零基础语法入门三十一讲[被动语态 (1)]被动语态的构成和含义

1. 如果主语是动作的承受者，则用动词的被动语态作谓语
2. 被动语态的构成 ： be + 动词的过去分词…by sb

例句
He is taken to America by his mother.

3. 被动语态的各种时态
   1. The infomation is needed by us.(一般现在时被动语态)
   2. The book was being read by him.(过去进行时被动语态)
   3. The computer has been used by her (完成时被动语态)
   4. The room will be cleaned (将来时被动语态)
   5. The computer could have been used by them (情态动词加上完成时，完成时里有被动语态)

补充各种时态的被动时态
一般现在时：be+done (be随人称变化)；
现在进行时：be+being+done
一般过去时：was/were done；
过去进行时：was/were+being+done；
一般将来时：will be done；
过去将来时：would be done
将来完成时：will have been done；
将来进行时：will be being done
将来完成进行时：will have been being done
现在完成进行时：have been being done
过去将来完成时：would have been done
过去完成进行时：had been being done
过去将来进行时：would be being done
过去将来完成进行时：would have been being done

来自百度文库：
英语被动语态用法
英语被动语态的基本用法
被动语态的基本用法

何时使用被动语态？

1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要
   如：Paper is made from wood. 
   The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. 
   He was wounded in the fight.
2. 需要强调动作的承受者时
   如：Calwlator can’t be used in the maths exam. 
   Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn’t be taken away. 
   He was awarded first prize in that contest.
3. 为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使用被动语态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动语态，使句子得以更好的安排。
   The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. 
   Electricity is used to run machines.