类型别名typedef 和 define（下）---结构体和结构体指针声明和定义

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
    //利用类型别名typedef 来给结构体另外起一个名字
    typedef struct address 
    {
        char *country;
        char city[20];
        char street[20];
    }Address;
    //定义别名时，可以把address 省略
/*     typedef struct
    {
        char *country;
        char city[20];
        char street[20];
    }Address; */
    //也可以使用一下方法定义结构体别名
    struct student 
    {
        int xh; 
        int age;
        char name[20];
        char sex[10];
        Address addr;
    };
    typedef struct student ElementType;
    typedef struct student* PElementType; 
    void out_student(struct student stu);
int main()
{
    //定义一个结构体，并且初始化
    struct student stu1 = {01, 23, "Liao Zinan", "male", {"China", "ChangSha", "Sifang street"}};
    struct address stu2_addr = {"China", "Xiangtan", "Baota street"};
    struct student stu2 = {01, 23, "Liao Zinan", "male", stu2_addr};
    //定义结构体指针
    struct student *stup1 = &stu1;
    PElementType *stup2 = &stu2;
    //结构体成员中的字符型数组的内不可以进行修改例如：city中的内容不可以改为“Xiangtan”，只有通过字符型指针才可以进行修改，直接用 “.”运算符对成员进行修改。
    printf("%s\n", stu2_addr.country);
    //stu2_addr.city = "Xiangtan";
    stu2_addr.country = "Japan";
    printf("%s\n", stu2_addr.country);
    out_student(stu1);
    //定义结构体数组并初始化
    printf("===========================\n");
    struct student stus[5] = {stu1, {02, 23, "Liao Zinan", "female", {"China", "Xiangtan", "Baota street"}}};
    //定义一个指向结构体数组的指针
    struct student *stusp = stus;
    
    int i;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        out_student(stus[i]);
        printf("===========================\n");
    }
    //定义结构体指针数组
    struct student *stups[] = {stup1, stup2};
    
    return 0;
}

    void out_student(struct student stu)
    {
        printf("学生信息如下：\n");
        printf("学号：%d\n", stu.xh);
        printf("年龄：%d\n", stu.age);
        printf("名字：%s\n", stu.name);
        printf("性别：%s\n", stu.sex);
        printf("家庭地址：\n");
        printf("国家：%s\n", stu.addr.country);
        printf("城市：%s\n", stu.addr.city);
        printf("街道：%s\n", stu.addr.street);
    }