C++实验,用到的知识点:继承派生,虚继承,图形化
1、自行车类的虚基类为车辆类,机动车类的虚基类也为车辆类,摩托车类的基类为自行车类和机动车类,类之间均为公有继承。
(1)根据上面各类间关系的描述,补全下面程序段中空缺的代码;
(2)实现程序中声明的成员函数,注意相应操作中的动作发生的条件不能满足时应给出提示。
(3)运行主程序,享受开摩托的过程,要实时图形化显示摩托车的位置信息(需要修改本案例的代码实现)。
2、 程序设计原理或方法
(1) 补充原代码,基类车辆类;
虚继承:自行车类和机动车类;
继承自行车类和机动车类的摩托车类
(2)实时图形化:使用easyX图形库生成实时图形化界面。
头文件
enum VehicleStaus { rest, running }; //车辆状态:泊车、行进
class Vehicle //车辆类
{
public:
int currentSpeed;
protected:
int maxSpeed; //最大车速
//当前速度
int weight; //车重
VehicleStaus status; //rest-泊车状态;running-行进状态
public:
Vehicle(int maxS, int w); //构造函数,初始时,当前速度总为0且处在停车状态
void start(); //由rest状态到running, 初速为1
void stop(); //由running状态到rest, 当前速度小于5时,才允许停车
void speed_up(); //加速,调用1次,速度加1
void slow_down(); //减速,调用1次,速度减1,速度为0时,停车
};
//构造函数,初始时,当前速度总为0且处在停车状态
Vehicle::Vehicle(int maxS, int w) :maxSpeed(maxS), currentSpeed(0), weight(w), status(rest) {}
//启动:由rest状态到running, 初速为1
void Vehicle::start()
{
if (status == rest)
{
status = running;
currentSpeed = 1;
}
else
cout << "车辆已经行驶!" << endl;
}
//由running状态到rest, 当前速度小于5时,才允许停车
void Vehicle::stop()
{
if (status == running)
if (currentSpeed < 5)
{
status = rest;
currentSpeed = 0;
}
else
cout << "车速太快!先减速再停车……" << endl;
else
cout << "车辆未启动!" << endl;
}
//加速,调用1次,速度加1
void Vehicle::speed_up()
{
if (status == running)
if (currentSpeed < maxSpeed)
++currentSpeed;
else
cout << "请不要超速行驶……" << endl;
else
cout << "车辆未启动!" << endl;
}
//减速,调用1次,速度减1,速度为0时,停车
void Vehicle::slow_down()
{
if (status == running)
{
if (currentSpeed > 0)
--currentSpeed;
}
else
cout << "车辆未启动!" << endl;
if (currentSpeed == 0)
status = rest;
}
class Bicycle :virtual public Vehicle //()自行车类
{
protected:
double height; //车高
public:
Bicycle(int maxS = 10, int w = 50, int h = 0.7); //定义构造函数
};
Bicycle::Bicycle(int maxS, int w, int h) :Vehicle(maxS, w), height(h) {}
class Motorcar : virtual public Vehicle//()机动车类
{
protected:
int seatNum; //座位数
int passengerNum; //乘客人数
public:
Motorcar(int maxS = 150, int w = 1500, int s = 5, int p = 1); //定义构造函数
void addPassenger(int p = 1); //搭载乘客,超员要拒载,有人下车时,p为负数。当然车上乘客至少有1个(司机)。上下车时要保证安全……
};
//定义构造函数
Motorcar::Motorcar(int maxS, int w, int s, int p) : Vehicle(maxS, w), seatNum(s), passengerNum(p) {}
//搭载乘客,超员要拒载,有人下车时,p为负数。当然车上乘客至少有1个(司机)。上下车时要保证安全……
void Motorcar::addPassenger(int p)
{
if (status == running)
{
cout << "车辆正在行驶,停车后再上下车!" << endl;
}
else
{
passengerNum += p;
if (passengerNum > seatNum)
{
passengerNum = seatNum;
cout << "涉嫌超员,已清理后达到满员!" << endl;
}
else if (passengerNum < 1)
{
passengerNum = 1;
cout << "请司机不要离开岗位!" << endl;
}
}
}
class Motorcycle : public Bicycle, public Motorcar //()摩托车类
{
public:
Motorcycle(int maxS = 90, int w = 100, int s = 3, int p = 1, int h = 0.7); //定义构造函数
void show(); //显示摩托车的运行状态
};
//定义构造函数
Motorcycle::Motorcycle(int maxS, int w, int s, int p, int h) :Vehicle(maxS, w), Bicycle(maxS, w, h), Motorcar(maxS, w, s, p) {}
//显示摩托车的运行状态
void Motorcycle::show()
{
cout << "状态:";
if (status == rest)
cout << "泊车;\t";
else
cout << "行进;\t";
cout << "车速:" << currentSpeed << " / " << maxSpeed << "\t当前乘员:" << passengerNum << " / " << seatNum << endl;
}
主文件
int main()
{
Motorcycle m;
int x = 30;
initgraph(1400, 960, SHOWCONSOLE);
bool end = false;
cout << "每次输入操作之前若没有提示请按enter键进行操作选择" << endl;
while (!end)
{
cout << "请操作:1-启动 2-加速 3-减速 4-有人上车 5-有人下车 6-停车 0-结束" << endl;
char keydown = _getch(); //_getch()返回键盘上读取的字符,应包含头文件<conio.h>
switch (keydown)
{
case '1':
cout << "选中的操作是1-启动\t";
m.start();
break;
case '2':
cout << "选中的操作是2-加速\t";
m.speed_up();
break;
case '3':
cout << "选中的操作是3-减速\t";
m.slow_down();
break;
case '4':
cout << "选中的操作是4-有人上车\t";
m.addPassenger();
break;
case '5':
cout << "选中的操作是5-有人下车\t";
m.addPassenger(-1);
break;
case '6':
cout << "选中的操作是6-停车\t";
m.stop();
break;
case '0':
end = true;
break;
}
m.show();
cout << endl;
Sleep(200); //要包含头文件<windows.h>
if (m.currentSpeed == 0)
{
while (!GetAsyncKeyState(13))
{// 绘制黄线、绿色填充的圆
setlinecolor(YELLOW);
setfillcolor(GREEN);
fillcircle(x, 30, 5);
fillcircle(x - 20, 30, 5);
fillrectangle(x - 20, 25, x, 30);
// 延时
Sleep(1000 );
// 绘制黑线、黑色填充的圆
setlinecolor(BLACK);
setfillcolor(BLACK);
fillcircle(x, 30, 5);
fillcircle(x - 20, 30, 5);
fillrectangle(x - 20, 25, x, 30);
}
}
else
{
//我只是简单的画了基本图形,感兴趣的可以发挥想象自己创作一下
while (!GetAsyncKeyState(13))
{// 绘制黄线、绿色填充的圆
setlinecolor(YELLOW);
setfillcolor(GREEN);
fillcircle(x, 30, 5);
fillcircle(x - 20, 30, 5);
setfillcolor(RED);
fillrectangle(x-20, 25, x, 30);
// 延时
Sleep(1000 / m.currentSpeed);
// 绘制黑线、黑色填充的圆
setlinecolor(BLACK);
setfillcolor(BLACK);
fillcircle(x, 30, 5);
fillcircle(x-20, 30, 5);
fillrectangle(x - 20, 25, x, 30);
x += 20;
if (x > 1600)
x = 0;
}
}
cin.ignore(1024,'\n');
}
closegraph();
system("pause");
return 0;
}