40 C++基础-继承与派生基础

1.继承与派生基础

• 被继承的类被称为基类、父类、或超类
• 继承后的新类称为子类、派生类

子类从父类获得特征称为继承

1.1 父类

#ifndef TIME_H
#define TIME_H

class CTime{

public:

    CTime();

    void setHour(int hour);

    void setMinute(int minute);

    void setSecond(int second);

    int getHour();

    int getMinute();

    int getSecond();
private:
    int m_nHour;
    int m_nMinute;
    int m_nSecond;
};

#endif

1.2 子类继承

头文件

#ifndef CURRENT_TIME_H
#define CURRENT_TIME_H

#include "Time.h"

// 子类 CCurrentTime 继承父类 Ctime
class CCurrentTime : public CTime{

public:
    // 构造函数
    CCurrentTime();
    // 析构函数
    ~CCurrentTime();

    void init();
};

#endif

cpp实现

#include<iostream>
#include "Time.h"
#include "CurrentTime.h"

using namespace std;

CCurrentTime::CCurrentTime() 
{
    cout<<"CCurrentTime constructor"<<endl;
}

CCurrentTime::~CCurrentTime() 
{
    cout<<"CCurrentTime destructor"<<endl;
}

void CCurrentTime::init() 
{
    time_t t = time(0);
    tm tt = *localtime(&t);

    // 调用父类的方法
    setHour(tt.tm_hour);
    setMinute(tt.tm_min);
    setSecond(tt.tm_sec);
}

1.3 调用实例

#include <iostream>
#include "Time.h"
#include "CurrentTime.h"


using namespace std;

int main() {

    CCurrentTime curTime;
    curTime.init();
    // 23:55:16
    cout<<curTime.getHour()<<":"<<curTime.getMinute()<<":"<<curTime.getSecond()<<endl;
    return 0;
}