2021 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题（第 1 套）——阅读版——仔细阅读题

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throught the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

  Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem. Teachers want to prepare students for a successful future. Technology companies have an interest in developing a workforce with the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math). skills needed to grow the company and advance the industry. How can they work together to achieve these goals? Play maybe the answer.
  Focusing on STEM skills is important, but the reality is that STEM skills are enhanced and more relevant when combined with traditional, hands-on creative activities. This combination is proving to be the best way to prepare today’s children to be the malcers and builders of tomorrow. That is why technology companies are partnering with educators to bring back good, old-fashioned play.
  In fact many experts argue that the most important 21st-century skills aren’t related to specific technologies or subject matter, but to creativity; skills like imagination, problem-finding and problem- solving, teamwork, optimism, patience and the ability to experiment and talce risks. These are skills acquired when kids tinker (鼓捣小玩意).High-tech industries such as NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory have found that their best overall problem solvers were master tinkerers in their youth.
  There are cognitive (认知的） benefits of doing things the way we did as children—building something, tearing it down, then building it up again.Research shows that given 15 minutes of free play, four- and five-year-olds will spend a third of this time engaged in spatial, mathematical, and architectural activities. This type of play—especially with building blocks一helps children discover and develop key principles in math and geometry.
  If play and buiding are critical to 21st-century skill development, that’s really good news for two reasons: Children are born builders,makers, and creators, so fostering (培养）21st-century skills maybe as simple as giving kids room to play, tinker and try things out, even as they grow older. Secondly, it doesn’t talce 21st-century technology to foster 21st-century skills. This is especially important for under- resourced schools and communities.Talcing whatever materials are handy and tinkering with them is a simple way to engage those important “malcer” skills.And anyone,anywhere,can do it.

2021-06-01-46.—细节辨认题—易—同义替换—prepare students for a successful future替换为skills needed for their future success

46. What does the author say about educators?【原文：Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem. Teachers want to prepare students for a successful future. Technology companies have an interest in developing a workforce with the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math). skills needed to grow the company and advance the industry. How can they work together to achieve these goals? Play maybe the answer.】
    A. They seek advice from technology companies to achieve teaching goals.
    B. They have been successful in preparing the workforce for companies.
    C. They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success.
    D. They partner with technology companies to enhance teaching efficiency.

46. 关于教育者，作者说了些什么？
A.他们向科技公司寻求建议，以实现教学目标。
B.他们成功地为公司培养了劳动力。
C.他们帮助学生获得未来成功所需的技能。
D.他们与科技公司合作以提高教学效率。

46.【定位】由题干中的educators定位到首段前两句。

C【精析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，教育工作者和商界领袖的共同点比看起来要多。教师希望为学生成功的未来做好准备。Teachers“教师"指的就是 educators“教育工作者”，由此可见，教育工作者帮助学生为成功的未来做好准备，即帮助学生获得未来成功所需的技能，故答案为 C。

【避错】文章并没有提及教育工作者向科技公司征求意见，故排除 A。首段第三句提到，科技公司有兴趣培养一支具有推动企业发展和行业发展所需的 STEM技能的员工队伍，并非教育工作者为企业成功储备了人才，故排除 B。第二段最后一句提到，教育工作者和科技公司合作，重新引人优秀的老式游戏，但不是为了提高教学效率，故排除 D。

2021-06-01-47.—推理判断题—难—由“traditional, hands-on creative activities”推出“traditional, stimulating activities”—同义替换，hands-on替换为stimulating

47. How can educators better develop students’ STEM skills, according to the author?【原文：Focusing on STEM skills is important, but the reality is that STEM skills are enhanced and more relevant when combined with traditional, hands-on creative activities. This combination is proving to be the best way to prepare today’s children to be the malcers and builders of tomorrow. That is why technology companies are partnering with educators to bring back good, old-fashioned play.】
    A. By blending them with traditional, stimulating activities.
    B. By inviting business leaders to help design curriculums.
    C. By enhancing students’ability to think in a critical way.
    D. By showing students the best way to learn is through play.

47. 作者认为，教育者如何更好地培养学生的STEM技能？
A.通过将它们与传统的、刺激的活动相结合。
B.通过邀请商业领袖帮助设计课程。
C.通过提高学生批判性思维的能力。
D.通过向学生展示最好的学习方式是通过游戏。

47.【【定位】由题干中的better develop students’STEM skills定位到第二段第一、二句。

【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，专注于STEM技能很重要，但当 STEM 技能与传统的动手创造性活动相结合时，这些技能会增强。事实证明，这种结合是让今天的孩子成为明天的创造者和建设者的最佳方式。换言之，通过将培养 STEM 技能与传统的、趣味盎然的活动相结合，能够更好地培养学生的 STEM 技能，故答案为 A。

【避错】文章第二段最后一句提到，科技公司与教育工作者合作，重新引人优秀的老式游戏，而非由商界领袖设计课程，故排除 B。文中并没有提及培养学生的批判性思考能力，故排除C。第二段第一句提到，要提高STEM技能，应让学生参与有创意的活动，并非简单地向学生展示游戏的重要性，故排除 D。

2021-06-01-48.—推理判断题—易—由but后的“creativity”推出“play with thing”

48. How do children acquire the skills needed for the 21st century?【原文：In fact many experts argue that the most important 21st-century skills aren’t related to specific technologies or subject matter, but to creativity; skills like imagination, problem-finding and problem- solving, teamwork, optimism, patience and the ability to experiment and talce risks. 】
    A. By engaging in activities involving specific technologies.
    B. By playing with things to solve problems on their own.
    C. By familiarizing themselves with high-tech gadgets.
    D. By mastering basic principles through teamwork.

48. 孩子们如何获得21世纪所需的技能？
A.通过参与涉及特定技术的活动。
B.通过玩东西自己解决问题。
C.通过熟悉高科技设备。
D.通过团队合作掌握基本原则。

48.【定位】由题干中的 children acquire the skilks needed for the 21st century 定位到第三段第一、二句。

B【精析】推理判断题，定位句指出，许多专家认为21世纪最重要的技能与特定的技术或主题无关，而是与创造力有关;如想象力、发现问题和解决问题的能力、团队合作、乐观、耐心以及做实验和冒险的能力。这些都是孩子们鼓捣小玩意时获得的技能。由此可见，孩子们可以通过摆弄东西来自己解决问题，从而获得 21世纪所需的技能，故答案为 B。

【避错】文章第三段第一句指出，许多专家认为 21世纪最重要的技能与特定的技术或主题无关，故排除A。文中并未提及熟悉高科技产品和掌握基本原则，故排除 C和 D。

2021-06-01-49.—推理判断题—难—由“building blocks搭积木”推出“make things with hands动手做东西”

49. What can we do to help children learn the basics of math and geometry?【原文：Research shows that given 15 minutes of free play, four- and five-year-olds will spend a third of this time engaged in spatial, mathematical, and architectural activities.This type of play—especially with building blocks一helps children discover and develop key principles in math and geometry.】
    A. Stimulate their interest as early as possible.
    B. Spend more time playing games with them.
    C. Encourage them to make things with hands.
    D. Allow them to tinker freely with calculators.

49. 我们能做些什么来帮助孩子们学习数学和几何的基础知识？
A.尽早激发他们的兴趣。
B.花更多的时间和他们一起做游戏。
C.鼓励他们动手做东西。
D.允许他们随意摆弄计算器。

49.【定位】由题干中的basics of math and geometry定位到第四段最后一句。

【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，这种类型的游戏—特别是搭积木—帮助孩子们发现和掌握数学和几何学的关键原理。由此可见，鼓励孩子们动手做东西可以帮助孩子们学习数学和几何的基础知识，故答案为 C。

【避错】文章并未提及尽早激发他们的兴趣，故排除A。文章第四段第二句提到，给孩子自由玩要的时间，并非花时间和他们做游戏，故排除 B。文中并未提到摆弄计算器，故排除 D。

2021-06-01-50.—推理判断题—由“simple way”排除选项C“challenging task”，AD没有涉及，选C。

50. What does the author advise disadvantaged schools and communities to do?【原文：This is especially important for under- resourced schools and communities.Talcing whatever materials are handy and tinkering with them is a simple way to engage those important “malcer” skills.And anyone,anywhere,can do it.】
    A. Train students to be makers to meet future market demands.
    B. Develop students’ creative skills with the resources available.
    C. Engage students with challenging tasks to foster their creativity.
    D. Work together with companies to improve their teaching facilities.

50. 作者建议弱势学校和社区做些什么？
A.培养学生成为满足未来市场需求的创客。
B.利用现有资源培养学生的创新能力。
C.让学生参与具有挑战性的任务，培养他们的创造力。
D.与公司合作改善他们的教学设施。

50.【定位】由题干中的 disadvantaged schools and commnunities定位到文章最后一段最后三句。

B【精析】推理判断题。定位句指出，这一点对于资源不足的学校和社区尤其重要。利用手边的任何材料，让孩子们去鼓捣小玩意，这是运用那些重要的“制造者”技能的一个简单方法。任何人在任何地方都能做到。换言之，资源不足的学校和社区应尽可能地利用现有资源，故答案为 B。

【避错】文章最后一段第一句后半部分指出，孩子天生就是建设者、制造者和创造者，故排除 A。

文中并未提及让学生参与有挑战性的任务和与公司合作改善教学设施，故排除 C和 D。

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

  Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones who, right in the middle of a critical meeting, are expected to instantly fix the projector that’s no longer working. They have to tolerate the bad tempers of colleagues frustrated at the number of times they’ve had to call the help desk for the same issue. They are also the ones who know there are systems that are more powerful, reliable and faster, but their employer simply will not put up the funds to buy them.
  According to a recent survey, employees who have a job reliant on IT support consider IT a major source of job dissatisfaction. Through no fault of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating or quality control non-existent. And there’s little they can do about it.
  The experience of using IT penetrates almost the entire work field. It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence swells. Their job satisfaction,too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes. But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread employee frustration, it’s an IT transformation project gone wrong, where swollen expectations have been popped and a long list of promised efficiencies have been reversed.This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration of how those changes will impact the end user.
  Which is why managers should appreciate just how influential the IT user experience is to their employees, and exert substantial effort in ensuring their IT team eliminates programming errors and application crashes. Adequate and timely IT support should also be available to enable users to cope with technological issues at work. More importantly, IT practitioners need to understand what employees experience mentally when they use IT.
  Therefore, businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure so that it is designed to fit in with their employees’work, rather than adjust their work to fit in with the company’s IT limitations.

2021-06-01-51.—推理判断题—难—envy单词不认识，是“羡慕，嫉妒”，由“envy”推出“no appeal没有吸引力”

51. What does the author say about working in IT?【原文：Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones who, right in the middle of a critical meeting, are expected to instantly fix the projector that’s no longer working.】
    A. It is envied by many.
    B. It does not appeal to him.
    C. It is financially rewarding.
    D. It does not match his abilities.

51. 关于在IT行业工作，作者说了些什么？
A.很多人都羡慕它。
B.这对他没有吸引力。
C.有经济上的回报。
D.这与他的能力不符。

【定位】由题干中的 working in IT 定位到第一段第一句。
B
【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，“我”并不羡慕信息技术工作者，或者说 IT 工作者的工作。由此可知，作者对这样的工作不感兴趣，故答案为 B。

【避错】文章第一段第一句提到，“我”并不羡慕信总技术工作者的工作，第二、三句接着举例说明了信息技术工作者的艰难处境，由此可知，这样的工作并不让人羡慕，故排除 A；文中并未提及信息技术行业的收人，以及是否与作者的能力匹配，故排除 C和 D。

2021-06-01-52.—细节辨认题—易—同义替换—little they can do无能为力替换为frustrate困扰

52. What is the finding of a recent survey on employees who have a job reliant on IT support?【原文：According to a recent survey, employees who have a job reliant on IT support consider IT a major source of job dissatisfaction.Through no fault of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating or quality control non-existent. And there’s little they can do about it.】
    A. IT helps boost productivity.
    B. IT helps improve quality control.
    C. Many employees are deeply frustrated by IT.
    D. Most employees rely heavily on IT in their work.

52. 最近一项针对工作依赖IT支持的员工的调查有什么发现？
A.IT有助于提高生产率。
B.IT有助于提高质量控制。
C.许多员工对IT深感沮丧。
D.大多数员工在工作中严重依赖信息技术。

【定位】由题干中的a job reliant on IT support 定位到第二段。

【精析】细节辨认题。定位段提到，根据最近的一项调查，那些自身工作依赖信息技术支持的员工认为，信息技术是他们工作不满意的主要原因。他们自己毫无过错，却突然发现生产效率在下降或质量控制不起作用。他们对此几乎无能为力。由此可知，答案为 C。

【避错】A 和 B 与定位段意思相悖，故排除；第段第一句提到，针对自身工作依赖信息技术支持的员工做了调查，但未提及这类员工数量的多少以及他们对信息技术的依赖程度，故排除 D。

2021-06-01-53.—推理判断题—难—对self-confidence的误解，意思还是“自信”

53. What is said to happen when IT is functioning properly?【原文：When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence swells. Their job satisfaction,too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes.】
    A. There is a big boost in employees’work efficiency.
    B. Employees become more dependent on machines.
    C. There are no longer any boring or repetitive tasks.
    D. Employees become more confident in their work.

53. 当IT正常工作时，会发生什么？
A.员工的工作效率大大提高了。
B.员工越来越依赖机器。
C.不再有无聊或重复的任务。
D.员工对自己的工作更有信心。

【定位】由题干中的IT is functioning propedly 定位到第三段第三、四句。

【精析】推理判断题。定位句指出，当信息技术正常运作时,员工的自信心就会增加。当运转良好的机器将他们从枯燥的任务或重复性的流程中解放出来时，他们的工作满意度也会激增。换言之当信息技术正常运行时，员工对自己的工作更有信心，故答案为 D。

【避错】第三段并未提及信息技术正常运行是否能够大幅提高员工的工作效率，也未提及员工是否更加依赖机器，故排除A和 B。第三段第四句星然提到，运转良好的机器可以把员工从枯燥的任务或重复性的流程中解放出来，但C的说法太过绝对，故排除。

2021-06-01-54.—推理判断题—由“impact the end user影响终端用户”替换为“Think about the possible effects on their employees考虑对员工的可能影响。”

54. What should business leaders do before implementing new IT initiatives?【原文：This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration of how those changes will impact the end user.】
    A. Consider the various expectations of their customers.
    B. Draw up a list of the efficiencies to be promised.
    C. Assess the swollen cost of training the employees.
    D. Think about the possible effects on their employees.

54. 在实施新的IT计划之前，企业领导者应该做些什么？
A.考虑客户的各种期望。
B.拟定一份承诺提高效率的清单。
C.评估培训员工的膨胀成本。
D.考虑对员工的可能影响。

54.【定位】由题干中的implementing new IT initiatives定位到第三段最后一句。
D

【精析】推理判断题。定位句指出，当业务领导在实施信息技术计划时很少考虑这些更改将如何影响终端用户时，就会发生这种情况。结合本段倒数第二句可知，这种情况指的是一旦信息技术改造项目出问题，会导致满满的期望破灭，一长串承诺提高效率的方法被推翻。因此，业务领导在实施信息技术计划时，应考虑对员工可能产生的影响，故答案为 D。

【避错】文章第三段主要讲了信息技术对员工造成的影响，并非针对公司客户，故排除 A。文章第三段倒数第二句提到，一旦信息技术改造项目出问题，就会导致满满的期望破灭，一长串承诺提高效率的办法被推翻，并非需要拟定要承诺的提高效率的办法清单，故排除 B。文章未提及需要评估培训员工的膨胀成本，故排除C。

2021-06-01-55.—细节辨认题—难—出现“rather than”前面内容是重点，“fit in with their employees’work适应员工的工作”替换为“suit their needs适合他们的需求”

55. How can a business help improve its employees’experience in using IT?【原文：Therefore, businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure so that it is designed to fit in with their employees’work, rather than adjust their work to fit in with the company’s IT limitations.】
    A. By designing systems that suit their needs.
    B. By ensuring that their mental health is sound.
    C. By adjusting their work to suit the IT system.
    D. By offering them regular in-service training.

55. 企业如何帮助员工改善使用IT的体验？
A.通过设计适合他们需求的系统。
B.确保他们的心理健康。
C.通过调整他们的工作来适应IT系统。
D.定期提供在职培训。

55.【定位】由题干中的 business,improve its employees’experience in using IT 定位到文章最后一段。

【精析】细节辨认题。文章最后一段指出，企业需要建立自己的信息技术基础设施，使其设计能够适应员工的工作，而不是让员工调整自己的工作以适应公司的信息技术系统，即企业应设计适合员工工作需求的系统，故答案为 A。

【避错】由文章第四段倒数第一句可知，信息技术工作者需要了解员工在使用信息技术时的心理体验，并非心理健康，由此可排除 B。文中提到企业需要建立自己的信息技术基础设施，使其设计能够适应员工的工作，而不是让员工调整自己的工作以适应公司的信息技术系统，故排除C。文中并未提及为员工提供定期的在职培训，故排除 D。