling;
	EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);
	
	NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
	
	NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI0_IRQn;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI1_IRQn;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 2;
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}

int16_t Encoder_Get(void)
{
	int16_t Temp;
	Temp = Encoder_Count;
	Encoder_Count = 0;
	return Temp;
}

void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{
	if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line0) == SET)
	{
		/*如果出现数据乱跳的现象，可再次判断引脚电平，以避免抖动*/
		if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_0) == 0)
		{
			if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1) == 0)
			{
				Encoder_Count --;
			}
		}
		EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line0);
	}
}

void EXTI1_IRQHandler(void)
{
	if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line1) == SET)
	{
		/*如果出现数据乱跳的现象，可再次判断引脚电平，以避免抖动*/
		if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1) == 0)
		{
			if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_0) == 0)
			{
				Encoder_Count ++;
			}
		}
		EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1);
	}
}

#ifndef __ENCODER_H
#define __ENCODER_H

void Encoder_Init(void);
int16_t Encoder_Get(void);

#endif

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Encoder.h"

int16_t Num;

int main(void)
{
	OLED_Init();
	Encoder_Init();
	
	OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "Num:");
	
	while (1)
	{
		Num += Encoder_Get();
		OLED_ShowSignedNum(1, 5, Num, 5);
	}
}