屏幕后处理-高斯模糊

效果

思路

使用高斯核，进行卷积计算。可简化为使用两个一维的高斯核，做为采样的权重点，对图像先后进行水平与竖直方向的滤波处理。
采样点为当前像素点的左右各扩展2个单位，上下各扩展2个单位。可自定义后乘以系数，缩放采样的范围。
采样的过程，一般是水平一次，竖直方向一次。可将这个过程进行多次，以达到加强模糊程度的效果。

实现

c#

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class GaussianBlurTest : PostEffectBaseTest
{

    public Shader gaussianBlurShader;
    private Material gaussianBlurMatrial = null;

    public Material material
    {
        get
        {
            gaussianBlurMatrial = CheckShaderAndCreateMaterial(gaussianBlurShader, gaussianBlurMatrial);
            return gaussianBlurMatrial;
        }
    }

    [Range(0, 4)] public int iterations = 3;

    [Range(0.2f, 3f)] public float blurSpread = 0.6f;

    [Range(1, 8)] public int downSample = 2;

    //使用迭代系数，渲染出更模糊的效果
    private void OnRenderImage(RenderTexture src, RenderTexture dest)
    {
        if (material)
        {
            //降采样
            int rtW = src.width / downSample;
            int rtH = src.height / downSample;
            RenderTexture buffer0 = RenderTexture.GetTemporary(rtW, rtH, 0);//得到与屏幕图像大小相同的缓存区
            buffer0.filterMode = FilterMode.Bilinear; //将渲染纹理的滤波模式设置为双线性
            Graphics.Blit(src, buffer0 ); //先渲染一张纹理到缓存
            for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)//对画面进行多次模糊渲染
            {
                material.SetFloat("_BlurSize",1.0f+i*blurSpread);//调节模糊的范围大小
                RenderTexture buffer1 = RenderTexture.GetTemporary(rtW, rtH, 0);//获取屏幕图像缓存区
                Graphics.Blit(buffer0,buffer1,material,0);//对纹理的竖直方向使用模糊渲染
                RenderTexture.ReleaseTemporary(buffer0);//释放缓冲区
                buffer0 = buffer1;
                
                buffer1 = RenderTexture.GetTemporary(rtW, rtH, 0);//获取缓冲区
                Graphics.Blit(buffer0,buffer1,material,1); //对纹理的水平方向使用模糊渲染
                RenderTexture.ReleaseTemporary(buffer0);//释放屏幕缓冲区
                buffer0 = buffer1;
            }
            
            Graphics.Blit(buffer0,dest);//多重渲染后，再计算总结果，渲染出最后的图形
        }
        else
        {
            Graphics.Blit(src,dest);
        }
    }

shader

Shader "Custom/GaussianBlurShader" {
	Properties {
        _MainTex("_MainTex",2D) = "white" {}
        _BlurSize("_BlurSize",Float) = 1.0
	}
	SubShader {
	    CGINCLUDE
	    
	    #include "UnityCG.cginc"
	    sampler2D _MainTex;
	    half4 _MainTex_TexelSize;
	    float _BlurSize;
	    
	    struct v2f {
	        float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
	        half2 uv[5] : TEXCOORD0;
	    
	    };
	    
	    v2f vertexBlurVertiacl( appdata_img v ){ //竖直方向需要处理的点
	        v2f o;
	        o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
	        half2 uv = v.texcoord;
	        计算竖直方向上的需要处理的顶点的位置
	        o.uv[0] = uv;
	        o.uv[1] = uv + float2( 0.0,  _MainTex_TexelSize.y * 1.0f) * _BlurSize;
	        o.uv[2] = uv - float2( 0.0,  _MainTex_TexelSize.y * 1.0f) * _BlurSize;
	        o.uv[3] = uv + float2( 0.0,  _MainTex_TexelSize.y * 2.0f) * _BlurSize;
	        o.uv[4] = uv - float2( 0.0,  _MainTex_TexelSize.y * 2.0f) * _BlurSize;
	        return o;
	    };
	    
        v2f vertexBlurHorizontal( appdata_img v ){
	        v2f o;
	        o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
	        half2 uv = v.texcoord;
	        //计算水平方向上的需要处理的顶点的位置
	        o.uv[0] = uv;
	        o.uv[1] = uv + float2(_MainTex_TexelSize.x * 1.0f,0.0) * _BlurSize;
	        o.uv[2] = uv - float2(_MainTex_TexelSize.x * 1.0f,0.0) * _BlurSize;
	        o.uv[3] = uv + float2(_MainTex_TexelSize.x * 2.0f,0.0) * _BlurSize; 
	        o.uv[4] = uv - float2(_MainTex_TexelSize.x * 2.0f,0.0) * _BlurSize;
	        return o;
	    };
	    
	    fixed4 fragBlur(v2f i) : SV_Target{
	        float weight[3] = { 0.4026, 0.2442, 0.0545 };
	        //根据顶点位置乘以权重，再进行采样
            fixed3 sum = tex2D ( _MainTex , i.uv[0]).rgb * weight[0] ;
	        for(int it=1; it <3;it++ ){
	            //根据高斯核算法，得到其他四个点，再乘以改点权重值，再进行采样，并最后求和
	            sum += tex2D( _MainTex, i.uv[it*2-1] ).rgb * weight[it];
	            sum += tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv[it*2]).rgb * weight[it];
	            
	        };
	        return fixed4(sum, 1.0);
	    };
	    
	    
	    
	    
	    ENDCG
	    
	    ZTest Always Cull Off  ZWrite Off
	    Pass{
	        NAME "GAUSSIAN_BLUR_VERTICAL"
	        
	        CGPROGRAM
	        #pragma vertex vertexBlurVertiacl
	        #pragma fragment fragBlur
	        ENDCG
	    }
	    
        Pass{
	        NAME "GAUSSIAN_BLUR_HORIZONTAL"
	        CGPROGRAM
	        #pragma vertex vertexBlurHorizontal
	        #pragma fragment fragBlur
	        ENDCG
	    
	    
	    }
	    
	
	
		
	}
	FallBack Off
}