2023 年 3 月大学英语四级考试真题（第 1 套）——解析版

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大学英语四级考试2023年3月真题（第一套）

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: Suppose you have taken part in a career planning seminar:Write an account of the seminar and summarize what vou have learned from it.You will have 30 minutes for this task and should write at least 120 words butnomore than 180 words.

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.Afier you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

【听力原文】

  African leaders plan to turn the continent into a continent without borders.[1]They will introduce a single passport policy,allowing free movement between countries.The idea from the African Union has been modeled on the EU Schengen free movement deal.Europe has abolished many internal borders.This enables visa-free movement across the continent.Currently,13 African countries have visa-free deals in place with each other.These allow citizens to visit another country without a visa.Some countries offervisas on arrival.In contrast,Americans are able to travel to 20 of the continent’s countries without avisa,or secure a visa on arrival.[1]The African Union,which represents 54 states,wants to abolish the requirement of a visa for Africans visiting other African countries.[2] It also wants to establish a free trade deal across the continent in the near future,as trade within the African continent costs more than any other region.

2023-03-01-01.—开头第二句—原词复现两个“a … policy”

1. A. A proposed policy allowing Africans to travel in Africa without a visa.
   B. An agreement among 13 African countries to set up a free-trade zone.
   C. Aplan to invite all African countries tojoin the AfricanUnion.
   D. An important initiative to permit tourists to visit Africa without a visa.

1.What is the news report mainly about?
本篇新闻报道主要是关于什么的?
A. 一项允许非洲人在非洲旅行时无需签证的拟议政策。
B.13 个非洲国家之间建立一个自由贸易区的协议。   
C. 一项邀请所有非洲国家加入非洲联盟的计划。
D. 一项允许游客免签证访问非洲的重要倡议。

新闻开头提到，非洲领导人将引入单一护照政策，允许国家间(人们的)自由流动。新闻中间的内容也围绕这一政策展开叙述。新闻最后再次提到，非洲联盟希望取消非洲人访问其他非洲国家的签证要求。由此可知，本篇新闻主要讲述非洲联盟将引入一项政策，取消非洲人访问其他非洲国家的签证要求，故选项A 为正确答案。

新闻中提到，目前有13个非洲国家相互之间有免签证协议，非洲联盟还希望在不久的将来在整个非洲大陆建立自由贸易协定，选项B杂糅了两处信息，故排除；

单一护照政策将允许非洲人在非洲旅行时无需签证，而非所有访问非洲的游客都无需签证，故排除选项D；

选项C在新闻中未提及，可排除。

2023-03-01-02.—结尾第一、二句—原词复现两个“African countries”

2. A. It will attract more investments from all over the world.
   B. It will help many African countries reduce trade deficits.
   C. It will reduce the cost of trade between African countries.
   D. It will allow Africans to play a biggerrole in world trade.

2.What benefit will a free trade deal bring toAfrican economy?
一项自由贸易协定会给非洲经济带来什么益处?
A.它将吸引来自世界各地的更多投资。              
B.它将帮助许多非洲国家减少贸易逆差。
C.它将减少非洲国家之间的贸易成本。            
D. 它将使非洲人在世界贸易中发挥更大的作用。

新闻在末尾处提到，非洲联盟还希望在不久的将来在整个非洲大陆建立自由贸易协定，因为非洲大陆内部的贸易成本比其他地区都高。由此可知，这项自由贸易协定可以降低非洲大陆内部的贸易成本，故选项C 为正确答案。
其他三个选项在新闻中均未提及，可排除。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

【听力原文】

  [3] Researchers in Iceland found a new way of tackling climate change by pumping carbon dioxide underground and turning it into stone.Other carbon capture and storage methods store carbon dioxide as a gas.But problems include a high cost and concern about leaks.This new method of burying carbon dioxide and turning it into stone is cheaper and more secure,the Guardian reports.To turn carbon dioxide into stone,researchers with the CarbFix project pumped the gas into volcanic rock and sped up the natural process,in which the volcanic rock reacts with gas and forms carbon minerals.The gas turned into solid injust two years,much faster than the hundreds or thousands of years researchers had predicted.The research took place at Iceland’s Hellisheidi power plant.Already,the project in Iceland has been increased in scale to bury 10,000 tons of carbon dioxide each year.[4]One potential difficulty is that for each ton of carbon dioxide buried,the technique requires 25 tons of water.However,the lead researcher said sea water could be.

2023-03-01-03.—开头第一句—原词复现五个“Pumping carbon dioxide underground … stone”

3. A. Cooling down volcanic rock with sea water.
   B. Storing carbon dioxide underground as a gas.
   C. Capturing carbon dioxide and burying it underthe sea.
   D. Pumping carbon dioxide underground to form stone.

3.What new method has been developed to help fight climate change?
人们开发了什么新方法来帮助对抗气候变化?
A. 用海水冷却火山岩。                        
B. 将二氧化碳作为气体储存在地下。 
C. 捕获二氧化碳并将其埋在海底。         
D. 将二氧化碳泵入地下，变成石头。 

新闻开头提到，冰岛的研究人员发现了一种应对气候变化的新方法，即把二氧化碳泵入地下并将其变成石头，故选项D为正确答案。

新方法是将二氧化碳以固体形态储存在地下，而非气体形态，故选项B错误；

选项A和选项C在新闻中均未提及，可排除。

2023-03-01-04.—结尾第二句—难—无原词复现—同义替换“25 tons of water”替换为“High consumption of water”

4. A. Lack of burying ground.
   B. Long time for processing.
   C. High consumption of water.
   D. Enormous cost of energy.

4.What is a potential difficulty in applying the new technique?
应用这一新技术的潜在困难是什么?
A. 缺少埋藏地。                             
B. 处理时间长。 
C. 耗水量大。                             
D. 巨大的能源成本。

新闻末尾提到，一个潜在困难是，每埋藏一吨二氧化碳，该技术需要25吨水。也就是说，在使用该新技术储存碳时，会消耗大量的水，故选项C为正确答案。其他三个选项均未提及，可排除。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

【听力原文】

  People in France are keeping away from the narrow French stick loaf in favour of healthier,cheaper options,a millers’association has said.[5]The National Association of French Millers says bread consumption is on the decline, with French people eating nine grams less than in the previous year.The association is concerned about the effects this trend will have on their trade and suggests three reasons why it is happening.
  [6] Firstly,the association cited changing diets,in particular,the switch to those low in calories,as a factor in the reduction of bread consumption.This could explain why the difference in consumption between genders is so big. Nowadays,men eat an approximate average of 140 grams of bread daily,whereas women eat 80 to 90 grams.The second reason they say is lifestyle changes in the country,[7]with people dedicating less time to breakfast when bread would traditionally be eaten with butter andjam.Finally,the rising costof bread is considered to be a factor,with the price of a French stick loaf increasing by nearly 25%in the last 10 years.

2023-03-01-05.—开头第二句—原词复现三个“on the decline”

5. A. It varies with the seasons.
   B. It has been on the decline.
   C. It has caused nationwide concern.
   D. It is ninety grams daily on average.

5.What does the news report say about French people's bread consumption? 
关于法国的面包食用量，新闻报道讲了什么?
A. 它随着季节的变化而变化。                
B. 它一直在下降。
C.它已经引起了全国的关注。                          
D. 它平均每天是90克。

新闻中提到，法国全国磨坊主协会称，面包食用量正在下降。由此可知，选项B 为正确答案。其余三个选项新闻中均未提及，可排除。

2023-03-01-06.—中间—难—没有原词复现，需要理解一大推

6. A. They emphasize food variety.
   B. They prefer French stick loaves.
   C. They do more cooking than men.
   D. They favor diets lower in calories.

6.What do we learn about French women from the report?
关于法国女性，我们从新闻报道中了解到什么?
A. 她们强调食物的多样性。
B.她们更喜欢法棍面包。
C.她们下厨房比男人多。
D. 她们青睐低热量饮食。

新闻中，法国全国磨坊王协会解释了法国面包食用量下降的三个原因，其中一个是饮食变化，特别是问低热量饮食的转变。接着提到，这可以解释为什么男女之间(在面包上)的食用量差异如此之大。现在，男性每天平均吃约140克面包，而女性吃80~90克面包。由此可推测，女性现在青睐低热量饮食，所以每天吃的面包比男性少很多，选项D为正确答案。
其余三个选项新闻中均未提及，可排除。

2023-03-01-07.—结尾第二句—原词复现四个“less time eating breakfast”

7. A. They bake more bread at home.
   B. They spend less time eating breakfast.
   C. They eat more fruit than they used to.
   D. They put jam instead of butter on bread.

7.What is said about lifestyle changes of the French people?
关于法国人生活方式的变化，新闻报道说了什么?
A. 他们在家里烤更多的面包。
B.他们花更少的时间吃早餐。
C. 他们吃的水果比以前多。
D. 他们在面包上放果酱而不是黄油。

新闻中，法国全国磨坊王协会解释了法国面包食用量下降的三个原因，第二个就是法国生活方式的变化：
人们花在吃早餐上的时间减少了。由此可知，选项B为正确答案。新闻中提到，人们花在吃早餐上的时间减少了，而传统上面包是与黄油和果酱一起搭配吃的。也就是说，由于面包要与黄油和果酱搭配吃，所以吃面包比较耗时，而现在早餐时间减少了，所以人们就不选择吃面包了，选项D与此不符，故排除；
选项 A和选项C在新闻中均未提及，可排除。

Section B

Directions: In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the endof each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

W一：Next,please.
M一：Yes,I’d like to book two train tickets to London tomorrow morning,please.

W二：Okay.Wh at time would you like to go?
M二：[8] Well,after the rush hour,I think.We’d like to avoid the crowds if possible.So,probably sometime around 10 o’clock.

W三：No problem.Just give me a minute.There’s one here at 9:47,then one at 10:12,and then a third at 10:26.
M三：The one at 10:12 sounds good.

W四：All right.Would you like to sit in first or secondclass?
M四：Second class is fine.Thanks.[9]Is there any chance we could have a window seat forone of those?

W五：No problem.And I’ve booked those seats next to each other for you.The total price is 36 pounds,50 cents.Is there anything else?
M五：Yes,actually,we’ll be taking our bicycles with us.What is the arrangement for that?And will it cost extra?

W六：It’s no extra cost.The price will be the same.[10]All you need to do is wait at the far end of the platform.When the train arrives,tell the train guard where you’re going,and he will help you secure the bicycles in the last carriage and give you a ticket.Then you can walk down through the train to your carriage and take your seats.[11] When you arrive in London,hand the ticket to the guard and he will return the bicycles to you.
M六：Thank you for the information.That’s very helpful.

2023-03-01-08.—男二第一句—原词复现四个“after the rush hour”

8. A. After the rush hour.
   B. Early in the morning.
   C. As soon as possible.
   D. Around lunch time.

8. A.在高峰时间之后。
B.一大早。
C.尽快。
D.午餐时间左右。

8.When would the man like to leave for London?男士想什么时候启程去伦敦?
在对话一开始，女士询问男士想什么时间去伦敦，男士回答说在交通高峰期过后，所以答案是A项。其他三项在对话中没有相关信息，故均排除。

2023-03-01-09.—男四第二句—原词复现两个“window seat”

9. A. Two first class seats.
   B. Two seats together.
   C. One window seat.
   D. One seat near the exit.

9. A.两个头等舱座位。
B.两个座位在一起。
C.一个靠窗的座位。
D.靠近出口的一个座位。

9.What is the man’s other request?男士的另一个要求是什么?
在对话中，男士询问女士有没有可能他们买的两张票中有一个座位是靠窗的，即男士要求一个靠窗的座位，所以答案为C 项。对话中女士询问男士他们想坐一等车厢还是二等车厢，男士回答说二等车厢，故排 除A项；对话中女士主动告知男士她已经为他们预订了相邻的座位，所以B项不是男士的要求，而是女士 主动做的，故排除；D 项在对话中没有相关信息，故也排除。

2023-03-01-10.—女六第二句—原词复现七个“at the far end of the platform”

10. A. In the middle of the platform.
    B. At the far end of the platform.
    C. Behind the yellow line.
    D. In the waiting room.

10. A.在站台中间。
B.在站台的另一端。
C.在黄线后面。
D.在候诊室。

10.Where should the man wait for the train?男士应该在哪里等火车?
在对话中，男士提到他们将要携带自行车乘火车，询问女士此方面的相关安排，女士称，他们需要做的就是在站台的远端等车，当火车到达时，告诉列车员他们的目的地，列车员会帮他们把自行车固定在最后一节车厢，并给他们一张票，然后他们就可以穿过火车走到自己的车厢就座。由此可知，答案为B项。其他 选项在对话中没有相关信息，故均排除。

2023-03-01-11.—女六第五句—原词复现四个“the ticket to the”

11. A. Wait in a queue for his turn.
    B. Go to the baggage claim area.
    C. Pay an extra fee for the service.
    D. Give the ticket to the train guard.

11. A.排队等轮到他。
B.去行李提取处。
C.为这项服务支付额外费用。
D.把票给列车员。

11.What should the man do to collect the bicycles?男士应该怎么做才能领走自行车?
在对话最后，女士提到，当男士他们到达伦敦时，把票交给列车员，列车员就会把自行车还给他们，所以答案为D项。在对话中，男士咨询女士携带自行车乘坐火车是否收取额外的费用，女士回答说没有额外的 费用，故排除C项 ；A 、B 两项在对话中没有相关信息，故均排除。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

M一：Good morning.Our guest today is Karen Brook.Karen is the managing director of Cube Movie Theater,located on Underhill Road.Thank you for coming,Karen.
W一：Thank you for having me.

M二：So,tell us about your cinema—Cube Movie Theater.
W二：Sure.Cube Movie Theater has been around now for 11 years.It’s located in what used to be a hat factory.

M三：Oh,really?
W三：Yeah.[12] There used to be many hat factories in Britain until around the 1950s,but fashion changed and most people stopped wearing hats.So practically all of those factories had to close down.This one,in particular,was closed for 47 years before we transformed it into a movie theater.

M四：I see.I hear there’s something else that makes your theater special.What is it that sets you apart from other theaters?
W四：[13] We are the only movie theater in the whole country that only shows foreign movies.

M五：Is there enough demand for that?[14]I would have thought that in London,most people don’t speak foreign languages.
W五：Sure,there’s enough demand.The fact that we have been open and in business for all these years proves it.London is a very large and international city.There are lots of people interested in watching such movies.[15]Furthermore, I might add,all movies come with English text at the bottom of the screen.So even if you don’t understand what the actors say,you can still read it.

M六：Of course.What movie are you showing right now?
W六：This week we’re showing a musical from Pakistan.It’s very popular.

2023-03-01-12.—女三第二句—原词复现两个“close down”

12. A. Almost all of them were operating at a deficit.
    B. They have all been turned into movie theatres.
    C. Nearly all of them closed down decades ago.
    D. They have adapted to meet fashion changes.

12. A.几乎所有这些公司都在亏损经营。
B.它们都被改成电影院了。
C.几乎所有的都在几十年前关闭了。
D.他们已经适应了时尚的变化。

12.What do we learn about hat factories in Britain?关于英国的制帽厂，我们了解到什么?
在对话中，女士提到他们电影院坐落在曾经的一个制帽厂，然后她继续说大约20世纪50年代之前，英国曾经有很多制帽厂，但时尚发生了变化，大多数人不再戴帽子了，所以几乎所有这些工厂都不得不关闭了，由此可知，答案为C项。对话中，女士提到他们把一家制帽厂改造成了电影院，并未提及是否所有的制帽厂都被改造成了电影院，故排除B项；女士提到几乎所有这些制帽厂都不得不关闭了，故排除D项 ；A 项在对话中没有相关信息，故也排除。

2023-03-01-13.—女四—原词复现三个“show foreign movies”

13. A. It shows foreign movies exclusively.
    B. It shows movies from the 1950s.
    C. It is the oldest theatre in London.
    D. It is located next to a hat factory.

13.A.它只放映外国电影。
B.放映20世纪50年代的电影。
C.这是伦敦最古老的剧院。
D.它位于一家帽子厂的旁边。

13.What is special about Cube Movie Theater?立方体电影院有什么特别之处?
在对话中，男士向女士提问，是什么让她所在的电影院与众不同，女士回答说她所在的是全国唯一一家只放映外国电影的电影院，所以答案是A 项。对话中提到大约20世纪50年代之前，英国曾经有很多制帽厂， B项是利用细节信息设置的迷惑选项，故排除；女士提到立方体电影院坐落在曾经的一个制帽厂，而并非位于一家制帽厂的旁边，故排除D项 ；C 项在对话中没有相关信息，故也排除。

2023-03-01-14.—男五第二句—原词复现四个“don’t speak foreign languages”

14. A. They wear hats on social occasions.
    B. They don’t speak foreign languages.
    C. They enjoy watching foreign movies.
    D. They don’t go to movie theatres often.

14. A.他们在社交场合戴帽子。
B.他们不讲外语。
C.他们喜欢看外国电影。
D.他们不经常去电影院。

14.What does the man say about most people in London?关于大多数伦敦人，男士说了什么?
对话中，当女士提到他们电影院只放映外国电影，男士询问是否有足够的观影需求，因为他本以为在伦敦，大多数人都不会说外语，所以答案是B项。其他几项的内容男士均未提及，故排除。

2023-03-01-15.—女五第四句—原词复现三个“English … the screen”

15. A. They are meant mostly for immigrants.
    B. They attract large crowds of young Londoners.
    C. They are hard for English people to appreciate.
    D. They have an English translation on the screen.

15.A.它们主要是针对移民的。
B.它们吸引了大批伦敦年轻人。
C.它们对英国人来说很难欣赏。
D.屏幕上有英文翻译。

15.What does the woman say about foreign movies shown in London? 关于在伦敦上映的外国电影，女士说了什么?
在对话中，女士向男士解释伦敦有足够的观看外语电影的需求时补充道，所有的电影都在屏幕的底部有英文文本，因此，即使观众不明白演员说什么，还可以看字幕，所以答案是D项，据此也可以排除C项 。A、B两项在对话中都没有相关信息，故均排除。

Section C

Directions: In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  Love them or hate them,smartphones have become an integral part of our daily lives.But should they be left outside the classroom?
  Nick Gibb,Minister for School Standards in England,believes schools should ban their pupils from bringing in smartphones.
  [16] Astrid Natley,a secondary school math teacher,incorporates phones into her classroom."My school doesn’t have money for tablets,"she says.“When students use their phones for research,they learn they have a powerful tool in their hands.If we stop children using phones,we’re rejecting something they care about.”
  Meanwhile,Helen Lockhart,a registered nurse working for community education,supports a complete ban.“[17] I’m banned from mobile use at work,and my phone must be handed in.If I’m caught with it in my pocket,I will be subject to disciplinary procedure,which will impact on my career.We need to teach children how to behave like the professionals they are striving to become."
  Richard Stone,an English teacher,thinks there should be a clear separation between school and home.“Students should do things differently in the two environments.Children are getting more than enough screen time in their lives without theneed to bring their phone into the classroom.[18]The internet is too easy and too unreliable a research tool, so let’s leave phones and laptops at home,and show them adifferent world in their lessons—one of books and pens,"he says.

2023-03-01-16.—开头第四句—原词复现三个“incorporate … into her …”

16. A. She doesn’t think smartphones can replace tablets.
    B. She incorporates smartphones into her teaching.
    C. She cannot stop children using smartphones.
    D. She regards smartphones as a distraction.

16. A.她认为智能手机无法取代平板电脑。
B.她将智能手机融入到她的教学中。
C.她不能阻止孩子们使用智能手机。
D.她认为智能手机会让人分心。

16.What do we learn about Astrid Natley,a secondary school math teacher?
关于中学数学老师阿斯特里德 · 纳特利，我们了解到了什么?

录音中提到，中学数学教师阿斯特里德·纳特利将手机引入课堂。选项B与录音内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项A、C和D录音中均未提及，故排除。

2023-03-01-17.—中间—原词复现两个“children … professional”

17. A. To enforce school discipline.
    B. To make students concentrate.
    C. To help children grow up to be professionals.
    D. To cultivate children’s good study habits.

17. A.加强学校纪律。
B.使学生集中注意力。
C.帮助孩子成长为专业人士。
D.培养孩子良好的学习习惯。

Why does Helen Lockhart,a registered nurse,support a complete ban on smartphone use in the classroom?
为什么注册护士海伦·洛克哈特支持完全禁止在教室里使用智能手机?

录音中提到，从事社区教育工作的注册护士海伦·洛克哈特在工作中禁用手机，若被发现随身携带手机将受到纪律处分，影响其职业生涯。她表示，我们需要教孩子们如何表现得像他们努力成为的专业人士。选项C与录音内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项A、B 和D 录音中均未提及，故排除。

2023-03-01-18.—结尾第一句—原词复现三个“books and pens”

18. A. Use books and pens only.
    B. Cut down their screen time.
    C. Make full use of electronic devices.
    D. Learn to use the internet for research.

18. A.只使用书本和笔。
B.减少看屏幕的时间。
C.充分利用电子设备。
D.学会使用互联网进行研究。

What should students do in the classroom according to Richard Stone,an English teacher?
根据英语老师理查德·斯通所说，学生们在课堂上应该做什么?

录音中提到，理查德 ·斯通认为互联网是一种太简单、太不可靠的研究工具，所以让我们把手机和笔记本电脑留在家里，让他们在课堂上看到一个不同的世界——书本和笔的世界。选项A与录音内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项B 、C和D录音中均未提及，故排除。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  [19] Kate,a six-year-old girl,helped her brother wash windows to get a reward promised by her mother,a purple doll that she wanted.She watched her mother order the doll online.The next day Kate asked if she could check the shipping status,so her mom clicked on the web page and then walked out of the room.Kate saw that her doll would be arriving the next afternoon,but then she noticed something else,sugestions about other dolls and toys she could order. [20]15 minutes and a few clicks later,with more than $350 worth of dolls in her cart,Kate placed the order and ran off to play.
  The next day,while checking on another online order,her mother noticed a long list of dolls on the way.She was able to cancel two of them,but it was too late to cancel the rest.She told her daughter that they were going to be returned.When the packages arrived,Kate wanted to open them,but her parents said no.[21] Instead of sending back the dolls,her father suggested giving them to the local children’s hospital.So the next week,Kate’s family loaded up their car and took all the dolls to the playroom at the children’s hospital.Kate was depressed at first,but then she sat with some girl patients and they opened up all the boxes together,laughing and playing.She had a lot of fun and learned a really good lesson.

2023-03-01-19.—开头第一句—原词复现五个“help her brother wash windows”

19. A. By cleaning the kitchen floor.
    B. By looking after her baby brother.
    C. By helping her mother do the dishes.
    D. By helping her brother wash windows.

19. A.打扫厨房地板。
B.照顾她的小弟弟。
C.帮助她妈妈洗碗。
D.帮助她哥哥擦窗户。

How did Kate earn the reward from her mother?
凯特如何从她妈妈那里得到了奖励?

录音开头提到，凯特帮助哥哥擦窗户以获得妈妈承诺的奖励，一个她想要的紫色洋娃娃。选项D 与录音内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项A、B和C录音中均未提及，故排除。

2023-03-01-20.—中间—原词复现两个“of dolls”

20. A. She ordered a large number of dolls.
    B. She checked if a purple doll was ordered.
    C. She mistakenly canceled her mom’s order.
    D. She ordered a more expensive doll instead.

20.A.她订购了大量的洋娃娃。
B.她检查了一下是否订购了紫色的娃娃。
C.她错误地取消了她妈妈的订单。
D.她改买了一个更贵的娃娃。

20.What did Kate do after her mother left the room?
凯特在她妈妈离开房间后做了什么?

录音中提到，凯特在妈妈打开的购物网页中看到了推荐订购的其他洋娃娃和玩具，于是她点击了几下鼠标，下单订购了总价值350多美元的洋娃娃。选项A 与录音内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项B、C 和D 录音中均未提及，故排除。

2023-03-01-21.—结尾第二句—原词复现三个“the children’s hospital”

21. A. They asked the children’s hospital to pick them.
    B. They took all of them to the children’s hospital.
    C. They opened all of them one by one.
    D. They discussed where to keep them.

21. A.他们让儿童医院挑选他们。
B.他们把他们都送到了儿童医院。
C.他们一个一个地打开了所有的。
D.他们讨论了在哪里保存它们。

21.What did Kate’s family do after the packages arrived?
包裹到达后，凯特的家人做了什么?

录音中提到，她爸爸建议把它们捐给当地的儿童医院，而不是退货。因此，第二周，凯特的家人把洋娃娃装到了车上，把所有这些娃娃都带到了儿童医院的游戏室。选项B与录音内容一致，因此为正确答案，同时可排除选项A。选项C与录音内容不符，故排除。D 项录音中未提及，也排除。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  Can the date you were born affect how successful your life is?According to recent research done in Australia,the answer is yes.[22] The researchers found that the time when a person starts school has an enduring impact on their lives.Those who are relatively old,compared to their classmates,have certain advantages over them.Previous research has found older students achieve better results.They are also more likely to attend university and become professional athletes,chief executives and even important politicians.[23] But the Australian researchers wanted to discover what was driving these differences.They suspected older,more mature students obtained more self-confidence than their peers because they achieved better grades.
  To test this out,they conducted two studies.One was with high school students and the other with more than a thousand Australian adults,age between 24 and 60 yearsold.[24]In the first study more than 600 high school students were surveyed about their tendency to take risks and feel confident.In the second study,those born on both sides of the cutoff date for starting school were asked to complete online math questions and rate their performance.They were also asked about the risks they took while riding bicycles and managing their finances.The researchers found that older students displayed greater risk-taking tendencies.[25]While risk-taking can beconsidereda negative attribute,it’s also a characteristic of successful people,including athletes,political leaders and entrepreneurs.

2023-03-01-22.—开头第三句—原词复现两个“start school”

22. A. The time one starts school.
    B. The classroom atmosphere.
    C. The school that one attends.
    D. The relationship with classmates.

22. A.开始上学的时间。
B.课堂气氛。
C.就读的学校。
D.与同学的关系。

According to recent research conducted in Australia,what has a lasting impact on one’s life? 根据最近在澳大利亚所进行的研究，什么对一个人的生活有持久的影响?

录音中提到，研究人员发现，一个人开始上学的时间对他们的生活有持久的影响。选项A与录音内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项B、C和D录音中均未提及，故排除。

2023-03-01-23.—中间—原词复现一个“differences”

23. A. To help parents decide when to send their children to school.
    B. To find causes for differences in the participants’performance.
    C. To identify students having potential to be professional athletes.
    D. To offer constructive suggestions for making educational policies.

23. A.帮助父母决定何时送孩子上学。
B.找出参与者表现差异的原因。
C.发现有潜力成为职业运动员的学生。
D.为制定教育政策提供建设性建议。

What was the purpose of the Australian research?
这项澳大利亚研究的目的是什么?

录音中提到，之前的研究发现，年龄较大的学生能取得更好的成绩，他们也更有可能上大学，成为职业运动员、首席执行官，甚至是重要的政治家，而澳大利亚的研究人员希望发现是什么导致了这些差异。选项 B与录音内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项A 、C和D 录音中均未提及，故排除。

2023-03-01-24.—中间—原词复现三个“high school students”

24. A. Political leaders.
    B. Financial analysts.
    C. Professional athletes.
    D. High-school students.

24. A.政治领导人。
B.金融分析师。
C.专业运动员。
D.高中生。

Who were the participants in the researchers’first study?
研究人员的第一项研究的参与者是谁?

录音中提到，研究人员进行了两项研究，一组是高中生，另一组是1000多名年龄在24岁到60岁之间的澳大利亚成年人，在第一项研究中，他们调查了600多名高中生的冒险倾向和自信倾向。由此可知，第一项研究的参与者是高中生，故选D。选项A 、C只是录音中出现的其他细节信息，不是第一项研究的参与者，故 排除。选项B录音中未提及，故排除。

2023-03-01-25.—结尾第一句—原词复现全部

25. A. Leadership ability.
    B. Commitment to work.
    C. Risk-taking.
    D. Self-confidence.

25. A.领导能力。
B.对工作的承诺。
C.冒险。
D.自信。

According to the researchers,what is one characteristic of successful people?
研究人员认为，成功人士的一个特点是什么?

录音最后提到，虽然冒险可以被认为是一种负面的品质，但它也是成功人士的一个特征。选项C 与录音内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项D只是录音中出现的其他细节信息，研究人员并未提及它是成功人士的特征，故排除。选项A 、B录音中均未提及，故排除。

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter:Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
  It’s a fantasy that goes back centuries:a message in a bottle,carried ashore from far-off lands.Authors, artists and children 26 have dreamed of such a gift from the sea.
  This time,though,it’s not a bottle that washes ashore.It’s eggs—thousands of little toy eggs. That’s what happened on the German island of Langegoog this week.
  Lyingjust off the North Sea coast,it found itself 27 by an invasion of colored plastic eggs—much to the 28 of local children,because the eggs contained toys.
  Police 29 the eggs came from a freighter that lost part of its cargo during an unusually30 storm,the worst to hit Germany’s northeastern coast since 2006.
  At any rate,what was lost has now been found by many of the community’s littlest residents.
  "The surprise eggs have found their way to freedom,"said Mayor Uwe Garrels.However,the joy of the moment 31 off soon.
  “At first I thought this was a wonder,because everything was so 32 ,but then we realized that this is a huge 33 in the end,"said the mayor.He also noted the plastic bags and other materials that have washed ashore on the island can cause serious problems for 34.
  Still,all these little eggs contained an extra treat with their toys.They 35 notes from afar.
  There was just one problem for the German children who received theM：They were written in Russian.

A. wore
B. wildlife
C. suspect
D. struck
E. similar
F. quantity
G. overthrown
H. mess
I. intense
J. human
K. effective
L. delight
M. colorful
N. bore
O. alike

Section B

Directions: In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter:Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Hyphenating your last name after marriage?

A. Congratulations on deciding to get married!While being married is great and wonderful,the act of getting married can be quite stressful.There is the planning of the ceremony itself,the merging(合并) of two households and all of the details involved in that.You also have to take the time to apply foryour marriage license and then decide whether or not you are going to keep your last name or change it.

B. This is where a lot of people have trouble.Once upon a time,it was just customary for a bride to take her groom’s last name as her own and abandon her maiden name completely.The act of keeping her own last name was considered taboo(禁忌)and people’s eyebrows would raise right off their faces when they found out that the bride was even considering something so radical.Over time,though,more and more women are deciding to keep their last names.

C. There are a lot of reasons to want to keep your own last name.Hopefully you have a supportive groom who understands why this idea is the most appealing to you.A lot of times,though,the act of keeping your name is still something that causes concern.Even if your groom is fine with it,his family(or your own)might not be so understanding.

D. There are a couple of ways to compromise on the issue.You could choose an entirely new last name for the two of you to share.This way neither of you gets "your"way and you both have to deal with the legalities of going through a name change.Most of the time,though,the most popular compromise is to hyphenate your ast name and the last name of your groom.For example,if your groom’s name is John Smith and your name is Kate Jones,you would name yourself Kate Jones-Smith or Kate Smith-Jones.This allows you to keep going by your own last name while legally adopting your husband’s last name at the same time.

E. The compromise is the biggest reason that so many women choose to hyphenate their last names.It is a way of you keeping your own identity while also making your future husband happy.It allows you to stay connected to accomplishments that you achieved before you got married.For example,many women who choose to hyphenate do so partially because they have earned higher educational degrees and certifications under their maiden names.They might have also had things published or publicized and want to stay connected to that identity.Hyphenating your last name can help you bridge the gap between your personal and professional lives.Many women who opt to simply keep their own names do so because they don’t want to give up all that they have accomplished professionally.Adopting their husband’s last name makes it hard for them to claim ownership of these accomplishments personally because they happened under their “other” name.

F. While tradition is one thing,there isn’t any logical reason to completely change your name.Keeping your name and joining it to your husband’s through hyphenation is as legal as simply adopting his name or as simply keeping your own and leaving his out of the picture entirely.

G. Probably the most important reason to consider hyphenation is your identity.You’ve spent your whole life building your identity under a certain name.Obviously you will still be you even if you’ve taken on your husband’s last name and omitted yours entirely.At the same time,your name is associated with the identity you’ve built up and hyphenation allows you to respect that while also respecting tradition and your husband’s family’s identity.

H. If you care about outside opinions on your name,you should know that a large portion of today’s society is annoyed by the hyphenated name.Some people find it"snobby"(势利的)and others simply find it iritating because they have a hard time remembering which last name they are supposed to say first.Some people even believe that not simply adopting your husband’s last name is a huge sign of disrespect and a lack of commitment.

I. It is possible that your future husband will find this choice offensive.Some men,regardless of how you might feel about such things,are traditionalists and feel that it is simply "right"for the woman to take the man’s last name as her own.Whether your future husband insisting on your adopting his last name isa red flag to you or not,it is still something that you should take into consideration.

J. There are all sorts of reasons to hyphenate your name or not to hyphenate your name.The basis for each of these things,however,is whether or not you are willing to make a compromise when it comes to changing your name.The hyphenation is the epitome(体现)of a compromise.One spouse wants a complete name change.The other spouse wants no name change.Hyphenating the two names is a way for each person to,at least a little bit,"win"the argument.

K. And don’t forget the legal stuff!Making the decision is just part of the process.From there you are going to have to legally change your name all over the place.You’ll need to change your name at the bank,with social security,with your credit cards,on your driver’s license,at the gym…everywhere.It’s easy to get overwhelmed just thinking about it.

L. What matters,of course,is that the two of you are goingto be happilymarried—hopefully for the rest of your lives.At the end of the day,whether you each keep your names,whether you come up with an entirely new name for the two of you to share or whether you hyphenate your current last names,what matters is that you love each other and are going to be joining your lives together.Try to remember that as you are staring at the application for your marriage license and filling out the portion that reads “name after you get married”(or whatever the legalese for that might be).

36. Many people today still find name hyphenation upon marriage unacceptable.
37. As a compromise,a bride will in most cases adopt a name that combines the couple’s last names.
38. The bride should consider adopting her groom’s last name whether he feels strongly about it or not.
39. Makingpreparations for marriage causes a lot of stress.
40. Hyphenating the last names could be a win-win solution should arguments arise about what name to adopt upon marriage.
41. It used to be considered socially unacceptable for a bride to retain her maiden name.
42. The bride who adopts a hyphenated last name after marriage can maintain connections with their past achievements.
43. Hyphenating names allows the bride to preserve her own identity while respecting tradition.
44. No matter what name the bride adopts,it is most important that the newlyweds truly love each other.
45. Legally speaking,the bride is free to choose whatever name she prefers.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

  It’s good to be smart.After all,intelligent people earn more money,accumulate more wealth,and even live longer.But there’s another side to the story.The brightest people and strongest leaders sometimes make errors others don’t,especially in situations that require common sense.
  Travis Bradberry,president at TalentSmart,explained in his post Why Smart People Act So Stupid that "Rational thinking and intelligence don’t tend to go hand in hand.Intelligent people are more prone to silly mistakes because of blind spots in how they use logic.These blind spots exist because smart people tend to be overconfident in their reasoning abilities."They are so used to being right and having quick answers that they don’t even realise when they’re making a mess by answering without thinking things through.
  A lifetime of praise leads smart people to develop too much faith in their intelligence and abilities.They often fail to recognise when they need help,and when they do recognise it,they tend to believe that no one else is capable of providing it.
  "It’s hard for anyone to graciously accept the fact that they’re wrong.It’s even harder for smart people because they grow so used to beingright all the time that it becomes a part of theiridentity,"Bradberry wrote.“For smart people,being wrong can feel like a personal attack,and being right,a necessity.”
  Smart people also have a hard time accepting feedback.They tend to undervalue the opinions of others, which means they have trouble believing that anyone is qualified to give them useful feedback.Not only does this tendency hinder their growth and performance,it can lead to harmful relationships,both personally and professionally.
  Smart people develop overachieving personalities because things come so easily to them.They simply don’t understand how hard some people have to work to accomplish the same things,and because of that,they push people too hard.They set the bar too high,and when people take too long or don’t get things quite right,they assume it’s due to a lack of effort.So they push even harder.

1. 概览

本文节选自网站www.bbc.com 2015年11月19日发表的一篇题为“Why Smart People Act So Stupid”的文章。文章指出，聪明人有时会犯一些其他人不会犯的错误，因为他们对自己过于自信。聪明人除了很难接受自己错了的事实之外，还很难接受反馈。他们往往会把人逼得太紧。

2. 全文翻译

  聪明是好事。毕竟，聪明人赚得更多，积累的财富也更多，甚至寿命也更长。但是，故事还有另一面。[46] 最聪明的人和最强的领导者有时候会犯一些其他人不会犯的错误，尤其是在需要常识的情况下。
  TalentSmart公司的总裁特拉维斯 ·布拉德伯里在他的帖子“为什么聪明 人表现得如此愚蠢”中解释道：“理性思维和智力往往不是密切相关的。 [47]聪明人更容易犯愚蠢的错误，因为他们在运用逻辑方面存在盲点。这些 盲点之所以存在，是因为聪明人往往对自己的推理能力过干自信。 ”他们 太习惯于正确和快速回答，以至于当他们因为没有进行充分的思考就作答复 而把事情搞得一团糟时，他们甚至都没有意识到。
  一生的赞美会导致聪明人过于相信自己的智慧和能力。他们常常无法意 识到自己什么时候需要帮助，而当他们的确意识到自己需要帮助时，他们往往认为没有其他人能够提供帮助。
  “任何人都很难欣然接受自己错了的事实。对聪明人来说就更难了，因 为他们已经习惯于自己总是对的，以至于这成了他们身份的一部分。”布拉德伯里写道。[48]“对于聪明人来说，犯错就像是一种人身攻击，而正确则是必要的。”
  [49]聪明人也很难接受反馈。他们倾向于低估其他人的意见，这意味着 他们很难相信有人有资格给予他们有用的反馈。[49]这种倾向不仅会阻碍他们的成长和表现，还会对个人和职业上的人际关系有害。
  聪明人会养成争强好胜的性格，因为事情对他们来说太容易了。他们根本不明白一些人为了完成同样的事情需要付出多大的努力，正因为如此，他们把别人逼得太紧了。[50]他们把标准定得太高了，当人们花了太长时间或者没有把事情做得很好的时候，他们会认为这是由于缺乏努力所致。所以他们会逼得更紧。

3. 重难点词汇及短语

• intelligent adj.聪明的
• accumulate v.积累
• error n. 错误
• common sense常识
• rational adj.理性的
• go hand inhand密切相关
• be prone to易于 …… ，有 ……的倾向
• blind spot 盲点
• logic n.逻辑
• make a mess 弄得一团糟
• graciously adv.有风度地，优雅地
• identity n.身份；特性
• feedback n.反馈
• undervalue v.低 估
• qualified adj.有资格的
• hinder v.阻碍
• professionally adv.在职业上
• overachieve v.争强好胜；过于进取；学习或工作得比预期好
• push v.逼迫，督促；推
• set the bar 设定标准
• assume v.以为；假定

2023-03-01-46.—细节辨认题—易—同义替换—“error”替换为“mistake”

46. What do we learn from the passage about the brightest people? 【原文：The brightest people and strongest leaders sometimes make errors others don’t,especially in situations that require common sense.】
    A. They can make silly mistakes in straightforward situations.
    B. They usually turn a blind eye to their own weaknesses.
    C. They are admired by people around them.
    D. They can differ in their personalities.

46.关于最聪明的人，我们从文章中了解到什么?
A. 他们会在简单的情况下犯愚蠢的错误。	
B. 他们通常对自己的弱点视而不见。
C. 他们受到周围人的钦佩。	
D. 他们的个性可能不同。

根据题干关键词the brightest people可以将答案定位到第一段最后一句。

第一段最后一句指出，最聪明的人和最强的领导者有时候会犯一些其他人不会犯的错误，尤其是在需要常识的情况下。需要常识的情况，其实就是简单的情况，因为常识应该是人人都知道的。由此可知，最聪明的人在一些简单的情况下会犯愚蠢的错误，故本题应选A。

选项B 、C 、D的内容文章都没有提及，可以排除。

2023-03-01-47.—细节辨认题—难—同义替换—“Too much faith in”替换为“overconfident in”

47. What accounts for the existence of intelligent people’s logical blind spots?【原文：These blind spots exist because smart people tend to be overconfident in their reasoning abilities."They are so used to being right and having quick answers that they don’t even realise when they’re making a mess by answering without thinking things through.】
    A. Their irrational way of thinking.
    B. Too much faith in their ability to think.
    C. Their ignorance of behavioural science.
    D. Too much concern about their work.

47.是什么原因导致聪明人存在逻辑盲点?
A. 他们的非理性思维方式。                 
B. 他们过于相信自己的思考能力。  
C. 他们对于行为科学的无知。         
D. 他们过于关心自己的工作。 

根据题干关键词logical blind spots可以将答案定位到第二段。

第二段引语中的第二句指出，聪明人更容易犯愚蠢的错误，因为他们在运用逻辑方面存在盲点。接着下一句指出原因，这些盲点之所以存在，是因为聪明人往往对自己的推理能力过于自信。由此可知，本题应选 B 。B选项中的Too much faith in与原文中的overconfident in是同义替换。

其余三项文中未提及，故排除。

2023-03-01-48.—细节辨认题—难—同义替换—“feel like a personal attack”替换为“offend冒犯”

48. How do smart people react when they are found to be wrong?【原文：“For smart people,being wrong can feel like a personal attack,and being right,a necessity.”】
    A. They shift the blame to others.
    B. They graciously accept the facts.
    C. They may feel shocked.
    D. They may get offended.

48.当聪明人被发现自己错了时，他们会有什么反应?
A. 他们把责任推到别人身上。
B. 他们欣然接受这一事实。
C. 他们可能会感到震惊。
D. 他们可能会被冒犯。

根据题干关键词found to be wrong可以将答案定位到第四段。

第四段指出，任何人都很难欣然接受自己错了的事实，对聪明人来说就更难了。第四段最后一句指出，对于聪明人来说，犯错就像是一种人身攻击。对比四个选项，只有 “他们可能会被冒犯” 与原文一致，故选 D。

选项A和C文章没有提到，可排除。选项B与原文意思相反，也可以排除。

2023-03-01-49.—细节辨认题—难—定位难，同义替换“difficult to accept suggestions”替换为“have a hard time accepting feedback”，—由“hinder their growth and performance阻碍他们的成长和表现”推出“suffer in their professional and private life会在职业和个人生活中受挫”

49. What may happen to smart people who find it difficult to accept suggestions?【原文：Smart people also have a hard time accepting feedback.They tend to undervalue the opinions of others, which means they have trouble believing that anyone is qualified to give them useful feedback.Not only does this tendency hinder their growth and performance,it can lead to harmful relationships,both personally and professionally.】
    A. They may suffer in their professional and private life.
    B. They may lose faith in theiradministrative abilities.
    C. They may commit more errors than ever before.
    D. They may experience a lot of emotional stress.

49.对于那些觉得难以接受建议的聪明人来说，可能会发生什么?
A. 他们可能会在职业和个人生活中受挫。     
B. 他们可能不再相信自己的管理能力。
C. 他们可能会犯比以往更多的错误。       
D. 他们可能会经受很大的情绪压力 。

根据题干关键词difficult to accept suggestions可以将答案定位到倒数第二段。suggestions 与原文中的 feedback属于同义替换。

倒数第二段指出，聪明人也很难接受反馈，这种倾向不仅会阻碍他们的成长和表现，还会对个人和职业上的人际关系有害。也就是说，因为聪明人很难接受别人的建议，所以这会导致他们在个人生活和职业上遭受一些挫折，故选项A正确。

其余三项文章中均没有提及，故排除。

2023-03-01-50.—推理判断题—由“push people too hard把别人逼得太紧了”推出“increasing pressure越来越大的压力”

50. What is said about those working with or under overachieving people?【原文：Smart people develop overachieving personalities because things come so easily to them.They simply don’t understand how hard some people have to work to accomplish the same things,and because of that,they push people too hard.They set the bar too high,and when people take too long or don’t get things quite right,they assume it’s due to a lack of effort.So they push even harder.】
    A. They put a lot of effort into their work.
    B. They set higher goals for themselves.
    C. They are under increasing pressure.
    D. They take less time to get things done.

50.对于那些与争强好胜的人一起工作或在其手下工作的人，文章中说了什么?
A. 他们在工作中付出了很多努力。           
B. 他们为自己设定了更高的目标。 
C. 他们承受着越来越大的压力。             
D. 他们花更少的时间来完成工作。 

根据题干关键词overachieving people可以将答案定位到最后一段。

最后一段指出，聪明人会养成争强好胜的性格，因为事情对他们来说太容易了。他们根本不明白一些人为了完成同样的事情需要付出多大的努力，正因为如此，他们把别人逼得太紧了。他们把标准定得太高了，当人们花了太长时间或者没有把事情做得很好的时候，他们会认为这是由于缺乏努力所致。所以他们会逼得更紧。由此可知，与争强好胜的人一起工作或者在其手下工作的人会承受越来越大的压力，故本题选 C。

选项A比较容易误选，原文是说要想完成相同的事情，其他人要付出很多努力，并没有说争强好胜者的同事或部下工作都特别努力，故排除。

选项B 与原文不符，原文是说聪明人设定了太高的标准，而不是其同事或手下，故排除。

选项D与原文相反，他们应该是花更多的时间来完成工作，故排除。

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

  Of the endless troubles that come with being driven from one’s home country,losingeducational certificates may seem small.But it isn’t.Refugees who settle in other countries often find themselves unable to continue on their previous career path due to a new set of employer standards or skills requirements.To solve this problem, the U.S.State Department is posing a solution:online learning.
  The State Department will announce a partnership with an online education platform called Coursera.The platform will allow refugees worldwide to take thousands of online courses for free.“Coursera for Refugees” will be available for any non-profit group that supports refugees in any country,as well as individual refugees. They can apply for fully funded access to Coursera’s course catalog,which means they can take all of the platform’s classes and obtainprofessional certificates for free.The platform currently offers professor-led lectures on a broad range of topics,from data science to fashion design.
  As the world migrant crisis intensifies,employment is becoming a global concern.The new program aims to aid refugees by offering"important skills that will help them in the global economy,"Evan Ryan,U.S.assistant secretary of state for educational and cultural affairs,said on a press call last week."What we don’t want to do is not act,"added Coursera chief operations officer Lila Ibrahim.
  The idea isn’t without problems.For one,starting a new career path isn’t as simple as watching a few videos and obtaining an online certificate;even those looking to continue previous careers can’t simply rely on an online lecture to get them up-to-date on standards,policies,and practices.For another,most of the classes on Coursera are in English,and though there are plans to add translations,language barriers can be a big obstacle.Then there are the questions over the value of massive open online courses(MOOCs)themselves—both for refugees and for average learners.
  But it’s still early days and there are signs of hope.In 2015,a joint study found 72%of people taking the MOOCs saw career benefits afterwards.

2023-03-01-51.—细节辨认题—易—同义替换—new set of employer standards or skills requirements替换为help them to meet new employment standards

51. Why is the U.S.State Department launching an online learning program for refugees?【原文：Refugees who settle in other countries often find themselves unable to continue on their previous career path due to a new set of employer standards or skills requirements.To solve this problem, the U.S.State Department is posing a solution:online learning.】
    A. To enable them to settle down in host countries.
    B. To allow them to learn as many job skills as possible.
    C. To offer them a platform to pursue advanced degrees.
    D. To help them to meet new employment standards.

51. 美国国务院为什么要为难民启动一个在线学习项目？
A.使他们能够在东道国定居。
B.让他们学习尽可能多的工作技能。
C.为他们提供攻读更高学位的平台。
D.帮助他们达到新的就业标准。

根据题干关键词U.S. State Department和online learning program可以将答案定位到第一段最后一句。但是题干问的是原因，在定位句前后寻找，发现原因在第一段倒数第二句。

第一段最后两句指出，在其他国家定居的难民经常会发现，由于有一套新的雇主标准或技能要求，他们无法继续自己原来的职业道路了。为了解决这个问题，美国国务院提出了一个解决方案：在线学习。由此可知，美国国务院为难民启动在线学习计划是为了帮他们达到新的就业标准，故选项D正确。其余三项都是利用原文出现的词设置的干扰项，意思与原文不符，故排除。

2023-03-01-52.—细节辨认题—找关键词“courses for free”和“refugees”

52. What do we know about “Coursera for Refugees”?【原文：The platform will allow refugees worldwide to take thousands of online courses for free.“Coursera for Refugees” will be available for any non-profit group that supports refugees in any country,as well as individual refugees. 】
    A. It provides refugees with a wide range of courses free of charge.
    B. It offers free online data services for refugees around the world.
    C. It allows refugees to obtain degrees in various academic fields.
    D. It supplies refugees with a great variety of job opportunities.

52. 我们对“难民课程”了解多少？
A.它为难民免费提供各种课程。
B.它为世界各地的难民提供免费的在线数据服务。
C.它允许难民获得各种学术领域的学位。
D.它为难民提供了各种各样的工作机会。

根据题干关键问“Coursera for Refugees可以将答案定位到第二段。

第二段第三句指出，“难民免费公开课”项目将适用于任何支持各国难民的非营利组织以及难民个人。接着指出，他们可以免费学习该平台的所有课程，并获得职业证书。该平台目前提供教授主导的讲座，主题十分广泛，从数据科学到时装设计都有。由此可知，“难民免费公开课”为难民免费提供广泛的课程，故选项A正确。选项B错在提供的不是免费的“数据服务”，而是课程。原文提到可以获得职业证书，但是没有提到可以获得学位和就业机会，故选项C和D可以排除。

2023-03-01-53.—推理判断题—难—由“employment is becoming a global concern就业正成为全球关注的问题”推出“Refugees find it more difficult to get a job难民发现更难找到工作”

53. What does the passage say is a consequence of the global migrant crisis?【原文：As the world migrant crisis intensifies,employment is becoming a global concern.The new program aims to aid refugees by offering "important skills that will help them in the global economy,"Evan Ryan,U.S.assistant secretary of state for educational and cultural affairs,said on a press call last week."What we don’t want to do is not act,"added Coursera chief operations officer Lila Ibrahim.】
    A. Instability increases in host countries.
    B. The global economic crisis intensifies.
    C. A lot more refugees die during migration.
    D. Refugees find it more difficult to get a job.

53. 文章说全球移民危机的后果是什么？
A.东道国的不稳定性增加。
B.全球经济危机加剧。
C.更多的难民在移民过程中死亡。
D.难民发现更难找到工作。

根据题干关键词global migrant crisis可以将答案定位到第三段。

第三段第一句指出，随着世界移民危机的加剧，就业正成为全球关注的问题。然后接着说，这一新计划旨在通过提供重要技能来帮助难民。上文也一直在讲难民就业难的问题。由此可知，移民危机的后果之一就是难民很难找到工作，故选项D正确。其他三项原文没有提及，可以排除。

2023-03-01-54.—细节辨认题—易—同义替换“language barriers can be a big obstacle”替换为“Lack of language skills”

54. What does the author say causes refugees’difficulty in taking online courses?【原文：For one,starting a new career path isn’t as simple as watching a few videos and obtaining an online certificate;even those looking to continue previous careers can’t simply rely on an online lecture to get them up-to-date on standards,policies,and practices.For another,most of the classes on Coursera are in English,and though there are plans to add translations,language barriers can be a big obstacle.Then there are the questions over the value of massive open online courses(MOOCs)themselves—both for refugees and for average learners.】
    A. Cultural environment
    B. Changed academic requirements.
    C. Lack of language skills.
    D. Difference in teaching platforms.

54. 作者认为是什么原因导致难民难以接受在线课程？
A.文化环境
B.改变了学术要求。
C.缺乏语言技能。
D.教学平台的差异。

本题的题干关键词是dificulty in taking onlinc courses，原文虽然没有原词重现，但是根据出题顺序与原文顺序基本一致的原则可将答案定位到第四段。

C 第四段指出了在线课程的一些弊端。一方面，光靠看视频并获得在线证书并不够，也不能简单地依靠在线讲座来了解最新的标准、政策和实践。另一方面，因为大多数课程是英语授课，所以语言障碍也是一个很大的阻碍。最后是大型开放式网络课程本身的价值问题。由此可知，缺乏语言技能是导致难民参加在线课程有困难的原因。其余三个选项的内容原文没有提及，均排除。

2023-03-01-55.—推理判断题—找到最核心的词“benefit”，而不是“career”

55. What did the joint study find about the MOOCs several years ago?【原文：But it’s still early days and there are signs of hope.In 2015,a joint study found 72%of people taking the MOOCs saw career benefits afterwards.】
    A. They helped solve learners’financial problems.
    B. They benefited most of the learners.
    C. They changed some learners’career path.
    D. They provided the most needed vocational skills.

55. 几年前关于MOOC的联合研究发现了什么？
A.他们帮助学生解决经济问题。
B.他们使大多数学习者受益。
C.他们改变了一些学习者的职业道路。
D.他们提供最需要的职业技能。

根据题干关键词the joint study和MOOCs将答案定位到最后一段第二句。
最后一段第二句指出，2015年，一项联合研究发现，有72%的人在学习了MOOC课程之后看到了职业发展的好处。由此可知，学习了MOOC课程之后，大部分人(72%)从中受益了，故选项B正确。选项A和D原文没有提及，可以排除。选项C错在原文只是说人们承认在职业方面受益了，并没有说改变了职业道路，故排除。

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
  随着生活水平的提高，更多人开始加入到自驾游的行列之中。自驾游者既可驾驶自家车也可借车或租车出游。司机可能是车主或结伴出游者。自驾游与传统的组团旅游不同，它能够更好地满足旅游者的个性化需求，使他们更好地享受旅游的过程。自驾游尤其受到年轻出游者的欢迎。年轻人追求独立自由的生活，而自驾游恰好满足了他们的这一需求。