[C++] 纯虚函数，多态继承

class FatherA
{
public:
	virtual void vMustDo()=NULL; //拥有此声明的类()=0不能实例化，只能被继承者具体实现
	
};


class ChildA:public FatherA 
{
public:
	void vMustDo()
	{  //没有此函数会出错，必须实现
		printf("finish the must do.\n");
	}
};

//-----------------------------------------------

class FatherB
{
public:
	virtual void test1(){
		printf("FatherB test1.\n");
	}

	void test2(){
		printf("FatherB test2.\n");
	}

	void testX()
	{
		printf("FatherB testX.\n");
	}
	
};

class ChildB: public FatherB
{
public:
	
	virtual void test1(){ //可覆盖基类的同名函数
		printf("ChildB test1.\n");
	}

	void test2(){
		printf("ChildB test2.\n");
	}

	void test3(){
		printf("ChildB test3.\n");
	}
};





int main()
{

	ChildA childA; //正常使用
	//Father1 father; //实例化会出错

	ChildB child;
	((FatherB*) (&child))->test1();//(1)输出ChildB test1  //说明保留旧指针的方法
	((FatherB*) (&child))->test2();//(2)输出FatherB test2 //说明新的指针方法覆盖旧的
  //((FatherB*) (&child))->test3();//(3)调用此函数会出错,新指针father无此方法(非基类方法)
	((FatherB*) (&child))->testX(); //(4)输出FatherB testX.


	 FatherB fatherB;
	((ChildB*) (&fatherB))->test1();//(5)输出FatherB test1 //说明保留旧指针的方法
	((ChildB*) (&fatherB))->test2();//(6)输出ChildB test2  //说明新的指针方法覆盖旧的
	((ChildB*) (&fatherB))->test3();//(7)输出ChildB test3
	((ChildB*) (&fatherB))->testX(); //(8)输出FatherB testX. //这种情况与3不一样

	getchar();
	return 0;
}