目录
1. Linux I2C 驱动框架简介
在裸机中,我们通常会有如下四个文件:xxxi2c.h,xxxi2c.c,xxxi2c_dev.c,xxxi2c_dev.h。前两个是IIC 接口驱动,后两个是设备驱动文件。在Linux内核中也将 I2C 驱动分为两部分:
①、 I2C 总线驱动, I2C 总线驱动就是 SOC 的 I2C 控制器驱动,也叫做 I2C 适配器驱动。
②、 I2C 设备驱动, I2C 设备驱动就是针对具体的 I2C 设备而编写的驱动。
1.1 I2C 总线驱动
在讲 platform 的时候就说过, platform 是虚拟出来的一条总线,目的是为了实现总线、设备、驱动框架。对于 I2C 而言,不需要虚拟出一条总线,直接使用 I2C总线即可。 I2C 总线驱动重点是 I2C 适配器(也就是 SOC 的 I2C 接口控制器)驱动,这里要用到两个重要的数据结构: i2c_adapter 和 i2c_algorithm, Linux 内核将 SOC 的 I2C 适配器(控制器)抽象成 i2c_adapter, i2c_adapter 结构体定义在 include/linux/i2c.h 文件中,结构体内容如下:
/*
* i2c_adapter is the structure used to identify a physical i2c bus along
* with the access algorithms necessary to access it.
*/
struct i2c_adapter {
struct module *owner;
unsigned int class; /* classes to allow probing for */
const struct i2c_algorithm *algo; /* 总线访问算法 */
void *algo_data;
/* data fields that are valid for all devices */
struct rt_mutex bus_lock;
int timeout; /* in jiffies */
int retries;
struct device dev; /* the adapter device */
int nr;
char name[48];
struct completion dev_released;
struct mutex userspace_clients_lock;
struct list_head userspace_clients;
struct i2c_bus_recovery_info *bus_recovery_info;
const struct i2c_adapter_quirks *quirks;
};
i2c_algorithm 类型的指针变量 algo,对于一个 I2C 适配器,肯定要对外提供读写 API 函数,设备驱动程序可以使用这些 API 函数来完成读写操作。 i2c_algorithm 就是 I2C 适配器与 IIC 设备进行通信的方法。
struct i2c_algorithm {
/* If an adapter algorithm can't do I2C-level access, set master_xfer
to NULL. If an adapter algorithm can do SMBus access, set
smbus_xfer. If set to NULL, the SMBus protocol is simulated
using common I2C messages */
/* master_xfer should return the number of messages successfully
processed, or a negative value on error */
int (*master_xfer)(struct i2c_adapter *adap, struct i2c_msg *msgs,
int num); //I2C 适配器的传输函数
int (*smbus_xfer) (struct i2c_adapter *adap, u16 addr,
unsigned short flags, char read_write,
u8 command, int size, union i2c_smbus_data *data);//SMBUS 总线的传输函数。
/* To determine what the adapter supports */
u32 (*functionality) (struct i2c_adapter *);
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_I2C_SLAVE)
int (*reg_slave)(struct i2c_client *client);
int (*unreg_slave)(struct i2c_client *client);
#endif
}
综上所述, I2C 总线驱动,或者说 I2C 适配器驱动的主要工作就是初始化 i2c_adapter 结构
体变量,然后设置 i2c_algorithm 中的 master_xfer 函数。完成以后通i2c_add_numbered_adapter
或 i2c_add_adapter 这两个函数向系统注册设置好的 i2c_adapter,这两个函数的原型如下:
int i2c_add_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adapter)
int i2c_add_numbered_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adap)
这两个函数的区别在于 i2c_add_adapter 使用动态的总线号,而 i2c_add_numbered_adapter
使用静态总线号。如果要删除 I2C 适配器的话使用 i2c_del_adapter 函数即可,函数原型如下:
void i2c_del_adapter(struct i2c_adapter * adap)
1.2 I2C 设备驱动
I2C 设备驱动重点关注两个数据结构: i2c_client 和 i2c_driver,i2c_client 就是描述设备信息的, i2c_driver 描述驱动内容,类似于 platform_driver。
1、 i2c_client 结构体
struct i2c_client {
unsigned short flags; /* 标志 */
unsigned short addr; /* 芯片地址, 7 位,存在低 7 位*/
char name[I2C_NAME_SIZE]; /* 名字 */
struct i2c_adapter *adapter; /* 对应的 I2C 适配器 */
struct device dev; /* 设备结构体 */
int irq; /* 中断 */
struct list_head detected;
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_I2C_SLAVE)
i2c_slave_cb_t slave_cb; /* callback for slave mode */
#endif
};
一个设备对应一个 i2c_client,每检测到一个 I2C 设备就会给这个 I2C 设备分配一个
i2c_client。
2、i2c_driver 结构体
i2c_driver 类似 platform_driver,是我们编写 I2C 设备驱动重点要处理的内容, i2c_driver 结
构体定义在 include/linux/i2c.h 文件中,内容如下:
struct i2c_driver {
unsigned int class;
/* Notifies the driver that a new bus has appeared. You should avoid
* using this, it will be removed in a near future.
*/
int (*attach_adapter)(struct i2c_adapter *) __deprecated;
/* Standard driver model interfaces */
int (*probe)(struct i2c_client *, const struct i2c_device_id *);
int (*remove)(struct i2c_client *);
/* driver model interfaces that don't relate to enumeration */
void (*shutdown)(struct i2c_client *);
/* Alert callback, for example for the SMBus alert protocol.
* The format and meaning of the data value depends on the protocol.
* For the SMBus alert protocol, there is a single bit of data passed
* as the alert response's low bit ("event flag").
*/
void (*alert)(struct i2c_client *, unsigned int data);
/* a ioctl like command that can be used to perform specific functions
* with the device.
*/
int (*command)(struct i2c_client *client, unsigned int cmd, void *arg);
struct device_driver driver;
const struct i2c_device_id *id_table;
/* Device detection callback for automatic device creation */
int (*detect)(struct i2c_client *, struct i2c_board_info *);
const unsigned short *address_list;
struct list_head clients;
};
对于我们 I2C 设备驱动编写人来说,重点工作就是构建 i2c_driver,构建完成以后需要向Linux 内核注册这个 i2c_driver。 i2c_driver 注册函数为 int i2c_register_driver,此函数原型如下:
int i2c_register_driver(struct module *owner, struct i2c_driver *driver)
注销 I2C 设备驱动的时候需要将前面注册的 i2c_driver 从 Linux 内核中注销掉,需要用到i2c_del_driver 函数,此函数原型如下:
void i2c_del_driver(struct i2c_driver *driver)
1.3 I2C 设备和驱动匹配过程
I2C 设备和驱动的匹配过程是由 I2C 核心来完成的, drivers/i2c/i2c-core.c 就是 I2C 的核心部分, I2C 核心提供了一些与具体硬件无关的 API 函数,比如前面讲过的:
int i2c_add_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adapter)
int i2c_add_numbered_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adap)
void i2c_del_adapter(struct i2c_adapter * adap)
int i2c_register_driver(struct module *owner, struct i2c_driver *driver)
int i2c_add_driver (struct i2c_driver *driver)
void i2c_del_driver(struct i2c_driver *driver)
设备和驱动的匹配过程也是由 I2C 总线完成的, I2C 总线的数据结构为 i2c_bus_type,定义
在 drivers/i2c/i2c-core.c 文件, i2c_bus_type 内容如下:
struct bus_type i2c_bus_type = {
.name = "i2c",
.match = i2c_device_match,
.probe = i2c_device_probe,
.remove = i2c_device_remove,
.shutdown = i2c_device_shutdown,
};
.match 就是 I2C 总线的设备和驱动匹配函数,在这里就是 i2c_device_match 这个函数,此
函数内容如下:
static int i2c_device_match(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
{
struct i2c_client *client = i2c_verify_client(dev);
struct i2c_driver *driver;
if (!client)
return 0;
/* Attempt an OF style match */
if (of_driver_match_device(dev, drv))
return 1;
/* Then ACPI style match */
if (acpi_driver_match_device(dev, drv))
return 1;
driver = to_i2c_driver(drv);
/* match on an id table if there is one */
if (driver->id_table)
return i2c_match_id(driver->id_table, client) != NULL;
return 0;
}
2 I.MX6U 的 I2C 适配器驱动分析
I.MX6U 的 I2C 适配器驱动驱动文件为 drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-imx.c,在此文件中有如下内容:
static const struct platform_device_id imx_i2c_devtype[] = {
{
.name = "imx1-i2c",
.driver_data = (kernel_ulong_t)&imx1_i2c_hwdata,
}, {
.name = "imx21-i2c",
.driver_data = (kernel_ulong_t)&imx21_i2c_hwdata,
}, {
/* sentinel */
}
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(platform, imx_i2c_devtype);
static const struct of_device_id i2c_imx_dt_ids[] = {
{ .compatible = "fsl,imx1-i2c", .data = &imx1_i2c_hwdata, },
{ .compatible = "fsl,imx21-i2c", .data = &imx21_i2c_hwdata, },
{ .compatible = "fsl,vf610-i2c", .data = &vf610_i2c_hwdata, },
{ /* sentinel */ }
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, i2c_imx_dt_ids);
……
static struct platform_driver i2c_imx_driver = {
.probe = i2c_imx_probe,
.remove = i2c_imx_remove,
.driver = {
.name = DRIVER_NAME,
.of_match_table = i2c_imx_dt_ids,
},
.id_table = imx_i2c_devtype,
};
static int __init i2c_adap_imx_init(void)
{
return platform_driver_register(&i2c_imx_driver);
}
subsys_initcall(i2c_adap_imx_init);
static void __exit i2c_adap_imx_exit(void)
{
platform_driver_unregister(&i2c_imx_driver);
}
module_exit(i2c_adap_imx_exit);
I.MX6U 的 I2C 适配器驱动是个标准的 platform 驱动,由此可以看出,虽然 I2C 总线为别的设备提供了一种总线驱动框架,但是 I2C 适配器却是 platform驱动。
static int i2c_imx_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
const struct of_device_id *of_id = of_match_device(i2c_imx_dt_ids,
&pdev->dev);
struct imx_i2c_struct *i2c_imx;
struct resource *res;
struct imxi2c_platform_data *pdata = dev_get_platdata(&pdev->dev);
void __iomem *base;
int irq, ret;
dma_addr_t phy_addr;
dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "<%s>\n", __func__);
irq = platform_get_irq(pdev, 0); //获取中断号。
if (irq < 0) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "can't get irq number\n");
return irq;
}
//从设备树中获取 I2C1 控制器寄存器物理基地址,也就是 0X021A0000
res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
//进行内存映射,得到可以在 Linux 内核中使用的虚拟地址。
base = devm_ioremap_resource(&pdev->dev, res);
if (IS_ERR(base))
return PTR_ERR(base);
phy_addr = (dma_addr_t)res->start;
i2c_imx = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*i2c_imx), GFP_KERNEL);//申请内存
if (!i2c_imx)
return -ENOMEM;
if (of_id)
i2c_imx->hwdata = of_id->data;
else
i2c_imx->hwdata = (struct imx_i2c_hwdata *)
platform_get_device_id(pdev)->driver_data;
/* Setup i2c_imx driver structure *///初始化i2c_adapter
strlcpy(i2c_imx->adapter.name, pdev->name, sizeof(i2c_imx->adapter.name));
i2c_imx->adapter.owner = THIS_MODULE;
i2c_imx->adapter.algo = &i2c_imx_algo;
i2c_imx->adapter.dev.parent = &pdev->dev;
i2c_imx->adapter.nr = pdev->id;
i2c_imx->adapter.dev.of_node = pdev->dev.of_node;
i2c_imx->base = base;
/* Get I2C clock */
i2c_imx->clk = devm_clk_get(&pdev->dev, NULL);
if (IS_ERR(i2c_imx->clk)) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "can't get I2C clock\n");
return PTR_ERR(i2c_imx->clk);
}
ret = clk_prepare_enable(i2c_imx->clk);
if (ret) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "can't enable I2C clock\n");
return ret;
}
/* Request IRQ */
//注册 I2C 控制器中断,中断服务函数为 i2c_imx_isr。
ret = devm_request_irq(&pdev->dev, irq, i2c_imx_isr, 0,
pdev->name, i2c_imx);
if (ret) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "can't claim irq %d\n", irq);
goto clk_disable;
}
/* Init queue */
init_waitqueue_head(&i2c_imx->queue);
/* Set up adapter data */
i2c_set_adapdata(&i2c_imx->adapter, i2c_imx);
/* Set up clock divider */
//设置 I2C 频率默认为 IMX_I2C_BIT_RATE=100KHz
i2c_imx->bitrate = IMX_I2C_BIT_RATE;
ret = of_property_read_u32(pdev->dev.of_node,
"clock-frequency", &i2c_imx->bitrate);
if (ret < 0 && pdata && pdata->bitrate)
i2c_imx->bitrate = pdata->bitrate;
/* Set up chip registers to defaults */
//设置 I2C1 控制的 I2CR 和 I2SR 寄存器
imx_i2c_write_reg(i2c_imx->hwdata->i2cr_ien_opcode ^ I2CR_IEN,
i2c_imx, IMX_I2C_I2CR);
//向 Linux 内核注册 i2c_adapter。
imx_i2c_write_reg(i2c_imx->hwdata->i2sr_clr_opcode, i2c_imx, IMX_I2C_I2SR);
/* Add I2C adapter */
ret = i2c_add_numbered_adapter(&i2c_imx->adapter);
if (ret < 0) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "registration failed\n");
goto clk_disable;
}
/* Set up platform driver data */
platform_set_drvdata(pdev, i2c_imx);
clk_disable_unprepare(i2c_imx->clk);
dev_dbg(&i2c_imx->adapter.dev, "claimed irq %d\n", irq);
dev_dbg(&i2c_imx->adapter.dev, "device resources: %pR\n", res);
dev_dbg(&i2c_imx->adapter.dev, "adapter name: \"%s\"\n",
i2c_imx->adapter.name);
dev_info(&i2c_imx->adapter.dev, "IMX I2C adapter registered\n");
/* Init DMA config if supported */
i2c_imx_dma_request(i2c_imx, phy_addr);//看来 I.MX 的 I2C 适配器驱动采用了 DMA 方式
return 0; /* Return OK */
clk_disable:
clk_disable_unprepare(i2c_imx->clk);
return ret;
}
i2c_imx_algo 包含 I2C1 适配器与 I2C 设备的通信函数 master_xfer, i2c_imx_algo 结构体定义如下:
static struct i2c_algorithm i2c_imx_algo = {
.master_xfer = i2c_imx_xfer,
.functionality = i2c_imx_func,
};
我们先来看一下. functionality, functionality用于返回此I2C适配器支持什么样的通信协议,在这里 functionality 就是 i2c_imx_func 函数, i2c_imx_func 函数内容如下:
static u32 i2c_imx_func(struct i2c_adapter *adapter)
{
return I2C_FUNC_I2C | I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_EMUL
| I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_BLOCK_DATA;
}
重点来看一下 i2c_imx_xfer 函数,因为最终就是通过此函数来完成与 I2C 设备通信的:
static int i2c_imx_xfer(struct i2c_adapter *adapter,
struct i2c_msg *msgs, int num)
{
unsigned int i, temp;
int result;
bool is_lastmsg = false;
struct imx_i2c_struct *i2c_imx = i2c_get_adapdata(adapter);
dev_dbg(&i2c_imx->adapter.dev, "<%s>\n", __func__);
/* Start I2C transfer */
result = i2c_imx_start(i2c_imx);//开启 I2C 通信
if (result)
goto fail0;
/* read/write data */
for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
if (i == num - 1)
is_lastmsg = true;
if (i) {
dev_dbg(&i2c_imx->adapter.dev,
"<%s> repeated start\n", __func__);
temp = imx_i2c_read_reg(i2c_imx, IMX_I2C_I2CR);
temp |= I2CR_RSTA;
imx_i2c_write_reg(temp, i2c_imx, IMX_I2C_I2CR);
result = i2c_imx_bus_busy(i2c_imx, 1);
if (result)
goto fail0;
}
dev_dbg(&i2c_imx->adapter.dev,
"<%s> transfer message: %d\n", __func__, i);
/* write/read data */
#ifdef CONFIG_I2C_DEBUG_BUS
temp = imx_i2c_read_reg(i2c_imx, IMX_I2C_I2CR);
dev_dbg(&i2c_imx->adapter.dev,
"<%s> CONTROL: IEN=%d, IIEN=%d, MSTA=%d, MTX=%d, TXAK=%d, RSTA=%d\n",
__func__,
(temp & I2CR_IEN ? 1 : 0), (temp & I2CR_IIEN ? 1 : 0),
(temp & I2CR_MSTA ? 1 : 0), (temp & I2CR_MTX ? 1 : 0),
(temp & I2CR_TXAK ? 1 : 0), (temp & I2CR_RSTA ? 1 : 0));
temp = imx_i2c_read_reg(i2c_imx, IMX_I2C_I2SR);
dev_dbg(&i2c_imx->adapter.dev,
"<%s> STATUS: ICF=%d, IAAS=%d, IBB=%d, IAL=%d, SRW=%d, IIF=%d, RXAK=%d\n",
__func__,
(temp & I2SR_ICF ? 1 : 0), (temp & I2SR_IAAS ? 1 : 0),
(temp & I2SR_IBB ? 1 : 0), (temp & I2SR_IAL ? 1 : 0),
(temp & I2SR_SRW ? 1 : 0), (temp & I2SR_IIF ? 1 : 0),
(temp & I2SR_RXAK ? 1 : 0));
#endif
if (msgs[i].flags & I2C_M_RD)//如果是从 I2C 设备读数据的话就调用 i2c_imx_read 函数
result = i2c_imx_read(i2c_imx, &msgs[i], is_lastmsg);
else {
//向 I2C 设备写数据,如果要用 DMA 的话就使用 i2c_imx_dma_write 函数来
//完成写数据。如果不使用 DMA 的话就使用 i2c_imx_write 函数完成写数据。
if (i2c_imx->dma && msgs[i].len >= DMA_THRESHOLD)
result = i2c_imx_dma_write(i2c_imx, &msgs[i]);
else
result = i2c_imx_write(i2c_imx, &msgs[i]);
}
if (result)
goto fail0;
}
fail0:
/* Stop I2C transfer */
i2c_imx_stop(i2c_imx);//停止 I2C 通信
dev_dbg(&i2c_imx->adapter.dev, "<%s> exit with: %s: %d\n", __func__,
(result < 0) ? "error" : "success msg",
(result < 0) ? result : num);
return (result < 0) ? result : num;
}
Linux 内核使用 i2c_msg 结构体来描述一个消息。 i2c_msg 结构体定义在 include/uapi/linux/i2c.h 文件中,结构体内容如下:
struct i2c_msg {
__u16 addr; /* 从机地址 */
__u16 flags; /* 标志 */
#define I2C_M_TEN 0x0010 /* this is a ten bit chip address */
#define I2C_M_RD 0x0001 /* read data, from slave to master */
#define I2C_M_STOP 0x8000 /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */
#define I2C_M_NOSTART 0x4000 /* if I2C_FUNC_NOSTART */
#define I2C_M_REV_DIR_ADDR 0x2000 /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */
#define I2C_M_IGNORE_NAK 0x1000 /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */
#define I2C_M_NO_RD_ACK 0x0800 /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */
#define I2C_M_RECV_LEN 0x0400 /* length will be first received byte */
__u16 len; /* 消息(本 msg)长度 */
__u8 *buf; /* 消息数据 */
};
3. 实验代码
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/ide.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/of_gpio.h>
#include <linux/semaphore.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <asm/mach/map.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include "ap3216creg.h"
#define AP3216C_CNT 1
#define AP3216C_NAME "ap3216c"
struct ap3216c_dev {
dev_t devid; /* 设备号 */
struct cdev cdev; /* cdev */
struct class *class; /* 类 */
struct device *device; /* 设备 */
struct device_node *nd; /* 设备节点 */
int major; /* 主设备号 */
void *private_data; /* 私有数据 */
unsigned short ir, als, ps; /* 三个光传感器数据 */
};
static struct ap3216c_dev ap3216cdev;
/*
* @description : 从ap3216c读取多个寄存器数据
* @param - dev: ap3216c设备
* @param - reg: 要读取的寄存器首地址
* @param - val: 读取到的数据
* @param - len: 要读取的数据长度
* @return : 操作结果
*/
static int ap3216c_read_regs(struct ap3216c_dev *dev, u8 reg, void *val, int len)
{
int ret;
struct i2c_msg msg[2];
struct i2c_client *client = (struct i2c_client *)dev->private_data;
/* msg[0]为发送要读取的首地址 */
msg[0].addr = client->addr; /* ap3216c地址 */
msg[0].flags = 0; /* 标记为发送数据 */
msg[0].buf = ® /* 读取的首地址 */
msg[0].len = 1; /* reg长度*/
/* msg[1]读取数据 */
msg[1].addr = client->addr; /* ap3216c地址 */
msg[1].flags = I2C_M_RD; /* 标记为读取数据*/
msg[1].buf = val; /* 读取数据缓冲区 */
msg[1].len = len; /* 要读取的数据长度*/
ret = i2c_transfer(client->adapter, msg, 2);
if(ret == 2) {
ret = 0;
} else {
printk("i2c rd failed=%d reg=%06x len=%d\n",ret, reg, len);
ret = -EREMOTEIO;
}
return ret;
}
/*
* @description : 向ap3216c多个寄存器写入数据
* @param - dev: ap3216c设备
* @param - reg: 要写入的寄存器首地址
* @param - val: 要写入的数据缓冲区
* @param - len: 要写入的数据长度
* @return : 操作结果
*/
static s32 ap3216c_write_regs(struct ap3216c_dev *dev, u8 reg, u8 *buf, u8 len)
{
u8 b[256];
struct i2c_msg msg;
struct i2c_client *client = (struct i2c_client *)dev->private_data;
b[0] = reg; /* 寄存器首地址 */
memcpy(&b[1],buf,len); /* 将要写入的数据拷贝到数组b里面 */
msg.addr = client->addr; /* ap3216c地址 */
msg.flags = 0; /* 标记为写数据 */
msg.buf = b; /* 要写入的数据缓冲区 */
msg.len = len + 1; /* 要写入的数据长度 */
return i2c_transfer(client->adapter, &msg, 1);
}
/*
* @description : 读取ap3216c指定寄存器值,读取一个寄存器
* @param - dev: ap3216c设备
* @param - reg: 要读取的寄存器
* @return : 读取到的寄存器值
*/
static unsigned char ap3216c_read_reg(struct ap3216c_dev *dev, u8 reg)
{
u8 data = 0;
ap3216c_read_regs(dev, reg, &data, 1);
return data;
#if 0
struct i2c_client *client = (struct i2c_client *)dev->private_data;
return i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(client, reg);
#endif
}
/*
* @description : 向ap3216c指定寄存器写入指定的值,写一个寄存器
* @param - dev: ap3216c设备
* @param - reg: 要写的寄存器
* @param - data: 要写入的值
* @return : 无
*/
static void ap3216c_write_reg(struct ap3216c_dev *dev, u8 reg, u8 data)
{
u8 buf = 0;
buf = data;
ap3216c_write_regs(dev, reg, &buf, 1);
}
/*
* @description : 读取AP3216C的数据,读取原始数据,包括ALS,PS和IR, 注意!
* : 如果同时打开ALS,IR+PS的话两次数据读取的时间间隔要大于112.5ms
* @param - ir : ir数据
* @param - ps : ps数据
* @param - ps : als数据
* @return : 无。
*/
void ap3216c_readdata(struct ap3216c_dev *dev)
{
unsigned char i =0;
unsigned char buf[6];
/* 循环读取所有传感器数据 */
for(i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
buf[i] = ap3216c_read_reg(dev, AP3216C_IRDATALOW + i);
}
if(buf[0] & 0X80) /* IR_OF位为1,则数据无效 */
dev->ir = 0;
else /* 读取IR传感器的数据 */
dev->ir = ((unsigned short)buf[1] << 2) | (buf[0] & 0X03);
dev->als = ((unsigned short)buf[3] << 8) | buf[2]; /* 读取ALS传感器的数据 */
if(buf[4] & 0x40) /* IR_OF位为1,则数据无效 */
dev->ps = 0;
else /* 读取PS传感器的数据 */
dev->ps = ((unsigned short)(buf[5] & 0X3F) << 4) | (buf[4] & 0X0F);
}
/*
* @description : 打开设备
* @param - inode : 传递给驱动的inode
* @param - filp : 设备文件,file结构体有个叫做private_data的成员变量
* 一般在open的时候将private_data指向设备结构体。
* @return : 0 成功;其他 失败
*/
static int ap3216c_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
filp->private_data = &ap3216cdev;
/* 初始化AP3216C */
ap3216c_write_reg(&ap3216cdev, AP3216C_SYSTEMCONG, 0x04); /* 复位AP3216C */
mdelay(50); /* AP3216C复位最少10ms */
ap3216c_write_reg(&ap3216cdev, AP3216C_SYSTEMCONG, 0X03); /* 开启ALS、PS+IR */
return 0;
}
/*
* @description : 从设备读取数据
* @param - filp : 要打开的设备文件(文件描述符)
* @param - buf : 返回给用户空间的数据缓冲区
* @param - cnt : 要读取的数据长度
* @param - offt : 相对于文件首地址的偏移
* @return : 读取的字节数,如果为负值,表示读取失败
*/
static ssize_t ap3216c_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t cnt, loff_t *off)
{
short data[3];
long err = 0;
struct ap3216c_dev *dev = (struct ap3216c_dev *)filp->private_data;
ap3216c_readdata(dev);
data[0] = dev->ir;
data[1] = dev->als;
data[2] = dev->ps;
err = copy_to_user(buf, data, sizeof(data));
return 0;
}
/*
* @description : 关闭/释放设备
* @param - filp : 要关闭的设备文件(文件描述符)
* @return : 0 成功;其他 失败
*/
static int ap3216c_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
return 0;
}
/* AP3216C操作函数 */
static const struct file_operations ap3216c_ops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = ap3216c_open,
.read = ap3216c_read,
.release = ap3216c_release,
};
/*
* @description : i2c驱动的probe函数,当驱动与
* 设备匹配以后此函数就会执行
* @param - client : i2c设备
* @param - id : i2c设备ID
* @return : 0,成功;其他负值,失败
*/
static int ap3216c_probe(struct i2c_client *client, const struct i2c_device_id *id)
{
/* 1、构建设备号 */
if (ap3216cdev.major) {
ap3216cdev.devid = MKDEV(ap3216cdev.major, 0);
register_chrdev_region(ap3216cdev.devid, AP3216C_CNT, AP3216C_NAME);
} else {
alloc_chrdev_region(&ap3216cdev.devid, 0, AP3216C_CNT, AP3216C_NAME);
ap3216cdev.major = MAJOR(ap3216cdev.devid);
}
/* 2、注册设备 */
cdev_init(&ap3216cdev.cdev, &ap3216c_ops);
cdev_add(&ap3216cdev.cdev, ap3216cdev.devid, AP3216C_CNT);
/* 3、创建类 */
ap3216cdev.class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, AP3216C_NAME);
if (IS_ERR(ap3216cdev.class)) {
return PTR_ERR(ap3216cdev.class);
}
/* 4、创建设备 */
ap3216cdev.device = device_create(ap3216cdev.class, NULL, ap3216cdev.devid, NULL, AP3216C_NAME);
if (IS_ERR(ap3216cdev.device)) {
return PTR_ERR(ap3216cdev.device);
}
ap3216cdev.private_data = client;
return 0;
}
/*
* @description : i2c驱动的remove函数,移除i2c驱动的时候此函数会执行
* @param - client : i2c设备
* @return : 0,成功;其他负值,失败
*/
static int ap3216c_remove(struct i2c_client *client)
{
/* 删除设备 */
cdev_del(&ap3216cdev.cdev);
unregister_chrdev_region(ap3216cdev.devid, AP3216C_CNT);
/* 注销掉类和设备 */
device_destroy(ap3216cdev.class, ap3216cdev.devid);
class_destroy(ap3216cdev.class);
return 0;
}
/* 传统匹配方式ID列表 */
static const struct i2c_device_id ap3216c_id[] = {
{"alientek,ap3216c", 0},
{}
};
/* 设备树匹配列表 */
static const struct of_device_id ap3216c_of_match[] = {
{ .compatible = "alientek,ap3216c" },
{ /* Sentinel */ }
};
/* i2c驱动结构体 */
static struct i2c_driver ap3216c_driver = {
.probe = ap3216c_probe,
.remove = ap3216c_remove,
.driver = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.name = "ap3216c",
.of_match_table = ap3216c_of_match,
},
.id_table = ap3216c_id,
};
/*
* @description : 驱动入口函数
* @param : 无
* @return : 无
*/
static int __init ap3216c_init(void)
{
int ret = 0;
ret = i2c_add_driver(&ap3216c_driver);
return ret;
}
/*
* @description : 驱动出口函数
* @param : 无
* @return : 无
*/
static void __exit ap3216c_exit(void)
{
i2c_del_driver(&ap3216c_driver);
}
/* module_i2c_driver(ap3216c_driver) */
module_init(ap3216c_init);
module_exit(ap3216c_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");