HDLBits-Priority encoder with casez

casez treats bits that have the value z as don't care in the comparison.

module top_module (
    input [7:0] in,
    output reg [2:0] pos  );
    
    always @ (*) begin
        casez(in)
            8'bzzzzzzz1:pos = 3'd0;
            8'bzzzzzz1z:pos = 3'd1;
            8'bzzzzz1zz:pos = 3'd2;
            8'bzzzz1zzz:pos = 3'd3;
            8'bzzz1zzzz:pos = 3'd4;
            8'bzz1zzzzz:pos = 3'd5;
            8'bz1zzzzzz:pos = 3'd6;
            8'b1zzzzzzz:pos = 3'd7;
            default:pos = 3'd0;
        endcase
    end

endmodule

A case statement behaves as though each item is checked sequentially. Notice how there are certain inputs (e.g., 4'b1111) that will match more than one case item. The first match is chosen (so 4'b1111 matches the first item, out = 0, but not any of the later ones).