Ubuntu18.04 安装opencv 3.2.0 ，opencv3.4.15

1. 源码

https://github.com/opencv/opencv

2. 安装依赖

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff5-dev libdc1394-22-dev         # 处理图像所需的包
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev liblapacke-dev
sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev         # 处理视频所需的包
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran          # 优化opencv功能
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

若报错：

XXX@XXX:~/Files/opencv-3.1.0$ sudo apt-get install libjasper-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package libjasper-dev

执行：

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main"
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libjasper1 libjasper-dev

3. 编译opencv

cd opencv-3.2.0 
mkdir build  
cd build  
//不编译contrib 用该条cmake
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON  -DENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=YES -D  CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/ ..
//编译contrib 用该条cmake
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON  -DENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=YES -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/pp/Downloads/software/opencv_contrib-3.2.0/modules  -D  CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/ ..
 
make
sudo make install  

注意：如果用cmake-gui的话，同样设置5个编译项： 

1）CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON 

2）DENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF 

3）OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=YES 

4）和扩展模块地址

OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/pp/Downloads/software/opencv_contrib-3.2.0/modules 

5）CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv ..

4. 配置环境

设置opencv环境变量

sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf

添加如下内容：

/usr/local/lib

接下来：

sudo /bin/bash -c 'echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf'

sudo ldconfig

在zsh 或者bashrc中添加

sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc

文末添加：

PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig 
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH

5. 验证环境

$pkg-config --cflags opencv

输出的是编译时需要的头文件路径：-I /usr/local/opencv/include/opencv -I /usr/local/opencv/include

$pkg-config --libs opencv

输出的是编译时需要的链接库：/usr/local/opencv/lib/libopencv_calib3d.so /usr/local/opencv/lib/libopencv_core.so

6. 测试opencv

//检查opencv 版本
pkg-config opencv --modversion

mkdir opencv-test
cd opencv-test

gedit DisplayImage.cpp

文件内容：

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>  
using namespace cv;  
int main(int argc, char** argv )  
{  
    if ( argc != 2 )  
    {  
        printf("usage: DisplayImage.out <Image_Path>\n");  
        return -1;  
    }  
    Mat image;  
    image = imread( argv[1], 1 );  
    if ( !image.data )  
    {  
        printf("No image data \n");  
        return -1;  
    }  
    namedWindow("Display Image", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );  
    imshow("Display Image", image);  
    waitKey(0);  
    return 0;  
}  

创建CMake编译文件

    gedit CMakeLists.txt 

写入如下内容

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)  
project( DisplayImage )  
find_package( OpenCV REQUIRED )  
add_executable( DisplayImage DisplayImage.cpp )  
target_link_libraries( DisplayImage ${OpenCV_LIBS} )

编译

cmake .  
make  

执行

此时opencv-test文件夹中已经产生了可执行文件DisplayImage，随便从网上下载一张图片放在opencv-test文件夹下，此处下载了opencv.jpg，然后运行

./DisplayImage opencv.jpg

可以正常显示图片表面安装正常

7.可能报错，3.4.15 安装遇到的问题：

7.1 ippicv 下载问题：

可以在github手动下载，然后

“/opencv3.4.13/3rdparty/ippicv/ippicv.cmake”注释掉第 16 行，添加一行： bash中好哦内 set(OPENCV_ICV_NAME "file:///home/自己的用户名/下。

7.2 缺少boostdesc等文件

缺少文件 将这些文件下载然后放置到 opencv_contrib/modules/xfeatures2d/src/ 路径下即可。 当然，这些文件的下载路径可以在 cmake//日志中查看，直接复制其下载地址到网页可以看该到文件的源码，直接拷贝源码并生成同名文件然后放置到 opencv_contrib/modules/xfeatures2d/src/ 路径下即可。 或者从百度网盘中下载，然后解压并将这些文件放置到 opencv_contrib/modules/xfeatures2d/src/ 路径下即可。 百度云链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1I4MhbkhP0Au6na2QZdjpGg 提取码：a2c1

参考连接：

【OpenCV3】Ubuntu16.04/18.04下安装最新版OpenCV3.4.13

源码编译opencv卡在IPPICV: Download: ippicv_2017u3_lnx_intel64_general_20170822.tgz解决办法
ubuntu下安装opencv——以ubuntu16.04，opencv4.1.0为例