第P7周：咖啡豆识别（VGG-16复现）

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-13 22:01:30 发布

qq_36142659

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-13 22:01:30 发布

阅读量284

点赞数 4

文章标签：深度学习 pytorch 人工智能

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36142659/article/details/140047777

版权

>- **🍨 本文为[🔗365天深度学习训练营](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/0dvHCaOoFnW8SCp3JpzKxg) 中的学习记录博客**
>- **🍖 原作者：[K同学啊](https://mtyjkh.blog.csdn.net/)**

一、前期准备

1. 设置GPU

如果设备上支持GPU就使用GPU,否则使用CPU

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
import torchvision
from torchvision import transforms, datasets
import os,PIL,pathlib,warnings
 
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")             #忽略警告信息
 
device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
device

2. 导入数据

data_dir = './data/p7_data/'

data_dir = pathlib.Path(data_dir)

data_paths = list(data_dir.glob('*'))

classNames = [str(path).split("\\")[2] for path in data_paths]
classNames

train_transforms = transforms.Compose([
    transforms.Resize([224, 224]),
    transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
    transforms.ToTensor(),
    transforms.Normalize(
    mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406],
    std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
    
])

test_transforms = transforms.Compose([
    transforms.Resize([224, 224]),
    transforms.ToTensor(),
    transforms.Normalize(
    mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406],
    std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
])

total_data = datasets.ImageFolder(r"./data/p7_data/", transform=train_transforms)
total_data

total_data.class_to_idx

3. 划分数据集

train_size = int(0.8 * len(total_data))
test_size = len(total_data) - train_size
train_dataset , test_dataset = torch.utils.data.random_split(total_data, [train_size, test_size])
train_dataset,test_dataset

batch_size = 32

train_dl = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(train_dataset,
                                      batch_size=batch_size,
                                      shuffle=True,
                                      num_workers = 1)

test_dl = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size=batch_size,
                                     shuffle=True, num_workers = 1)
for X, y in test_dl:
    print("Shape of X [N, C, H, W]:",X.shape)
    print("Shape of y:",y.shape, y.dtype)
    print(y)
    break

二、手动搭建VGG-16模型

VGG-16结构说明：

●13个卷积层（Convolutional Layer），分别用blockX_convX表示
●3个全连接层（Fully connected Layer），分别用fcX与predictions表示
●5个池化层（Pool layer），分别用blockX_pool表示

VGG-16包含了16个隐藏层（13个卷积层和3个全连接层），故称为VGG-16

1.搭建模型

import torch.nn.functional as F
 
class vgg16(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(vgg16, self).__init__()
        # 卷积块1
        self.block1 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=(2, 2), stride=(2, 2))
        )
        # 卷积块2
        self.block2 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=(2, 2), stride=(2, 2))
        )
        # 卷积块3
        self.block3 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=(2, 2), stride=(2, 2))
        )
        # 卷积块4
        self.block4 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=(2, 2), stride=(2, 2))
        )
        # 卷积块5
        self.block5 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=(2, 2), stride=(2, 2))
        )
        
        # 全连接网络层，用于分类
        self.classifier = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(in_features=512*7*7, out_features=4096),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Linear(in_features=4096, out_features=4096),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Linear(in_features=4096, out_features=4)
        )
 
    def forward(self, x):
 
        x = self.block1(x)
        x = self.block2(x)
        x = self.block3(x)
        x = self.block4(x)
        x = self.block5(x)
        x = torch.flatten(x, start_dim=1)
        x = self.classifier(x)
 
        return x
 
device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
print("Using {} device".format(device))
    
model = vgg16().to(device)
model

2.查看模型详情

安装torchsummary库

!pip install torchsummary

import torchsummary as summary
summary.summary(model, (3, 224, 224))

三.模型训练

1.编写训练函数

def train(dataloader, model, loss_fn, optimizer):
    
    size = len(dataloader.dataset) #训练集大小
    num_batches = len(dataloader) #批次数目
    
    train_loss, train_acc =0, 0
    
    for X, y in dataloader:
        X, y = X.to(device), y.to(device)
        
        pred = model(X)
        loss = loss_fn(pred, y)
        
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        
        train_acc += (pred.argmax(1) == y).type(torch.float).sum().item()
        train_loss += loss.item()
        
    train_acc /= size
    train_loss /= num_batches
    
    return train_acc, train_loss

2.编写测试函数

def test(dataloader, model, loss_fn):
    
    size = len(dataloader.dataset)
    num_batches = len(dataloader)
    test_loss, test_acc =0, 0
    
    with torch.no_grad():
        
        for imgs, target in dataloader:
            imgs, target = imgs.to(device), target.to(device)
            
            target_pred = model(imgs)
            loss = loss_fn(target_pred, target)
            
            test_loss += loss.item()
            test_acc += (target_pred.argmax(1) == target).type(torch.float).sum().item()
            
    test_acc /= size
    test_loss /= num_batches
    return test_acc, test_loss

3.正式训练

import copy

optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr= 1e-4)
loss_fn = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()

epochs = 40

train_loss = []
train_acc = []
test_acc = []
test_loss = []

best_acc = 0

for epoch in range(epochs):
    
    model.train()
    epoch_train_acc, epoch_train_loss = train(train_dl, model, loss_fn, optimizer)
    
    model.eval()
    epoch_test_acc, epoch_test_loss = test(test_dl, model, loss_fn)
    
    if epoch_test_acc > best_acc:
        best_acc = epoch_test_acc
        best_model = copy.deepcopy(model)
    
    train_acc.append(epoch_train_acc)
    train_loss.append(epoch_train_loss)
    test_acc.append(epoch_test_acc)
    test_loss.append(epoch_test_loss)
    
    lr = optimizer.state_dict()['param_groups'][0]['lr']
    
    template = ('Epoch:{:2d}, Train_acc:{:.1f}%, Train_loss:{:3f}, Test_acc:{:.1f}%, Test_loss:{:.3f}, lr:{:.2E}')
    print(template.format(epoch+1, epoch_train_acc*100, epoch_train_loss, epoch_test_acc*100, epoch_test_loss, lr))

PATH = './model/p7_best_model.pth'
torch.save(model.state_dict(), PATH)
print('Done')

四、结果可视化

1.Loss与Accuracy图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
plt.rcParams['figure.dpi'] = 100

epochs_range = range(epochs)

plt.figure(figsize=(12,3))
plt.subplot(1,2,1)

plt.plot(epochs_range, train_acc, label='Training Accuracy')
plt.plot(epochs_range, test_acc, label='Test Accuracy')
plt.legend(loc='lower right')
plt.title('Training and Validation Accuracy')

plt.subplot(1,2,2)
plt.plot(epochs_range, train_loss,label='Training Loss')
plt.plot(epochs_range,test_loss, label='Test Loss')
plt.legend(loc='upper right')
plt.title('Training and Validation Loss')
plt.show()

2.指定图片进行预测

from PIL import Image

classes = list(total_data.class_to_idx)

def predict_one_image(image_path, model, transform, classes):
    
    test_img = Image.open(image_path).convert('RGB')
    plt.imshow(test_img)
    
    test_img = transform(test_img)
    img = test_img.to(device).unsqueeze(0)
    
    model.eval()
    output = model(img)
    
    _,pred = torch.max(output, 1)
    pred_class = classes[pred]
    print(f'预测结果是:{pred_class}')

predict_one_image(image_path='./data/p7_data/Green/green (10).png',
                 model=model,
                 transform=train_transforms,
                 classes=classes)

3.模型评估

best_model.eval()
epoch_test_acc,epoch_test_loss = test(test_dl, best_model, loss_fn)
epoch_test_acc, epoch_test_loss

五.个人总结

本次实现了vgg16的复现，学习了sequential的用法，可以将多个操作并成一个序列，简化了forwar的编写，详细了解了vgg16的每层构成，对于每一层的转换有了更清晰的认识。