UniRx 组合使用

双击的检测

• 将游戏循环为 (Update) 变成事件流

• 组合事件流

• 合并自身事件流

• 基于时间的操作非常简单

var clickStream = Observable.EveryUpdate()
    .Where(_ => Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0));
clickStream.Buffer(clickStream.Throttle(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(250)))
    .Where(xs => xs.Count >= 2)
    .Subscribe(xs => Debug.Log("DoubleClick Detected! Count:" + xs.Count));

 

 网络操作

ObservableWWW.Get("http://google.co.jp/")
    .Subscribe(
        x => Debug.Log(x.Substring(0, 100)), // onSuccess
        ex => Debug.LogException(ex)); // onError

LINQ表达式进行查询

// composing asynchronous sequence with LINQ query expressions
var query = from google in ObservableWWW.Get("http://google.com/")
            from bing in ObservableWWW.Get("http://bing.com/")
            from unknown in ObservableWWW.Get(google + bing)
            select new { google, bing, unknown };

var cancel = query.Subscribe(x => Debug.Log(x));

// Call Dispose is cancel.
cancel.Dispose();

并行请求

// Observable.WhenAll is for parallel asynchronous operation
// (It's like Observable.Zip but specialized for single async operations like Task.WhenAll)
var parallel = Observable.WhenAll(
    ObservableWWW.Get("http://google.com/"),
    ObservableWWW.Get("http://bing.com/"),
    ObservableWWW.Get("http://unity3d.com/"));

parallel.Subscribe(xs =>
{
    Debug.Log(xs[0].Substring(0, 100)); // google
    Debug.Log(xs[1].Substring(0, 100)); // bing
    Debug.Log(xs[2].Substring(0, 100)); // unity
});

获取进度信息

// notifier for progress use ScheudledNotifier or new Progress<float>(/* action */)
var progressNotifier = new ScheduledNotifier<float>();
progressNotifier.Subscribe(x => Debug.Log(x)); // write www.progress

// pass notifier to WWW.Get/Post
ObservableWWW.Get("http://google.com/", progress: progressNotifier).Subscribe();

错误处理

// If WWW has .error, ObservableWWW throws WWWErrorException to onError pipeline.
// WWWErrorException has RawErrorMessage, HasResponse, StatusCode, ResponseHeaders
ObservableWWW.Get("http://www.google.com/404")
    .CatchIgnore((WWWErrorException ex) =>
    {
        Debug.Log(ex.RawErrorMessage);
        if (ex.HasResponse)
        {
            Debug.Log(ex.StatusCode);
        }
        foreach (var item in ex.ResponseHeaders)
        {
            Debug.Log(item.Key + ":" + item.Value);
        }
    })
    .Subscribe();

---

协程

// two coroutines

IEnumerator AsyncA()
{
    Debug.Log("a start");
    yield return new WaitForSeconds(1);
    Debug.Log("a end");
}

IEnumerator AsyncB()
{
    Debug.Log("b start");
    yield return new WaitForEndOfFrame();
    Debug.Log("b end");
}

// main code
// Observable.FromCoroutine converts IEnumerator to Observable<Unit>.
// You can also use the shorthand, AsyncA().ToObservable()

// after AsyncA completes, run AsyncB as a continuous routine.
// UniRx expands SelectMany(IEnumerator) as SelectMany(IEnumerator.ToObservable())
var cancel = Observable.FromCoroutine(AsyncA)
    .SelectMany(AsyncB)
    .Subscribe();

// you can stop a coroutine by calling your subscription's Dispose.
cancel.Dispose();

 

---

多线程

UniRx 中基于时间的操作(Interval, Timer, Buffer(timeSpan), etc) 使用 Scheduler.MainThread 作为他们的默认调度器。这意味大多数操作符（除了Observable.Start）在单线程上工作，所以 ObserverOn 不是必须的而且不需要处理线程安全。这和标准的 RxNet 不太一样，但是更符合Unity环境。

Scheduler.MainThread 会受 Time.timeScale 的影响。如果你想要忽略time scale，使用 Scheduler.MainThreadIgnoreTimeScale 。

// Observable.Start is start factory methods on specified scheduler
// default is on ThreadPool
var heavyMethod = Observable.Start(() =>
{
    // heavy method...
    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));
    return 10;
});

var heavyMethod2 = Observable.Start(() =>
{
    // heavy method...
    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3));
    return 10;
});

// Join and await two other thread values
Observable.WhenAll(heavyMethod, heavyMethod2)
    .ObserveOnMainThread() // return to main thread
    .Subscribe(xs =>
    {
        // Unity can't touch GameObject from other thread
        // but use ObserveOnMainThread, you can touch GameObject naturally.
        (GameObject.Find("myGuiText")).guiText.text = xs[0] + ":" + xs[1];
    }); 

---

MonoBehaviour的触发器

using UniRx;
using UniRx.Triggers; // need UniRx.Triggers namespace

public class MyComponent : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start()
    {
        // Get the plain object
        var cube = GameObject.CreatePrimitive(PrimitiveType.Cube);

        // Add ObservableXxxTrigger for handle MonoBehaviour's event as Observable
        cube.AddComponent<ObservableUpdateTrigger>()
            .UpdateAsObservable()
            .SampleFrame(30)
            .Subscribe(x => Debug.Log("cube"), () => Debug.Log("destroy"));

        // destroy after 3 second:)
        GameObject.Destroy(cube, 3f);
    }
}

using UniRx;
using UniRx.Triggers; // need UniRx.Triggers namespace for extend gameObejct

public class DragAndDropOnce : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start()
    {
        // All events can subscribe by ***AsObservable
        this.OnMouseDownAsObservable()
            .SelectMany(_ => this.UpdateAsObservable())
            .TakeUntil(this.OnMouseUpAsObservable())
            .Select(_ => Input.mousePosition)
            .Subscribe(x => Debug.Log(x));
    }
}

---

uGUI集成

UniRx处理 UnityEvent很简单。使用UnityEvent.AsObservable订阅事件。

public Button MyButton;
// ---
MyButton.onClick.AsObservable().Subscribe(_ => Debug.Log("clicked"));

MyButton.OnClickAsObservable().Subscribe(_ => enemy.CurrentHp.Value -= 99);

将事件转为Observables，这样就可以用声名式UI编程。

public Toggle MyToggle;
public InputField MyInput;
public Text MyText;
public Slider MySlider;

// On Start, you can write reactive rules for declaretive/reactive ui programming
void Start()
{
    // Toggle, Input etc as Observable (OnValueChangedAsObservable is a helper providing isOn value on subscribe)
    // SubscribeToInteractable is an Extension Method, same as .interactable = x)
    MyToggle.OnValueChangedAsObservable().SubscribeToInteractable(MyButton);

    // Input is displayed after a 1 second delay
    MyInput.OnValueChangedAsObservable()
        .Where(x => x != null)
        .Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1))
        .SubscribeToText(MyText); // SubscribeToText is helper for subscribe to text

    // Converting for human readability
    MySlider.OnValueChangedAsObservable()
        .SubscribeToText(MyText, x => Math.Round(x, 2).ToString());
}

---

ReactiveProperty, ReactiveCollection

游戏数据变化时通常需要通知别的类。我们应该用属性和事件（回调）么？这通常太繁琐了。UniRx提供了ReactiveProperty类，一个轻量的属性代理

// Reactive Notification Model
public class Enemy
{
    public ReactiveProperty<long> CurrentHp { get; private set; }

    public ReactiveProperty<bool> IsDead { get; private set; }

    public Enemy(int initialHp)
    {
        // Declarative Property
        CurrentHp = new ReactiveProperty<long>(initialHp);
        IsDead = CurrentHp.Select(x => x <= 0).ToReactiveProperty();
    }
}

// ---
// onclick, HP decrement
MyButton.OnClickAsObservable().Subscribe(_ => enemy.CurrentHp.Value -= 99);
// subscribe from notification model.
enemy.CurrentHp.SubscribeToText(MyText);
enemy.IsDead.Where(isDead => isDead == true)
    .Subscribe(_ =>
    {
        MyButton.interactable = false;
    });