【s3c2440】第四课：外部中断

外部中断初始化流程

外部中断的流程图如下：

此处不考虑中断优先级，涉及的寄存器如下：

寄存器	作用
CPSR	设置为usr模式，开启中断总开关
GPxCON	配置寄存器为外部中断模式
EXTINT	设置外部中断触发方式
EXIMASK	外部中断屏蔽寄存器
EXITPEND	由于EINT4-7、EINT8-23使用的是一个中断源，此寄存器分辨到底是哪一个IO产生的中断

寄存器	作用
INTMASK	中断屏蔽寄存器
SRCPND	产生的所有中断的标志
INTPND	正在处理的中断的标志
INTOFFSET	正在处理的中断的编号

外部中断配置

一、初始化中断

1. 将系统的模式（MODE）从SVC（supervise）模式设置位USER模式。将M4~M0设置为b10000即可。
   CPSR寄存器详细描述：
   各种模式下M4~M0的值：
   
2. 打开中断总开关。CPSR中的第6位表示中断总开关。当I等于0时，irq中断使能。
3. 初始化外部中断，中断控制器中的INTMSK寄存器可以屏蔽各种中断，需要解除外部中断的屏蔽。INTMSK的默认值为0xFFFFFFFF。0表示使能中断，1表示屏蔽中断。
   INTMSK寄存器详细信息：

INTMSK	Bit Description	Initial State
INT_ADC	[31]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_RTC	[30]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_SPI1	[29]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_UART0	[28]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_IIC	[27]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_USBH	[26]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_USBD	[25]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_NFCON	[24]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_UART1	[23]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_SPI0	[22]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_SDI	[21]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_DMA3	[20]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_DMA2	[19]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_DMA1	[18]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_DMA0	[17]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_LCD	[16]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_UART2	[15]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_TIMER4	[14]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_TIMER3	[13]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_TIMER2	[12]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_TIMER1	[11]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_TIMER0	[10]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_WDT_AC97	[9]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_TICK	[8]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
nBATT_FLT	[7]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
INT_CAM	[6]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
EINT8_23	[5]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
EINT4_7	[4]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
EINT3	[3]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
EINT2	[2]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
EINT1	[1]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1
EINT0	[0]	0 = Service available, 1 = Masked 1

4. INTMOD设置中断模式：0: IRQ MODE; 1: FIQ MODE。

二、初始化外部中断

6. GPxCON寄存器配置引脚为外部中断引脚。
   00 = Input
   01 = Output
   10 = EINT[x]
   11 = Reserved
7. EXITINTx寄存器配置外部中断触发方式。其中EINT8~EINT12可以设置filter。

Register	Address	R/W	Description Reset Value
EXTINT0	0x56000088	R/W	External interrupt control register 0 0x000000
EXTINT1	0x5600008c	R/W	External interrupt control register 1 0x000000
EXTINT2	0x56000090	R/W	External interrupt control register 2 0x000000

EXTINT0	Bit	Description
EINT7	[30:28]	Setting the signaling method of the EINT7. 000 = Low level 001 = High level 01x = Falling edge triggered10x = Rising edge triggered 11x = Both edge triggered
EINT6	[26:24]	Setting the signaling method of the EINT6. 000 = Low level 001 = High level 01x = Falling edge triggered10x = Rising edge triggered 11x = Both edge triggered
EINT5	[22:20]	Setting the signaling method of the EINT5. 000 = Low level 001 = High level 01x = Falling edge triggered10x = Rising edge triggered 11x = Both edge triggered
EINT4	[18:16]	Setting the signaling method of the EINT4. 000 = Low level 001 = High level 01x = Falling edge triggered10x = Rising edge triggered 11x = Both edge triggered
EINT3	[14:12]	Setting the signaling method of the EINT3. 000 = Low level 001 = High level 01x = Falling edge triggered10x = Rising edge triggered 11x = Both edge triggered
EINT2	[10:8]	Setting the signaling method of the EINT2. 000 = Low level 001 = High level 01x = Falling edge triggered10x = Rising edge triggered 11x = Both edge triggered
EINT1	[6:4]	Setting the signaling method of the EINT1. 000 = Low level 001 = High level 01x = Falling edge triggered10x = Rising edge triggered 11x = Both edge triggered
EINT0	[2:0]	Setting the signaling method of the EINT0. 000 = Low level 001 = High level 01x = Falling edge triggered10x = Rising edge triggered 11x = Both edge triggered

三、查询中断源

1. SRCPND可以查看当前正在触发中断的所有中断标志。当处理完中断后，需要通过向指定位置写 1 手动清零相应的中断标志。

SRCPND	Bit	Description Initial State
INT_ADC	[31]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_RTC	[30]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_SPI1	[29]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_UART0	[28]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_IIC	[27]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_USBH	[26]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_USBD	[25]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_NFCON	[24]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_UART1	[23]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_SPI0	[22]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_SDI	[21]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_DMA3	[20]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_DMA2	[19]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_DMA1	[18]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_DMA0	[17]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_LCD	[16]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_UART2	[15]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TIMER4	[14]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TIMER3	[13]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TIMER2	[12]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TIMER1	[11]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TIMER0	[10]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_WDT_AC97	[9]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TICK	[8]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
nBATT_FLT	[7]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_CAM	[6]
EINT8_23	[5]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT4_7	[4]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT3	[3]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT2	[2]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT1	[1]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT0	[0]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0

2. INTPND寄存器可以查看优先级最高的中断标志，当处理完中断后，需要通过向指定位置写 1 手动清零相应的中断标志。

INTPND	Bit	Description Initial State
INT_ADC	[31]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_RTC	[30]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_SPI1	[29]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_UART0	[28]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_IIC	[27]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_USBH	[26]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_USBD	[25]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_NFCON	[24]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_UART1	[23]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_SPI0	[22]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_SDI	[21]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_DMA3	[20]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_DMA2	[19]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_DMA1	[18]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_DMA0	[17]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_LCD	[16]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_UART2	[15]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TIMER4	[14]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TIMER3	[13]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TIMER2	[12]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TIMER1	[11]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TIMER0	[10]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_WDT_AC97	[9]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_TICK	[8]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
nBATT_FLT	[7]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
INT_CAM	[6]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT8_23	[5]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT4_7	[4]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT3	[3]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT2	[2]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT1	[1]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0
EINT0	[0]	0 = Not requested, 1 = Requested 0

3. INTOFFSET寄存器保存的是每一个中断对应的序号，当某一类中断发生了的时候，该寄存器保存相应的值。该寄存器不用手动清除。

INT Source	The OFFSET value	INT Source	The OFFSET value
INT_ADC	31	INT_UART2	15
INT_RTC	30	INT_TIMER4	14
INT_SPI1	29	INT_TIMER3	13
INT_UART0	28	INT_TIMER2	12
INT_IIC	27	INT_TIMER1	11
INT_USBH	26	INT_TIMER0	10
INT_USBD	25	INT_WDT_AC97	9
INT_NFCON	24	INT_TICK	8
INT_UART1	23	nBATT_FLT	7
INT_SPI0	22	INT_CAM	6
INT_SDI	21	EINT8_23	5
INT_DMA3	20	EINT4_7	4
INT_DMA2	19	EINT3	3
INT_DMA1	18	EINT2	2
INT_DMA0	17	EINT1	1
INT_LCD	16	EINT0	0

4. 由于EINT4-7、EINT8-23使用的是一个中断源，需要区分到底是哪一个IO触发外部中断。可以使用EINTPEND寄存器区分。需要通过向对应位写 1 手动清除该寄存器的标志。

EINTPEND	Bit	Description	Reset Value
EINT23	[23]	It is cleard by writing “1” 0 = Not occur 1 = Occur interrupt	0
EINT22	[22]
EINT21	[21]
EINT20	[20]
EINT19	[19]
EINT18	[18]
EINT17	[17]
EINT16	[16]
EINT15	[15]
EINT14	[14]
EINT13	[13]
EINT12	[12]
EINT11	[11]
EINT10	[10]
EINT9	[9]
EINT8	[8]
EINT7	[7]
EINT6	[6]
EINT5	[5]
EINT4	[4]
Reserved	[3:0]	Reserved	0000