小作文题材
一、题材:小作文的内容(写什么)
1.疫情相关的主题:(以信件方式出题可能性60%,对生活影响大)
(1)停学、复学:线上或线下停学和复学( go back to class/ school ),毕业典礼( graduation ceremony );
(2)停工、复工:办公场地 workplace ,远程办公 telecommute , work from home,停工通知和复工要求;
(3)因疫情原因导致的计划延迟( schedule /plan/scheme,delay/ postpone );
(4)因疫情原因而产生的新的通知、请求和建议( inform ,ask for help/ suggest);
(5)防疫措施(物资):( epidemic prevention supplies 防疫物资/materials/ measures 措施/)采购,使用;liquid soap洗手液;mask口罩;disposable gloves一次性手套;
(6)日常生活(daily life):出行、卫生等方面的内容和建议,疫情后生活描述;
(7)支援和救助:人力和物资的支援救助,感谢。(call for号召; assistance 支援;)
2.非疫情主题(出题可能性:40%)
(1)食品供应:学校食堂 ( canteen );
(2)升学、留学咨询( consulting )和建议:院校、专业选择,相关信息的咨询和建议;
(3)工作:离职( resign )的原因(reason)和对他人帮助的感谢;
(4)求职的目的(purpose)以及自身优势( self-introduction );
(5)人员推荐( recommendation ),被推荐人的优势;
(6)工作选择的建议;
(7)安全生产:safety production ;遵守规章制度 follow the rules and regulations ;
(8)邀请:做学术报告 academic report,参与某项活动 participate in.
二、体裁:小作文的叙述格式(什么样的形式)
1.书信:
感谢信:
假设你是一名在疫情期间回国的中国公民,请写一封信给国内某航空公司机组成员:
(1)感谢某航班机组成员在飞行期间的防疫指导和热情服务;
(2)向机组成员表达你的祝福。
假设你曾经是一名患病住院、如今已经康复的病人,请写一封信给医院的医务人员:
(1)感谢在住院期间他们对你的治疗和细心的照顾;
(2)向医护人员表达良好的祝愿。
Dear Doctors and Nurses , (抬头)
曾经是患者,
Sorry to bother you. (I used to be one of your patients who got infected by Covid-19. Now I have recovered and felt very well). I am writing to convey my sincere(genuine) gratitude to you.(目的:感谢)。
(1)感谢医务人员在你住院期间对你的细心治疗和耐心照顾
When I got sick in April,I was sent to your hospital with anxiety and weakness, worrying about my future. At that time, our nurses and doctors (medical staff) gave me confidence to recover, and encouraged me to face the disease bravely and positively. After a few days’ effective treatment, I found that I had survived. It was so kind of you to offer me with your careful treatment and patient caring.(具体原因过程)
(2)对他们致以良好的祝愿
Thanks again! Best wishes for you/ I wish you all everything goes well.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
建议信:
假设你是社区服务中心(公司)的一名员工,请写一封邮件(通知):
(1)疫情好转,社区居民可外出活动(公司复工);
(2)建议社区居民(员工)家庭保持通风,出入仍佩戴口罩,保持社交距离,做好个人卫生。
假设你是一名大学的工作人员,请给学生写一封信(通知):
(1)告知学生本学期的入学时间推迟至9月份以后;
(2)建议学生在家里尽量减少外出,并做好个人疫情防控工作。
Dear Community Residents,
Sorry to bother you (I really appreciate for your time). I am writing to inform you some information about the post- pandemic (疫情之后) living.
As the situation of pandemic is under control (getting better and better), now we are allowed to go out for some outdoor activities. But we must keep wary (警惕的,小心的)about the Covid-19 anytime. So some suggestions we should follow are here for you if you want to go outside. First,please air your room every day to keep your home fresh and clean. Second, when you talk to somebody outside, you’d better(你最好…) wear a mask, as well as keep social distance. Last but not least, remeber to wash your hands as soon as (一…就…) you get home(到家).
(建议信以祝福和期望结尾)I hope the information is helpful to you and please value(重视 attach your importance to)our advice and make our community much safer.
(I do hope you could take my suggestions into serious consideration.)
Sincerely Yours,
Li Ming
写成通知形式如下:
Notice
As the situation of pandemic is under control (getting better and better), now we are allowed to go out for some outdoor activities. But we must keep wary (警惕的,小心的)about the Covid-19 anytime. So some suggestions we should follow are here for you if you want to go outside. First,please air your room every day to keep your home fresh and clean. Second, when you talk to somebody outside, you’d better(你最好…) wear a mask, as well as keep social distance. Last but not least, remeber to wash your hands as soon as (一…就…) you get home(到家).
Community service Center
投诉信:
网络购物/订餐服务等快递投诉(时效,质量,态度等)
Make a complaint about: (名词) 做一个关于…的投诉
Complain about:v.投诉,抱怨…
Timeliness: 及时性,时效性
Deliveryman:快递员
Quality:质量
Negative remark:差评
Attitude:态度
rude: 粗鲁
Unsatisfied:不满意的
Demand / require sb. to do:(强烈)要求某人做某事
Remedy:补偿,补救措施
Compensation:补偿,赔偿
Refund:退款 v.& n.
Improve /advance your services: 改善,提升(你们的服务质量)
假设你在xx药店购买口罩等物品时,发现他们的防疫物资价格过高,请写一封信给相关人:
(1)投诉他们的产品价格太高,尤其是在这样关键的时刻;
(2)要求其尽快恢复正常价格,否则会向监管部门投诉。
Critical(key)moment:关键时刻
pharmacy:药店
Comparing with(contrary to…related to) …, The price of… is too high:
…的价格太高
Return back to normal price: 回归正常水平
假设你的学校食堂提供的食物经常烹饪过火,价格昂贵且服务恶劣,请写一封信给校长:
(1)陈述投诉的内容;
(2)表达自己希望食堂改进的愿望。
President / principal(principle:基本的):总统,校长,董事长
dean:院长
请求信
假设你所在的城市,因为疫情原因,抗疫物资已经脱销了,请写一封信给你的朋友:
(1)问候你的朋友;
(2)说明情况,请对方帮忙购买一些口罩和一次性手套,并表示感谢;
Sth. Have been sold out:东西卖完了
Ask you for a favor: 请你帮个忙
Would you please give me a hand that…
Would you mind (+doing) /if …
Could you please do me a favor:
Is it possible that…/ to do…
How are you (doing) recently?
How is it going / how is everything going? 最近好不好啊?
假设因疫情影响,自己不能按时返回,请写一封信给你的朋友:
(1)致以你的问候;
(2)请他帮忙…
receipt= invoice 收据
citizen 公民
resident:居民
during the pandemic 在疫情期间
during the flying time/ flight: 在飞行期间
go back to our homeland ( our country) 回国
airline staff / team /crew机组成员
space X(空间探索公司) Elon Musk
dragon crew 龙组
Launch a rocket:发射火箭
Moon landing:登月
Delivery:运送
Aviation: 航空,航天
Guidance:指导,指引
假设你是一名即将毕业,走向社会的学生,请写一封信给你的表哥:
(1)向他致以问候;
(2)向他说明自己的情况,并咨询一些求职方面的建议。
道歉信
假设你是学校办公室(学生会)成员,因为疫情原因,请写一封信(通知):
(1)遗憾告知本学期的毕业典礼(授课)不能如期在学校举行,转而将会在网上举行(网络授课);
(2)毕业典礼(网络授课)的相关信息。
假设你将要与自己的客户洽谈商务事宜,因为疫情原因,你不能按原定计划抵达,请写一封信:
(1)向对方说明原因并表达歉意;
(2)希望对方同意另行确定时间和沟通方式。
洽谈商务事宜, 因为疫情原因不能按原计划执行
- 说明原因并真诚道歉
- 提出一个新的建议(时间和沟通方式)
(1)目的:inform:通知
I am writing to you to apologize (to convey my heartfelt sorry/embarrass/regret) for my
absence/ not being there on time/ my delay.
Apologize for… (名词或动名词):道歉
(2)道歉的原因:大雨造成了航班延误
-Because of the heavy rain, all flights are delayed (canceled).
-Because all the vehicles are limited to deliver the anti-epidemic materials, such as vegetables,
medical materials and so on.
-My family member is badly sick.
So, I can’t… / I failed to do…(我不能…) on time.
(3)建议:
-As a remedy (作为补救措施), may I suggest that…?
-Could you please…/ Is it possible that…we postpone our meeting (communication 交流,
cooperation 合作) until…
-Via mobile phone (2 o’clock next Monday)
-If necessary/ you are convenient.
(4)再次道歉
Feel sorry about…:为…而感到抱歉
求职信(推荐信):
(1)职位信息来源,表达求职目的;
(2)陈述自身优势,符合职位的要求;
(3)希望能获得职位(机会),盼望回复。
求职信:
Dear HR manager 亲爱的人力资源经理,
(1)目的:如何得知招聘信息的,表达我想要这个岗位的意愿;
My name is…, I m writing to apply for the job/position you advertised on the newspaper.
(2)自我优势的展示:
(工作经验) work experience ;
-I have been a English teacher (engineer) for ten years.
-I used to be/ work in…
-I have worked as a… for ten years.
-Devote/throw myself into… 将自己奉献给…
(教育背景) education background ;
-I graduated from Wuhan University as an accountant
(性格)personality (character)
勤奋的: diligent hard-working
有责任感的: responsible
上进的: ambitious
专注的: dedicated
创新的,有创造性的: creative /original /initiative
忍耐力: painstaking
适应性: Adaptation
灵活的: flexible
沟通能力: Communication ability
平易近人的: Easygoing
(3)我觉得我很适合这份工作
-Fit/suitable/competent/for the job well
- Match the job/ meet the qualification of the job. 胜任工作/ 符合工作的要求
(4)希望(被录用的希望,回复的希望,得到机会)
Thank you for your time. I really hope that you can reply as soon as possible…
I m looking forward to your reply
辞职信:
(1)告知辞职目的;
(2)说明辞职原因;
(3)表达感谢和遗憾。
(1)辞职信:
resign/quit :辞职
current / present job:当前的工作
(2)辞职的原因:
-主动辞职:有更好的去向
further education :教育深造
-被动辞职:公司的待遇/其他方面不能满足要求
salary is too low 工资太低
I can’t afford…rent / living standard 我负担不起…房租/生活水平
It takes me 3 hours everyday to commute 我每天上下班要花3个小时
抱歉和感谢
历届考研英语二大作文题材和形式
一、教育
教育 ,大学生毕业后去向-2019(柱状图);学生旅游的目的——2016(饼状图);大学生兼职的比例变化——2013(柱状图);大学生使用手机阅读的目的-2020(饼状图)。留学生问题(柱状图);参加课后培训班学生的人数(柱状图或饼状图)
1.2000-2017年中国留学人数及回国人数
(1)教育领域:所罗列的内容都是学生的行为(学生的行为,是由他们的想法和目的决定的)
(2)图片主题(topic)的翻译问题:重要的一点:你要能用一句话,或者是一个 名词 (介词短语的),来描述一幅图。
2007 年-2017 年中国的留学生人数和回国(的留学生)人数
(1)点题的句子:the chart above has shown (illustrate, indicate) the number of oversea
students and of those who return to homeland from 2007 to 2017.(1)
-We can learn that there is a dramatic change in (1) ;That+(句子);动词+(短语)
-Recent 10 years has witnessed a huge/ dramatic change in…(领域):最近10年见证了一个巨大的巨大的变化……(领域)。
(2)数据描述:
难点在于动词的选择:
① is(was)
-The number in 2000 was A .
-The number in 2017 was B.
② increase / drop
The number of the students going abroad has greatly increased from A in 2000 to B in 2017,
due to the fast growth in recent 10 years.
At the same time (meanwhile), the number of the students coming back to homeland…
凝聚力:cohesion
留学生:abroad students/ oversea students/ international students
回国:return to country/ nation/ homeland
第二段: 第二段作为学生的角度来考虑原因分析的问题。
1.过渡句:
What triggers (cause, result in) this…? It is a real thought-provoking phenomenon. 什么触发(引起,导致)这个…?这是一个真正发人深省的现象。
there are some reason/ factors/ components contributing to this phenomenon (accounting for
this…). 有一些原因/因素/成分导致了这种现象(导致了……)。
Firstly (the first place), 首先(第一位),+原因1;
Secondly (what’s more), 其次(更重要的),+原因2;
Last but not least, 最后重要一点+原因3.
2.原因分析:作为学生的角度来考虑原因分析的问题
学生原因分析:前途的担忧:worry about their future/prospect;深造:further education;出国留学:study abroad; 社会的压力:social pressure/stress;来自家庭和亲属/社会的期望:expectation from family and relatives/society;就业压力:the pressure of Employment;挣钱:desire to earn more money;自尊:self-esteem;自我实现:self-actualization;
2.2019届留学生就业雇主类型
2019 届留学生就业雇主的类型
2019 届留学生: Oversea students in 2019(who graduated in 2019)
雇主类型:the types (sorts,kinds) of employers
雇佣 2019 届留学生的雇主类型:The types of employers who hired oversea students in 2019
(1)点题的句子:2019 届留学生选择服务的雇主类型:The types of employers the oversea students in 2019 choose to serve (work in)
民营企业(私营企业): private companies
国有企业: state-owned companies
外资企业 : foreign companies
政府机构: government department(agency)
非政府组织:NGO: non-government organization
二、大消费
1、 大消费 ,博物馆数量和参观人数-2017(线状图);春节期间居民开支的比例-2015(饼状图);汽车品牌的选择-2011(柱状图);选择餐馆的因素-2018(饼状图);手机用户数量的增长-2010(柱状图)压题:教育开支情况(柱状图或线状图);网络购物情况(柱状图或饼状图);第三方支付规模和渠道(柱状图或饼状图);中国市场手机品牌占有率(饼状图);广告投放的渠道分布(饼状图);中国汽车保有量(柱状图或线状图)。
(1)大消费领域:钱
经济发展,钱挣的多不多;目的,内在的目的驱动;技术的发展:网络的普及,手机的普及
三、社会现象
社会现象 ,城市和农村人口流动-2014(柱状图);公司员工的工作满意度调查-2012(表格);预测题:新生儿(柱状图);人口老龄化(柱状图或饼状图);垃圾分类(饼状图);出行时各种交通工具占比(饼状图);人均绿地面积(柱状图)
(1)社会趋势:政策/社会发展
1.人口老龄化
人口老龄化:aging population
老年人:senior citizens,aged citizens
人口结构:population structure
比例:percentage of…, proportion of…
2.2013-2018年我国实体店和网店销售规模对比
实体书店:physical book store (shop)
网上书店:store online
电子数:e-book
真实书店和网上书店销售规模的对比
销售规模:sales , scale of sales
对比: comparison
The line chart given above reflects the comparison of the book sales between physical books stores
and online book shops.上面给出的折线图反映了实体书店和网上书店图书销售的对比。
3.人均阅读量变化
人均阅读量的变化
人均阅读量: average reading
人均阅读的书的数量:The quantity of books people read averagely
传统的纸质书籍: traditional /conventional paper books
电子书: E-books
4.人均绿地面积
人均绿地面积:
人均绿地(面积):green land/green area per capita(person)
平方米:m2, square meters
饼状图:我们关注的是主要的因素占比情况。
5.广告
广告渠道:advertising channels (Ads)
投放:put/place …. on (channels)
线上广告,互联网广告:online(internet) Advertisement
电视广告:TV advertisement:
户外广告:outdoor advertisement;
(1) 从上面的饼状图中我们可以清楚地看到,不同的广告渠道之间存在差异:We can clearly see from the pie chart above that there are differences among various advertising channels.
(2) 从上面的饼状图中,我们可以看到不同的广告渠道所占比例的不同:From the pie chart above, we can see the different proportions of different advertising channels.
6.消费比例
2019 年 Z 世代网民
网民:online citizen/ people online /internet users /netizens
Z 世代:Generation Z
网络购物: online shopping
线上消费:consume(consumption) online
总消费: total consumption
7.交通方式选择
2017 年交通方式选择
出行方式:the measure (way,approach)of travel (take a trip)
人们如何出行:How do people travel
饼状图显示了人们在假期中是如何旅行的:The pie chart shows how people travel during their vacation.
36%的人选择乘飞机去春游:36% of people choose to go out for spring outing by plane/air ,While …By car/ drive
坐高铁:By high railway
四、原因分析(大作文第二段)
(一)三个维度
1.教育领域:
(1)初等教育(elementary education ):站在家长的角度:
发展方向:the direction of improvement/ future direction;
兴趣爱好的培养: develop / cultivate interests,hobbies;
The parents want their child to find their own interests and hobbies;
发展各方面的能力:To develop their abilities in various aspects;
丰富实践经验:To enrich their practical experience ;
(2)中等教育、高等教育:学生的角度:
他们自己的前途:their own prospects ;.
职业生涯:career life/ vocational career ;
来自社会(家庭的)期望和压力:the pressure and e xpectation from society and families
更多晋升的机会:more opportunities (or chances) to be promoted, opportunities for
promotion ;
更好的晋升机制:better promotion mechanism ;
学习更多的知识:learn more knowledge and skill s;
挣更多的钱: earn more money;
灵活性: flexibility ;
更容易找到一份工作: easy to find a job/position;
开拓视野: widen (broaden) one’s horizon ;
创新精神:spirit of innovation/ creative spirit ;
创新的: creative ,original,initiative;
2.大消费领域:钱
(1)随着社会和经济/人们生活水平的提高:With the rapid development /improvement/ advancement of society and economy /people’s living standard /;
随着科技的发展:with the development of technology;
随着网络/手机/移动设备的普及:with the popularity of the Internet / mobile phone s / mobile device s;
(2)快递服务业:express delivery industry;
兴起:thrive;
为…打下了良好的基础:lay a good foundation for…;
起到了重要的作用:play an essential role in…;
(3)网购:shopping online;
支付手段的安全性,及时,便捷:the safety , timeliness and convenience of electronic (mobile) payment;
(4)(比…) 价格低很多:the price is much lower than…:;
二手车: second - hand car/ used car;
(5)消费习惯:consumption habit/custom;
习惯于(做)… :be used to doing ;
被用于 be used to do ;
老年人仍然习惯在电视上看节目,同时呢,年轻人却更倾向于在网上娱乐:The seniors are used to watching programs on TV, while the youngsters are likely to play and entertain (have fun) on the internet;
(6)质量好:good quality ;
更低的价格:lower price ;
价廉物美:cost- effective ;
国产的产品: domestic products;
出于爱国的情怀:out of patriotism ;
人们购买华为的手机是出于他们的爱国情怀:people buy Huawei mobile phones out of their patriotism ;
3.社会变化
(1)老龄化:population aging problem;老年人: senior citizens;
① 计划生育:独生子女政策:one child policy ;生育控制:birth control;
② 生活水平的提高:他们不必担心他们的食物和住处。他们可以享受自己的生活:They don’t have to worry about their food and shelter/dwellings. They can enjoy their own life;
③ 医疗水平的提升:医疗保健/保险:health care/insurance;
④ 医疗条件:medical condition/medical treatment:
(2)人均绿地面积/环保:
① 生活水平的提高:有能力关注:be able to concern about…;enable to concern about
② 国家相关的法律法规:规章制度:rules and regulation s; 法规与政策:laws and policies;法律和法规:laws and legislations;
③ 环保意识: environmental consciousness/awareness;
人们渐渐意识到…:people come to realize that…(从句,例:good environment is our treasure);人们渐渐认识到…的重要性People come to realize the importance of…;